09/30/2026
On September 30, 1937, the aircraft carrier USS Yorktown (CV-5) was commissioned at Naval Operating Base Norfolk, Virginia, with Capt. Ernest D. McWhorter in command. She was the lead ship of a new class of carriers that would help define American naval aviation on the eve of World War II.
No one standing on her flight deck that day could know how quickly she would be tested, or how large a role she would play in proving that the aircraft carrier had become one of the most important weapons in modern naval warfare.
Yorktown had been laid down at Newport News Shipbuilding in 1934 and launched on April 4, 1936, sponsored by First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt. At commissioning she displaced about 19,800 tons, measured more than 800 feet long, and could make better than 32 knots. Her air group could number more than 80 aircraft, giving the Navy a fast, mobile striking force built around aviation rather than battleship guns.
In the years before America entered World War II, Yorktown trained intensively and took part in major fleet exercises designed to test how carriers might be used in a future war. Those lessons would become brutally important after Pearl Harbor.
Yorktown’s wartime career would be short, but extraordinary. In early 1942 she participated in raids against Japanese-held islands in the Pacific before playing a central role in the Battle of the Coral Sea, where her aircraft helped stop the Japanese advance toward Port Moresby. Damaged in that battle, Yorktown returned to Pearl Harbor for hurried repairs and was sent back to sea in time for Midway.
There, aircraft from Yorktown, Enterprise and Hornet helped destroy four Japanese fleet carriers in one of the decisive naval battles of the war. Yorktown herself was struck repeatedly by Japanese aircraft, later torpedoed by the submarine I-168, and finally sank on June 7, 1942. She earned three battle stars during a combat career measured in months rather than years.
Her name did not disappear, though. While the war was still raging, the new Essex-class carrier originally named Bon Homme Richard was renamed Yorktown (CV-10) in honor of the ship lost at Midway.