08/22/2026
On August 1, members of the Northern Virginia Branch of ASALH visited Woodlawn and the Pope-Leighey House with the Greenwood Seneca Foundation. Our visit was designed as more than a tour: We were invited to listen critically, identify gaps, and consider how Woodlawn can more fully interpret African American history and engage Black visitors.
The afternoon moved quickly, and we left knowing that we had only scratched the surface.
Woodlawn is often introduced as the home of Eleanor “Nelly” Custis Lewis and Lawrence Lewis, designed by U.S. Capitol architect William Thornton. But the mansion was built largely through enslaved labor, and more than 90 people were enslaved during the Lewis family’s ownership.
In 1802, the Lewises inherited 37 people from the Custis estate. The historical record now allows us to recover some of their names: Hanson, an enslaved chef; Dolcey and Sukey, skilled seamstresses; and Peter, who fled in 1803 and may have successfully claimed his freedom. By 1839, the Lewis family had sent or sold 48 enslaved people to Louisiana, including Sukey and her children.
Woodlawn’s history did not end with slavery. Beginning in 1846, Quaker abolitionists attempted to establish a free-labor agricultural community alongside free Black farmers. Those communities built farms, schools, churches, and other institutions—only to face later displacement as the federal government expanded what became Fort Belvoir.
Woodlawn has begun the important work of broadening its interpretation. The challenge now is to slow the story down, name the people, follow the families, listen to descendants, and connect the mansion to the communities that surrounded it.
Read and explore:
SPLC article:
https://www.splcenter.org/resources/stories/virginia-plantations-story-focuses-on-formerly-enslaved-people/
Woodlawn’s history of slavery and resistance:
https://www.woodlawnpopeleighey.org/woodlawn-plantation
Current “Friends Gather Here” exhibition:
https://www.woodlawnpopeleighey.org/exhibits/2026/6/27/friends-gather-here-a-legacy-of-two-communities-at-woodlawn
Virginia Department of Historic Resources:
https://www.dhr.virginia.gov/historic-registers/029-0056/
Library of Congress photographs and measured drawings:
https://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/va0439/