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12/01/2021

The Present Perfect Tense refers to actions or periods.of time that have lasted from some time in the past up to now ( up to the time of speaking or writing); and to actions that have just ended. Use HAVE or HAS a past participle.
The Present Perfect Tense
(a) I HAVE just SEEN a lion. ( = just now)
(b) Have you ever seen a lion ? ( = ever up to now )
(c) Ben HAS never SEEN a lion. ( = never up to now)
(d) We have seen ten lions this week. ( = up to now)
(e) HAVE you DONE your homework? ( = already up to now)
(f) I have not yet done mine. ( = not yet up to now)
(g) We HAVE BEEN there twice since Sunday. ( = from Sunday up to now)
The Present Perfect Continuous
This tense is used to emphasize the fact that actions that have lasted up to now are still continuing. Use HAVE BEEN or HAS BEEN and a present participle
(a) I HAVE BEEN WAITING for an hour already ( and I am still waiting).
(b) He HAS BEEN PESTERING us for days ( and he is still pestering us).
The Past Perfect Tense
This tense is used for actions that had ended before some other actions in the past commenced.
(a) He ran away after he HAD BROKEN the window. ( Use had and a past participle)
(b) She asked him what he HAD DONE the night before
The Past Perfect Continuous
This tense stresses continuance of action that had already lasted up to a certain point of time in the This tense stresses continuance of action that had already lasted up to a certain point of time in the past.
(a) It HAD BEEN RAINING for days when the dam burst. ( Use HAD BEEN and a present participle)
(b) When I saw him at the bus stop he told me that he HAD BEEN WAITING for half an hour ( and he was still waiting).
THIS IS THE END OF TENSES.

28/09/2020

THE TENSES IN ENGLISH (Continued)*
The SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE.
Note: Use SHALL for I and WILL for all other persons for future tense verbs that do not express intention, determination, promise or threat.
THE COLOURED FUTURE
(a) I will beat him. We will beat him. ( a THREAT)
(b) I will go. Nobody shall stop me. ( expressing DETERMINATION)
(c) I will help you, We will help you. ( expressing a PROMISE)
(d) You (he, she, it, they) shall do as we tell them to do. ( expressing, determination or threat)
Note: Use WILL for I and WE, and SHALL for all other persons for future tense verbs when expressing determination, promise, intention, or threat. In Morden English MUST or HAVE TO are used instead of SHALL in sentences as in number (d).
THE NEAR FUTURE
( Sometimes present Continuous verbs refer to the near future.)
(a) I AM GOING home tomorrow. He (she, it ) IS GOING too. We (you, they) ARE GOING to the seaside on Saturday.
(Use AM, ARE or IS and a present participle when referring to the near future.)
(b) I AM PLAYING tennis this afternoon. What are you doing this afternoon? Dick is coming over this evening. He and Sally are giving a party.
(Sometimes present continuous verbs refer to the near future.)
THE FUTURE PERFECT TENSE
Note: Use WILL HAVE or SHALL HAVE and a past participle when referring to an action that will have ended at some specific time in the future
(a) I (we) SHALL HAVE FINISHED by that time tomorrow.
(b) He (she, it, you, they) WIL HAVE SEEN enough by that time.
THE FUTURE CONTINUOUS
Note: This tense is used to express Continuance of action at some specific time in the future. Use SHALL BE or WILL BE and a present participle.
(a) We SHALL BE LYING on the beach this time tomorrow.
(b) They WILL BE HAVING supper when we arrive this evening.

27/09/2020

THE TENSES IN ENGLISH.
The simple Present Tense
Is used to express present conditions and actions; habitual actions; general and universal truths. eg.
(a) He SEES it.
He SMELLS it.
They see it now.
(b) Bill SMOKES.=He is a smoker.
Max DRINKS =He is a drinker.
(c) The sun RISES in the east.
(d)Bill DOES NOT DRINK.
Max DOES NOT SMOKE.
any questions?
THE SIMPLE PAST TENSE
it refers to actions and conditions that started and ended in the past.
The second principal part of the verb is in the Simple Past Tense. eg
(a) Yesterday he SWAM a kilometre.
{swim, SWAM, swum}
(b) She ATE too much yesterday.
{eat, ATE, eaten}
any questions?
The Present Continuous Tense.
it stresses continuance of action at the time of speaking or writing. eg.
(a) I AM LEARNING English. (now)
(b)He IS LEARNING English. (now)
(c) She IS LEANING.
(d) We ARE all LEARNING English.(now)
What are you doing (now)?
PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE.
it stresses continuance of action at a certain time in the past.
Use was or were and a preset participle. eg ( was practicing) or ( were practising)
(a) I saw him while he WAS PRACTISING.
(b) What WERE you DOING at that time..?
Learners I hope you have today lesson. 27/09/2020 THANKS

23/09/2020

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