Boldmethod

There are 12 categories for why a SPECI may be issued, with several sub-groups. You don't necessarily need to know each by heart, but understanding the general trend is important. SPECIs can indicate improving or degrading weather trends, so take a look at nearby airports or previous reports to compare the changes.

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When you're flying piston airplanes, there are a few specific things you should focus on when briefing your passengers...

6 Things You Should Brief With Passengers In Piston Airplanes When you're flying piston airplanes, there are a few specific things you should focus on when briefing your passengers.

During a bounce, it's not uncommon for you to hit the runway and be back in the air, 15 feet above the ground, wondering if you should save the landing or go-around. Instead of saving the landing, lower the nose slightly so you don't bounce any higher, add full power, and build speed during a gradual climb.

8 Times You Should Go-Around During Landing If something isn't working out, don't be afraid to go around and try again.

You're rolling into a steep turn, and you feel yourself pressed into the seat. It's not just you feeling it. Your airplane is too. It's called load factor, and here's how it works.

Load factor is the ratio of lift to weight, and it's measured in Gs. A load factor of 2 means your aircraft is producing twice as much lift as its weight. That causes you, and the airplane structure, to experience a 2G load.

There are two reasons it's important to understand load factor. First, it's possible to structurally overload your aircraft, causing it to bend or break. Second, as load factor increases, so does your stall speed. That means you can stall at speeds well above your published stall speed.

Read more here: https://www.boldmethod.com/learn-to-fly/aerodynamics/what-is-load-factor/

Flaps increase your wing's camber and surface area, which changes the lift and drag profile of your aircraft. Here's what's actually happening aerodynamically when you extend them.

How Do Flaps Work? What actually happens when you lower your flaps? You increase lift and induced drag for any given angle-of-attack. Here's why it happens.

Ground effect is a real aerodynamic phenomenon that reduces induced drag and increases lift when you're within one wingspan of the ground. Here's exactly why your plane floats during landing.

Ground Effect: Why Your Plane Floats During Landing If your approach to landing is too fast, ground effect can get the best of you, as you float, and float, and float down the runway.

A dry line is a boundary between moist and dry air masses. Unlike a cold or warm front, one airmass is not rapidly overtaking the other. Additionally, the temperature on either side of a dry line will be similar, meaning there isn't a large temperature gradient."

Dry Line: How It Forms Thunderstorms A dry line is a boundary between moist and dry air masses. Unlike a cold or warm front, one airmass is not rapidly overtaking the other.

A low altitude power loss is a time-critical emergency, especially on departure. Unless you've thoroughly planned an emergency landing point for departure (which you should do), the surprise of the engine failure will leave you with few landing options. Your initial reaction may be to return to the runway, which under some circumstances is acceptable. But more often than not, your safest option is to land somewhere straight ahead of you.

There's a lot that goes into the "impossible turn," so let's dig a little deeper.

Read more here: https://www.boldmethod.com/learn-to-fly/maneuvers/turn-back-to-the-runway-or-land-straight-ahead-decision/

When there's no SID and no ODP at your departure airport, you're expected to fly a diverse departure, but that doesn't mean there are no climb requirements. Here's what you need to know.

Can You Depart IFR From An Airport With No SID And No ODP? When can you start your on-course turn, and why? Here's how it works.