27/05/2026
Long before maps, borders or recorded history, humans were already living along the southern African coastline.
Today, much of that evidence lies underwater.
is one of AIMURE’s most important long-term underwater archaeological research initiatives discovered when Dr Bruno Werz unearthed an ancient hand axe from the depths of False Bay in 1995. It was focused on locating and studying submerged prehistoric landscapes off the coast of South Africa.
The project takes its name from the Nguni word “zembe”, meaning axe, after prehistoric stone tools discovered in Table Bay that are estimated to be between 300,000 and 1.5 million years old. These discoveries were internationally recognised as some of the oldest man-made objects ever found underwater.
What makes Operation Zembe remarkable is that it is not simply about artefacts. It is about reconstructing lost worlds.
During prehistoric periods, sea levels were dramatically lower than they are today. Vast coastal plains, once occupied by early humans and animals were eventually swallowed by the ocean. Operation Zembe sought to locate these drowned landscapes and better understand early human migration, climate change, survival and adaptation.
This is where marine science, archaeology, geology and history collide.
At AIMURE, we believe the ocean is not just a space for exploration, it is an archive of human memory.
Every dive has the potential to recover a fragment of humanity’s earliest story.
🌊 Learn more about AIMURE and its work: www.aimure.org
OceanScience HumanOrigins AfricanHistory ClimateResearch SouthAfrica Exploration
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