Never Give up Academy - School of Excellence

A large 2013 U.S. meta-analysis, published in the prestigious Clinical Psychology Review, reviewed studies published between 1972 and 2010 involving 10,232 children and adolescents, examining the association between exposure to lead and ADHD. The analysis observed an association between inattention symptoms and lead exposure as well as a similar association between hyperactivity/impulsivity symptoms and lead exposure.

Overall, the authors concluded that "the relation between lead exposure and ADHD symptoms was similar in magnitude to the relation between lead exposure and decreased IQ and between lead exposure and conduct problems." Decreased IQ and conduct problems are two well-established adverse effects associated with lead exposure.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23419800/

In 2018, researchers examined the association between exposure to cadmium, lead, and mercury and ADHD in school children. After analyzing the results from 29 patients with ADHD inattentive type, 47 patients with ADHD hyperactivity/impulsivity type, and 46 healthy control children, the authors concluded that "lead and cadmium were associated with susceptibility to ADHD and symptom severity in school-age children. Eliminating exposure to heavy metals may help to prevent neurodevelopmental disorders in children."

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6025252/

Charly Palmer, American
THE BALLOT BOX

I finally finished my Pen Drawing

The Ones We Must Find (2026)

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Commission of Gender Equality is hiring 🔌🔌🔌

Deadline: 22 June 2026

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