03/12/2013
What is a Daily Diary Survey?
Social psychologists collect data in a number of ways. Survey methods are among the most common. Generally, surveys involve participants filling out questionnaires. Responses to single item questions are often indicated through the use of a numerical scale (e.g., “Please rate on a scale of 1 to 5…”) or a word-based scale (e.g., Very likely, somewhat likely, somewhat unlikely, very unlikely). Questionnaires can be long or short and can be taken on paper or on computers. Surveys can be pretty good indicators of what people are feel and believe.
Advances in technology have made computerized surveys increasingly common. Today people routinely get prompted to fill out surveys while they are surfing online, for example. Also, in malls or movie theaters, researchers can use electronic kiosks or tablets to administer surveys to participants in real-world locales and not just in the laboratory. The use of these techniques can help researchers reach participants in their natural settings.
The use of cell phones and specialized beepers in survey research is growing, too. Part of the popularity is due to being able to reach people at different times of the day. Might someone feel one way in the morning and a different way at night? How do people feel at different times of the day? What do people do during the day or night? These are questions that are best asked in the moment while everything is still fresh in a participant’s mind.
Daily diary studies have a similar goal in terms of reaching people in their natural settings and at a certain time of the day. Daily diary surveys are sent to participants daily and participants are asked to sit down and fill them out at the end of the day when reflecting on their day—much like one would do if journaling in a diary. When researchers ask participants to reflect on the week, some thoughts, observations and feelings people felt on certain days might get lost. But, when a researcher asks a participant to reflect on his or her day, more things are recalled more specifically. While studying peoples’ experiences in general or over the course of their lifetime is important, so too is looking at their individual experiences on a day-to-day basis. Daily diary surveys allow us to do just that.