Nurse Renard

Types of sickle cell crisis
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A 23-year-old type 1 diabetic is brought to the emergency department and diagnosed with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).
Which of the following are signs in this condition EXCEPT:

A. Dehydration
B. Tachycardia
C. Positive urinary ketones
D. Kussmaul breathing

What's the answer?

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Have you been delivering the placenta yet you forgot the 2 methods of placenta separation, if that's the case here is the information to remind you.

There are 2 methods Namely Schultze and Mathews Dunkens Methods .

1. Schultze Method (Shiny / Fetal Surface First)
Key idea: Separation starts from the center of the placenta.
What happens:
-The placenta detaches centrally first.
-Blood collects behind the placenta before it comes out.
-The fetal surface (shiny side) appears first at the v***a.
-Membranes come out neatly like an inverted umbrella.
Clinical features:
+ Less visible bleeding initially (concealed behind placenta).
+ Delivery looks cleaner and smoother.
+Common in normal placental separation.
NB; “Shiny side shows first — separation starts from the center.”

2. Mathews Duncan Method (Rough / Maternal Surface First)
Key idea: Separation starts from the edge (margin) of the placenta.
What happens:
-The placenta separates from the edge first.
-Blood escapes immediately and continuously.
-The maternal surface (rough, red side) appears first.
- Membranes come out irregularly and may tear.
Clinical features:
-More visible bleeding (external).
-Delivery appears messier.
-Higher chance of retained membrane fragments.
NB; “Dirty rough side shows first — separation starts from the edge.”

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