The Movement Basics

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Anatomy of the Plantar Fascia: Analysis by Physio Meets Science

👉 The plantar aponeurosis (PA) originates from the calcaneal tubercle and extends to the forefoot. The aponeurosis consists of a medial, central and lateral part. The medial and lateral parts attach to the abductor hallucis and the musculus abductor digiti quinti pedis, respectively. These parts are usually categorized as “fascia”. The central part is thicker and is considered an “aponeurosis” (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK526043/).

👉 As the central aponeurosis extends towards the forefoot, it divides into five separate bundles. These bundles radiate towards and attach through the plantar plates to the proximal phalanges (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12831690/, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/13129168/). Most anatomic studies of the PA have focused on its attachment to the calcaneus. Detailed descriptions of each central PA bundle are rare.

👉 There is dorsiflexion of the metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joints during walking. The PA tightens via a windlass mechanism first described by Hicks (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/13129168/). All five bundles contribute to raising the foot arch. It is not known whether dysfunction of only one central bundle could affect this mechanism.

📸 Picture: Great view of a dissection of the sole of the foot showing the anatomy of the plantar aponeurosis (PA).

1. Longitudinal digital tracts of the PA.

2. Abductor digiti quinti muscle.

3. Lateral component of the PA.

4. Central component of the PA.

5. Medial component of the PA.

- Physio Meets Science

📘 Source: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1268773121000023

↕️ Baseball and softball athletes who are capable of generating more vertical force generally have the potential to achieve higher velocities from the mound or batter’s box.

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💣 33” from a high school shortstop here!

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