03/15/2021
Women’s History Month 2021
Mary Edwards Walker, M.D. (1832–1919) American Medal of Honor Recipient and Surgeon
Since 1861, the Medal of Honor has been awarded more than 3,000 times, but to only one woman. In 1865, Dr. Mary Walker received the medal for her courage treating patients on the battlefield and for her bravery as a prisoner during the Civil War. She was 33 years old.
In 1855, she earned her medical degree and started a medical practice. She then volunteered with the Union Army at the outbreak of the American Civil, even though at the time women physicians were considered unfit for the Union Army Examining Board. After crossing enemy lines to treat wounded civilians, Dr. Walker was captured by Confederate forces. She was a prisoner of war until released in a prisoner exchange.
In 1917, when she was 84 years old, the military split the Medal of Honor rolls into separate lists for Army and Navy. Dr. Walker’s medal was revoked, along with 900 others. She refused to return her medal and continued to wear it. 51 years later, Jimmy Carter posthumously restored her Medal of Honor. It is now proudly displayed at the Pentagon.