PSYCHPREP

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Time spent studying and EPPP score have a correlation of .3. How much of the variability in EPPP score can be accounted for by time spent studying?

1. 3%
2. 6%
3. 9%
4. 30%

Explanation: In order to determine the shared variability between two variables (i.e., how much the variability in one variable can be explained by the variability in another), the correlation coefficient must be squared. In this case time spent studying and EPPP score have a correlation coefficient of .3. To square .3, multiply it by itself (i.e., 3 x .3 = .09). Thus, it can be determined that 9% of the variability in EPPP score can be determined by time spent studying (Response 3, correct answer).

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Time spent studying and EPPP score have a correlation of .3. How much of the variability in EPPP score can be accounted for by time spent studying?

1. 3%
2. 6%
3. 9%
4. 30%

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You are doing an intake on a client who notes that he engages in cross-dressing. You would likely diagnose him with a paraphilic disorder in all of the following situations except when:

1. the cross-dressing resulted in legal problems.
2. the cross-dressing is interfering with his work functioning.
3. the cross-dressing has harmed a significant other.
4. the cross-dressing is intensely arousing and has been recurrent over a period of at least six months.

Commentary: Keep in mind that this question is asking for the exception. According to the DSM-5-TR, engaging in a paraphilia (e.g., cross dressing and finding it intensely arousing), in and of itself, is not considered a disorder (Response 4, correct answer). To be diagnosed with transvestic disorder, the cross-dressing must cause clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning (ruling out Responses 1, 2, & 3).

Question:

You are doing an intake on a client who notes that he engages in cross-dressing. You would likely diagnose him with a paraphilic disorder in all of the following situations except when:

1. the cross-dressing resulted in legal problems.
2. the cross-dressing is interfering with his work functioning.
3. the cross-dressing has harmed a significant other.
4. the cross-dressing is intensely arousing and has been recurrent over a period of at least six months.

A common phenomenon that occurs for many Americans is an increase in heart rate while hearing "The Star Spangled Banner." This is best explained by:

1. classical conditioning
2. operant conditioning
3. observational learning
4. superstitious behavior

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For a person to be diagnosed with Tourette’s disorder they must present with:

1. at least one vocal tic.
2. at least one motor tic.
3. multiple vocal tics and at least one motor tic.
4. multiple motor tics and at least one vocal tic.

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During which stage of sleep do sleep terrors occur? During which stage of sleep do nightmares commonly occur?

1. Non-REM sleep; REM sleep
2. REM sleep; Non-REM sleep
3. Both occur during REM sleep
4. Both occur during Non-REM sleep

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A person with lesions in the parietal lobe is most likely to exhibit problems with:

1. sensation
2. balance
3. vision
4. language

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You reinforce a behavior on the average every fifth time it occurs. This is an example of a:

1. fixed interval schedule.
2. variable interval schedule.
3. fixed ratio schedule.
4. variable ratio schedule.

Commentary: This question requires careful reading as well as understanding of the differences between fixed and variable schedules, and between interval and ratio schedules. When a schedule is fixed, reinforcement is consistent; when a schedule is variable, reinforcement is unpredictable. The words “on the average” indicate a variable schedule (ruling out Responses 1 & 3). With interval schedules, reinforcement occurs based on the passage of time (e.g., every five seconds, five minutes, five days, etc.) (ruling out Response 2). With ratio schedules, reinforcement is based on the occurrence of the behavior (e.g., every five times a child makes her bed) (Response 4, correct answer).

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You reinforce a behavior on average every fifth time it occurs. This is an example of a:

1. fixed interval schedule.
2. variable interval schedule.
3. fixed ratio schedule.
4. variable ratio schedule.