EMT Safe Haven - Educational

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EMT Safe haven – DIET

For any stay home moms it is easy to give food every few hours, but for parents working and not at home most of the day this could assist them.

(PLEASE TAKE NOTE: Baby porridges (Nestum/Cerelac/Purity
These baby porridges CAN NOT supplement the fresh fruit/vegetables and proteins your monkey needs daily!!
In other words, they can NOT only get baby cereals. Not healthy)

We suggest you steam the various vegetables as it contains most of the nutrition

At EMT Safe haven we do not use ANY minerals or vitamins for our monkey children! The only products we do use are the Protexin, Collodial silver, and or Echina force. (Only when needed)

Breakfast 06h00
Oats - Blend fruits of choice with a blender, NO sugar, milk, Honey, salt, etc. Purely just the oats and the fruit. Add water to determine the consistency of the porridge. Must be a smooth, runny texture (Please see recipe at the bottom of page)

(1 Hour later 07h00) - 2 Bowls - 1 = 3/4 different Fruit with yogurt, and 1= Vegetables & protein
Yogurt is also good source of Probiotics!! (If it contains live enzymes)

FRUIT BOWL: Dice fruits up in small cubes (Apple, pear, banana, and or any other fruit in season) Fruit salad. We add their yogurt with the fruit. NO GRAPES!! To sweet. We use between 4 & 5 fruits daily

List of fruits;
Apples, pears, bananas, strawberries, Blueberries, Dragon fruit, paw paw, mango, Sharon fruit, oranges, berries, oranges, naartjies, spanspek, watermelon, (NOT for diabetic monkeys) Kiwi fruit, figs, litchis, etc)

FOOD BOWL
We steam the vegetables as it contains most of the goodies/nutrients.

Cauliflower, Broccolli, Baby marrow, beans (sometimes we give fresh beans and other times we steam the beans) Sweet potato, Carrots, pumpkin, hubbard squash, (the seeds from the squash or pumpkin they also love!) spinach (We steam the stems, they love it) Green/red or yellow peppers diced up in small cubes or small thin strips

List of Vegetables:
Mushrooms, Carrots, Brussel sprouts, Cauliflower, Sweet potato, Baby marrows, green beans, peas, broccoli, Pumpkin, white corn (Yellow to sweet) Carrots, Squash, butternut, green/red/yellow peppers, once a while – potato, cucumber, spinach and specifically spinach stems, table celery, beetroot, lettuce, Eggplant, Turnip. etc)
The greener the food the healthier!

THIS DIET IS NOT SAFE FOR DIABETIC MONKEYS!
(Please inquire about diabetic Diet)

Then please avoid at ALL times:
NO ONION! / GARLIC! / AVOS (Especially the shiny skin avo) / CHILLIS / PEPPER / CURRY / AROMAT / SPICES / SALT/ ANY PROCESSED FOODS (Give fresh) / NO PORK!


Proteins we use Chicken necks, boiled eggs, cheddar cheese, scrambled eggs, Lintels, and bean sprouts. We give protein twice a day

DO NOT GIVE RAW EGGS! (Only Quail eggs can be given raw)

To give u an idea about protein I have included our schedule for protein. Important that they get their protein in. A minimum of 30% of their daily intake could be Protein!!

Morning Afternoon
Monday: Chicken necks Boiled eggs
Tuesday Scrambled eggs Lentils/Chickpeas
Wednesday Chicken necks Boiled eggs
Thursday Scrambled eggs Lentils/Chickpeas
Friday Chicken necks Boiled eggs
Saturday Scrambled eggs Lentils/Chickpeas
Sunday Chicken necks Boiled eggs

Other proteins can also be given, ie, Baby hake deboned, chicken hearts, chicken necks, chicken liver, chicken feet, Nuts, Cheddar cheese, a variety of beans...

NOT a good idea to give Crabsticks as they use colorants. If u use crab sticks cut away the pink

Insects; Mealworms, crickets, etc. Also take note that Mealworms/super worms have: Higher fat ratio than protein

NO Cockroaches PLEASE!!

FRESH WATER IS VERY IMPORTANT!!
Bowl or dripper with fresh water twice a day!! No juice or cool drinks etc. What you can give is tea without milk and with a dash of honey

SECOND FEED - 12h30 to 13h30
We do a top-up of the above-mentioned foods only, and also with afternoon protein top-up.... we do not give fruit or yogurt again. Just vegetables and protein. Afternoon we give treats like mealworms, crickets, etc. We also give provita and Marie biscuits.

They manage to also catch a lot of insects coming through the mesh

We avoid the following at all costs:
1. Sweets, chocolates
2. Simba chips/other crisps
3. Pasta or spaghetti (Has no nutritional value)
4. Coke/Coffee/Tropica/other juices
5. Avocados/Garlic/Onions/Chillis/Pepper/Curry
6. Biltong
7. Braaivleis
8. Any fast foods, ie, Pizza, burgers, etc
9. Salt, spices & Sugar
10. ANY processed foods/meats like Polony, Russians, Vienna, etc
11. Milk

EMT Safe haven Marmoset porridge -
For monkeys who get sufficient direct daily sunlight
(Healthier option than the Cerelac or Nestum products)

* Jungle Oats - Good Fibre!
* Bananas
* Pear
* Gum acacia
* 1/4 teaspoon Calcium (Eggshell crushed)
* Sprinkle Flaxseed powder
* Sprinkle Kelp

1. Cook oats in water (microwave for 4-5 minutes)
2. Add oats to the bowl, and add banana and pear. (Or another choice of fruits)

Add the sprinkle of Gum, Calcium, Flaxseed, and kelp, and mix
thoroughly in a blender. The banana and pear are just to add some natural sugar to the porridge.
No sugar/milk added!!
You can use other fruit to blend with Oats.
(Replaces sugar or honey)

If your monkey does not get sufficient direct sunlight, please add Vitamin D3 drops, and also Milk thistle for assistance. Not a cure though...No substitute for direct sunlight.

• Milk thistle does support the liver and Mirracote supports

Hypoglycemia - Blood sugar TO low

Is a condition in which your blood sugar (glucose) level is lower than the standard range. Glucose is your body's main energy source.

Hypoglycemia is often related to diabetes treatment. But other drugs and a variety of conditions — many rare — can cause low blood sugar in people who don't have diabetes.

Monkeys with diabetes get hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) when their bodies don't have enough sugar to use as fuel.
It can happen for several reasons, including diet, some medications and conditions, and exercise

(As per vet: Sugar count must be between 5 to 8)

Hyperglycemic - Blood sugar too high

Blood sugar control is at the center of any diabetes treatment plan. High blood sugar, or hyperglycemia, is a major concern and can affect people with both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. There are two main kinds:

Fasting hyperglycemia. This is blood sugar for patients who have diabetes that's higher than 130 mg/dL (milligrams per deciliter) after not eating or drinking for at least 8 hours.
Postprandial or after-meal hyperglycemia. This is blood sugar that's higher than 180 mg/dL 2 hours after you eat. People without diabetes rarely have blood sugar levels over 140 mg/dL after a meal, unless it’s really large.
Frequent or ongoing high blood sugar can cause damage to your nerves, blood vessels, and organs. It can also lead to other serious conditions. People with type 1 diabetes are prone to a build-up of acids in the blood called ketoacidosis.

If you have type 2 diabetes or if you’re at risk for it, extremely high blood sugar can lead to a potentially deadly condition in which your body can’t process sugar. It's called hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic syndrome (HHNS). You’ll p*e more often at first, and then less often later on, but your urine may become dark and you could get severely dehydrated.

It's important to treat symptoms of high blood sugar right away to help prevent complications.

Compliments: Webmd

Welfare of primates: physical health
(Nidirect)

Advice on how to keep your primate healthy - including information on signs of good and bad health and possible causes of illness.
Contents
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Signs of good and bad health
Repeated bouts of illness
Weight and body condition
Physical mobility and flexibility
Oral and dental health
Signs of good and bad health
Keepers of primates should be able to recognise signs of good and poor physical health in the animals they keep. This requires a great deal of time, skill and experience, as primates will often hide signs of illness.

Physical and mental health are closely linked. For instance, chronic stress is known to affect immunological responses, making animals more sensitive to illness, as well as reproductive performance, survival of young, body condition and a host of other factors.

Keepers should be registered with a veterinary practice that has specialist knowledge of the species kept. A veterinary health plan is recommended, and keepers should contact their veterinary adviser at once about disease or injury.

Advice on keeping care plans and health plans for your primate:

Welfare of primates: care plans and records
Herpes and primates
The herpes simplex virus, present in humans with cold sores, is often fatal to marmosets and tamarins if infected. Keepers susceptible to cold sores should not keep such species. The virus may also pose a very serious risk to some other New World primates and to lemurs. Contact between people with cold sores and primates (including food preparation) must always be avoided.

Some species of primate can carry diseases which may be harmless to them, but deadly to other primate species. There is a particular risk of disease transmission between Old World (native to Africa/Asia) and New World primates (native to Central and South America).

Scars/ physical marks on primates
Primates should be free of significant or persistent physical injuries, in particular injuries that require surgical intervention.

Minor 'battle scars' are a natural consequence of social interactions and the development of hierarchies. Potential causes of injury in captive primates include falls, inappropriate furnishings, falling branches, aggressive interaction and so on.

It is important that social groups are managed to encourage stability and compatibility, and that enclosure design minimises risk of physical harm to animals. However, consideration should be given to removing from groups those individuals that are damaged by constant bullying, and rehousing them in more suitable groups.

You should consider the following:

regular animal checks
veterinary care
enclosure furnishings
enclosure design
group composition
changes to group composition
Physical discomfort and pain in primates
All primates should be free of avoidable physical discomfort and pain.

Signs of discomfort and pain include loss of appetite, hair-plucking in specific locations of pain, self-mutilation, change in social position within the group, specific vocalisations, unusual posture and activity, withdrawal from the group, unresponsiveness, and other signs inappropriate to the species.

Ageing primates and those that have suffered from injuries may have arthritis and other manifestations of age and experiences. Management of unavoidable discomfort and pain is essential, and a part of a veterinary health plan.

Primates will often mask signs of pain, and so careful vigilance is required to spot these signs, particularly before they become too severe.

The vast majority of primates evolved in tropical climates. This should be taken into consideration when designing housing, to avoid discomfort by making sure temperature, humidity and light levels are suitable. This will include year-round heating and may require more (artificial full-spectrum) light in winter and masking natural light in the summer.

You should consider the following to to keep your primate healthy and make sure your primate has a good physical environment:

environmental conditions
enclosure size
enclosure furnishings
shelter
enclosure location
Signs of ill-health
Primates should be free of both infectious and non-infectious diseases and signs of ill-health.

Behavioural signs of ill-health include:

not eating
eating less or sometimes over-eating
not drinking or drinking to excess
inactivity
hiding away, withdrawal and becoming unresponsive
Physical signs of ill-health include:

dehydration
poor body condition
poor coat condition
crouching/huddled posture
diarrhoea and vomiting
bloating
discharge from orifices
scratching too much and laboured breathing
Metabolic bone diseases may develop in primates if the diet is not properly balanced for:

protein
calcium
phosphorus
vitamin D3
Enclosures
Suitable enclosure size and design can help minimise the risks of parasitic infection and the spread of infectious disease. Care should be taken that vegetation within or near enclosures (including material falling from nearby trees) does not present a risk of poisoning.

Suitable environment for primates
Repeated bouts of illness
Repeated bouts of illness might mean that there's a more serious underlying problem, such as depressed immuno-competence that could be linked to chronic stress.

You should consider the following points to keep your primate healthy:

hygiene
contact with people
animal checks
veterinary health plan
veterinary screening
quarantine
enclosure furnishings
enclosure location
diet
Weight and body condition
Primates should be of a suitable weight and body condition for the species and individual. Animals should not be over- or under-weight, lack muscle tone, or show skeletal abnormalities.

Primates should forage for food, requiring mental and physical effort. Commercial food is readily available, and it should be presented so as to encourage foraging behaviour.

Calorific content of the diet, the amount fed, as well as the quality of the diet, can lead to weight and nutritional problems. Behavioural problems may also arise from boredom if the animal spends too little time foraging. Regular monitoring of body weight is essential. Keepers need to know the normal range for individual animals, taking account of their age and dietary needs.

Insufficient quality of the diet (specifically vitamin deficiencies) is known to be associated with the development of a range of health problems, including metabolic bone diseases such as rickets. Inappropriate diets often lead to diabetes in privately kept primates.

Welfare of primates: the need for a suitable diet
You should consider the following to make sure your primate maintains a healthy weight:

animal health checks
veterinary health plan
veterinary screening
diet
enclosure size
enclosure furnishings
environmental enrichment
Physical mobility and flexibility
Primates should display a suitable degree of physical mobility and flexibility that's typical of the species.

Primates in captivity can develop conditions such as metabolic bone disease, 'cage paralysis', as a result of a poor diet or inadequate housing. Such conditions can impair mobility and flexibility, and cause deformities of the skeleton.

Exposure to natural light, suitable for the species, aids the production of vitamin D3. New World species in particular require daylight to avoid these problems. Keepers should be aware of natural reductions in mobility associated with ageing.

You should consider the following to make sure your primate maintains suitable physical mobility and flexibility:

diet
enclosure location
enclosure size
enclosure furnishings
environmental enrichment
Oral and dental health
All primates should have good oral and dental health.

Problems with oral health and tooth decay can develop in captive primates, primarily as a result of an inappropriate diet. Monitoring is an essential part of husbandry, to make sure good health is maintained and that rapid treatment is given, if necessary.

You should consider the following to make sure your primate maintains good oral health:

animal checks and veterinary health plan
diet
environmental enrichment

When your monkey child not looking him/herself, get one of these digital thermometers from Dischem. They cost R59-99 and works very well!

When you take your monkeys temperature, ideally it must be between 37.5 and 38.5 degrees.

When Temperature below 37.5 degrees, (especially below 36 degrees) make sure your monkey is kept warm (Electric blanket/red light etc.

When Temperature above 38.5 degrees and especially over 38.9 degrees, your monkey child has a fever.

In both instances, below or above ideal temperature, one should make appointment to see Exotic Veterinary Dr asap to determine the cause and also to get the correct treatment needed.

With our Monkey children I always have a rule....The sooner the better! Do not delay as it can only get worse, and also see a Dr who really knows our monkey children.

Only Dr to prescribe medicines and dosage, not to be done by yourself or by guessing.

By taking their temperature, it is a very good indication/confirmation that something is up with your monkey child.

If the temperature is stable, between 37.5 and 38.5 degrees, and your monkey look a bit of, could be something they ate.

We use the thermometer with the monkeys rectally, as it gives a very accurate reading, which is very important. When you take the temperature, cover the monkey child in a blanket, turn monkey child upside down on your lap, and dip the tip of the thermometer into vaseline. Just a little bit and insert slowly into re**um. Only the tip of the thermometer! Hold the monkey child still while you wait for the reading. It will beep once complete.

VERY important!

When you take the temperature for one or more monkeys after each other, it is VITAL to clean the digital Thermometer before next use. If a Monkey have a infection and you don't clean, it could very well infect the next monkey!

To properly disinfect and clean, we use surgical spirits and cotton wool pads. (Also available at Dischem)

Activated charcoal is safe for most adults when used short-term.

Side effects of activated charcoal include constipation and black stools. More serious, but rare,side effects are a slowing or blockage of the intestinal tract, regurgitation into the lungs, and dehydration.

Although many monkey parents uses activated charcoal, please be advised to keep your monkeys hidrated!!

OVERVIEW INFORMATION
Common charcoal is made from peat, coal, wood, coconut shell, or petroleum. “Activated charcoal” is similar to common charcoal, but is made especially for use as a medicine. To make activated charcoal, manufacturers heat common charcoal in the presence of a gas that causes the charcoal to develop lots of internal spaces or “pores.” These pores help activated charcoal “trap” chemicals.

Orally, activated charcoal is used to treat poisonings, reduce phenytoin levels, reduce intestinal gas (flatulence), lower cholesterol levels, prevent diarrhea caused by the cancer drug irinotecan, reduce phosphate levels in dialysis, prevent hangover, calm upset stomach and treat bile flow problems (cholestasis) during pregnancy. Activated charcoal is also used topically in bandages for helping heal wounds and to improve the appearance of skin.
HOW DOES IT WORK?
Activated charcoal is good at trapping chemicals and prevents their absorption.

PLEASE do not let your Marmsoset or Tamarin monkeys come near your mouth.

Everybody (Human) have the herpes simplex virus.

Some people think it is cute for a Marmoset to kiss them or to take food from their mouth....IT IS THE WORST thing you can do!

Once contracted, it is a death sentence for your Marmoset or Tamarin...and they die a horrible and painful death.

The best thing you can do when your monkey has contracted the herpes virus and getting fits (Seizures in the brain) is to ask your Doctor to put him/her to sleep.... :-(

Your monkey at the stage of Seizures are suffering horribly!!

Please be responsible and avoid any contact with your mouth, glass, cup, eating utensils etc

And ESPECIALLY when you have a fever blister! Please do the right thing

We will soon resume to add more educational/informational documents :-)

What is black stool?

Black stool is a condition in which the f***s are very dark or black in color.

Black stool may be normal in some cases and caused by ingesting certain substances or medications, such as iron supplements.

However, black stool can also be caused by a serious condition, such as bleeding in the digestive tract caused by a peptic ulcer.

What is a stomach ulcer?
Stomach ulcers, which are also known as gastric ulcers, are painful sores in the stomach lining. Stomach ulcers are a type of peptic ulcer disease. Peptic ulcers are any ulcers that affect both the stomach and small intestines.

Stomach ulcers occur when the thick layer of mucus that protects your stomach from digestive juices is reduced. This allows the digestive acids to eat away at the tissues that line the stomach, causing an ulcer.

Stomach ulcers may be easily cured, but they can become severe without proper treatment