PASS NCLEX RN PN

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06/29/2026

Angina ゚ ゚

06/29/2026

CPR ゚ ゚

06/26/2026

Atrial fibrillation (AFib) produces an irregularly irregular rhythm with no consistent pattern.

The atria quiver instead of contracting effectively, causing blood to pool and increasing the risk of blood clot formation. These clots can travel to the brain and cause a stroke.

Common symptoms include palpitations, fatigue, shortness of breath, dizziness, and chest discomfort.

Treatment focuses on rate control using medications such as beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, or Digoxin, along with anticoagulation to prevent stroke using medications such as Apixaban, Rivaroxaban, or Warfarin.

NCLEX Pearls:
Irregularly irregular rhythm = Think AFib.
AFib increases the risk of stroke, so anticoagulation is often indicated.
Monitor for signs of stroke: balance problems, vision changes, facial drooping, arm weakness, and speech difficulty.

Memory trick: AFib = Atria Fluttering → Forms clots → Anticoagulants prevent stroke. ゚ ゚

06/26/2026

Atrial fibrillation (AFib) produces an irregularly irregular rhythm with no consistent pattern.

The atria quiver instead of contracting effectively, causing blood to pool and increasing the risk of blood clot formation. These clots can travel to the brain and cause a stroke.

Common symptoms include palpitations, fatigue, shortness of breath, dizziness, and chest discomfort.

Treatment focuses on rate control using medications such as beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, or Digoxin, along with anticoagulation to prevent stroke using medications such as Apixaban, Rivaroxaban, or Warfarin.

NCLEX Pearls:
Irregularly irregular rhythm = Think AFib.
AFib increases the risk of stroke, so anticoagulation is often indicated.
Monitor for signs of stroke: balance problems, vision changes, facial drooping, arm weakness, and speech difficulty.

Memory trick: AFib = Atria Fluttering → Forms clots → Anticoagulants prevent stroke.

06/26/2026

Hypertensive crisis is a severely elevated blood pressure that may present with:

* Severe headache
* Chest pain
* Neurologic symptoms (confusion, weakness, difficulty speaking, seizures)
* Visual changes (blurred vision or vision loss)
* Shortness of breath

NCLEX tip: If a patient with very high blood pressure has any signs of target organ damage (brain, heart, kidneys, or eyes), treat it as an emergency. The priority is to:

* Assess vital signs and neurologic status.
* Notify the provider or activate the emergency response as appropriate.
* Administer prescribed IV antihypertensive medications (not oral medications) for a hypertensive emergency.
* Lower blood pressure gradually, not rapidly, to avoid reducing blood flow to vital organs.

Memory trick: “High BP + BAD symptoms = BAD emergency.”

* Brain: headache, confusion, stroke symptoms
* Angina: chest pain
* Distorted vision: blurred vision/vision loss

06/26/2026

Hypertensive crisis is a severely elevated blood pressure that may present with:

* Severe headache
* Chest pain
* Neurologic symptoms (confusion, weakness, difficulty speaking, seizures)
* Visual changes (blurred vision or vision loss)
* Shortness of breath

NCLEX tip: If a patient with very high blood pressure has any signs of target organ damage (brain, heart, kidneys, or eyes), treat it as an emergency. The priority is to:

* Assess vital signs and neurologic status.
* Notify the provider or activate the emergency response as appropriate.
* Administer prescribed IV antihypertensive medications (not oral medications) for a hypertensive emergency.
* Lower blood pressure gradually, not rapidly, to avoid reducing blood flow to vital organs.

Memory trick: “High BP + BAD symptoms = BAD emergency.”

* Brain: headache, confusion, stroke symptoms
* Angina: chest pain
* Distorted vision: blurred vision/vision loss
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06/26/2026

Heart failure (HF)

* The heart cannot pump enough blood to meet the body’s oxygen and nutrient needs.

Left-sided heart failure = Lungs

* Pulmonary congestion
* Crackles
* Dyspnea (shortness of breath)
* Orthopnea (difficulty breathing when lying flat)
* Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea (waking up gasping for air)

Memory trick: Left = Lungs

Right-sided heart failure = Rest of the Body

* Peripheral edema (swollen legs/ankles)
* Hepatomegaly (enlarged liver)
* Jugular venous distention (JVD)
* Ascites (fluid in the abdomen)

Memory trick: Right = Rest of the Body

S3 Gallop

* A classic sign of heart failure due to fluid overload.
* Memory trick: S3 = CHF

Nursing Interventions

* Daily weights (best indicator of fluid status)
* Sodium restriction
* Fluid restriction if prescribed

Sudden Weight Gain

* Suggests fluid retention, not fat gain.
* Report:
* More than 2–3 lb (1 kg) in 24 hours
* More than 5 lb (2–3 kg) in one week ゚ ゚

06/26/2026

Myocardial infarction (MI) commonly presents with crushing or pressure-like chest pain that may radiate to the left arm, jaw, neck, shoulder, or back. It is often associated with:

* Shortness of breath
* Sweating (diaphoresis)
* Nausea or vomiting
* Dizziness or lightheadedness

NCLEX tip: Not all patients have classic crushing chest pain. Women, older adults, and people with diabetes may present with atypical symptoms such as fatigue, shortness of breath, nausea, or upper back pain.

Memory aid: OPQRST

* O – Onset (sudden)
* P – Provocation (usually not relieved by rest)
* Q – Quality (crushing, pressure, squeezing)
* R – Radiation (left arm, jaw, neck, back)
* S – Severity (often severe)
* T – Time (typically lasts >20 minutes)
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06/26/2026

Follow my tiktok ゚ ゚

06/04/2026

Nursing implications for the preschool child (3-6 years)

Child stands erect with a more slender posture

Thinking is egocentric & concrete

A child learns sexual identity and ma********on is normal

Imaginary playmates & fears are common

Explain the child did not cause the illness and painful procedures are not punishments

Therapeutic medical play with the equipment

They need to be prepared for procedures and understand what is going to be “fixed”

Pictures and dolls can be used

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