05/22/2020
Happy Global Accessibility Awareness Day (May 21, 2020)!
This year especially, Accessibility Awareness is a paramount priority for millions of students with disabilities who now need to learn solely through digital means. Although the VI Consortium at Mason focuses on blindness and vision impairment, here are five tips to promote learning for students with and without disabilities in online learning environments.
1. Document Accessibility and Universal Design for Learning (UDL): Learn to integrate accessibility in digital files you post for students to access. Multiple free trainings exist to help teachers author accessible materials. It is not hard, and it promotes greater access and independence for your students who are blind, visually impaired, have dyslexia, reading disabilities, convergence insufficiency, and other disabilities. Also integrating UDL into virtual classrooms promotes a more equitable learning experience for all.
• Quick tip to start now: do not take images of text to post in your documents and messages! Copy the text in directly. A screen capture of text does not allow your students to read it with their technology and does not allow changing of font sizes and styles. Students who need materials in various formats, such as electronic braille or enlarged print, can have better access to the information and it eliminates the need for another teacher to retro-fit accessibility in the document.
Want to learn more? Lots of options exist, such as Microsoft training for teachers to author accessible content and the framework for Universal Design for Learning
2. Orient and Organize: Orient your students to their online classroom and create plans to help your students organize learning to a digital environment. Individual students may need focused sessions and instruction on how to navigate their online classrooms depending on circumstances.
Below is an abbreviated list of skills needed for online learning that some students with disabilities will access with a mouse, keyboard commands, gestures, and various assistive technologies. Consider goals related to these tasks to enhance students’ skill as online learners and break down instruction on these skills into manageable lessons:
• Launch the online classroom
• Login to the online classroom
• Navigate around the screen: focus on the key items found around the digital classroom and use a pattern to help orient your students
• Customize settings and accessibility options within a digital classroom, web-browser, or app
• Download and organize classroom content
• Open, create, edit, navigate, save documents and assignments
• Launch, pause, rewind and fast forward videos and methods to access synchronous course recordings to review content
• Follow links to external sites and navigate a variety of websites
• Submit assignments
• Access graded assignments and any feedback provided
• Access, read, and post on discussion boards or other classroom social media experiences
• Access to the classroom calendar, or another digital or paper planner, to set reminders and alerts for synchronous sessions, manage due dates, and track related service appointments and so much more.
• Procedures for how and where to ask questions
• Launch and login to synchronous web-conference programs, use mouse, keyboard commands, gestures, and other methods to mute and unmute microphone, turn on/off we**am, virtually raise hand, post in chat box, communicate through polls and emojis, access captioning and ASL services.
• Methods to manage synchronous and asynchronous course requirements. Some students may need graphic organizers, prompts, electronic alerts, and clear schedules to help them differentiate between synchronous and asynchronous tasks and assignments and those that are required and optional. Many online classrooms contain an abundance of resources that add to the complexity of the environment. Consider a simplified table or organizer that helps your student define required from optional.
3. Collaborate to create a resource bank. School technology departments and assistive technology specialists are key contributors to the success of our students with disabilities online. Often, these specialists are knowledgeable about different platforms and operating systems that will impact the way your students access online learning. Demonstrations, recordings, and published resource guides by AT specialists who have the various assistive technologies running on different systems assist students and parents with understanding how each technology works with various AT and platforms. Examples include:
• Demonstration and resource guide showing navigation and use of the classroom with:
• PC: screen readers (e.g. JAWS, NVDA), screen magnification, other AT, and accessibility options on different Windows’ platforms and browsers
• Mac: screen reader (e.g. Voiceover), screen magnification, other AT, and accessibility options on Mac operating systems and in different browsers
• Tablet and smartphone screen readers, magnification options, and other accessibility features within each main type of tablet and smartphone
4. Follow through and follow up: Are your students assignments provided in accessible format? Are your students completing assignments? Are they accessing the online assignments correctly? Have they generalized the skills to edit assignments from your initial demonstration? Do they know how to make customized changes that promote better visual access, decreased clutter, ease of navigation in the online classroom? If not, now is a good time to help your students practice and generalize these skills.
5. Follow FERPA: Students with special needs may need options aside from virtual office hours opened to all students in a class. In the event they need specific assistance on disability related needs, ensure your student has a confidential way to log in to communicate with you to get support and to discuss individual circumstances. Because we cannot guarantee confidentiality in open office hours made available to entire classes, consider creating and offering appointments online with individual students.
Accessibility includes so much more and is a fascinating topic for all teachers to explore to promote best learning for all students.
Want to learn more or curious how students who are blind and visually impaired access digital education? Contact the Virginia Consortium for Teacher Preparation in Vision Impairment. We offer coursework with a grant that covers up to 60% of tuition for Virginia educators! Email: [email protected]