09/27/2026
The more you know!
𦴠Thoracolumbar Spine Movements
β The thoracolumbar spine includes the lower thoracic and lumbar regions and plays an important role in posture, trunk movement, stability, and transferring forces between the upper and lower body.
β The spine can move in several directions, including flexion, extension, lateral flexion, and rotation.
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πΉ FlexionβExtension
β Flexion occurs when the trunk bends forward.
β Extension occurs when the trunk moves backward.
These movements are important for everyday activities such as:
β’ Bending down
β’ Standing upright
β’ Lifting objects
β’ Changing posture
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πΉ Lateral Flexion
β Lateral flexion means bending the trunk to either side.
β This movement involves coordinated motion of the vertebrae, discs, facet joints, and surrounding muscles.
Examples include:
β’ Reaching sideways
β’ Side-bending exercises
β’ Adjusting body position during walking and sports
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πΉ Rotation
β Rotation occurs when the trunk twists to the left or right.
β Thoracic vertebrae generally permit more rotation than the lumbar vertebrae because the lumbar facet joints restrict excessive twisting.
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β οΈ Why Is Spinal Mobility Important?
β Healthy spinal movement helps maintain:
β’ Good posture
β’ Functional mobility
β’ Balance and coordination
β’ Efficient movement during daily activities
β Pain, stiffness, disc problems, arthritis, muscle spasm, or injury may reduce the normal range of spinal movement.
π Note: Normal ranges of motion vary depending on the measurement method, age, flexibility, and whether the thoracic, lumbar, or combined thoracolumbar region is being measured. The angles shown in an illustration should therefore be treated as approximate rather than universal normal values.