10/09/2026
October is Dyslexia Awareness Month, and as an educational diagnostician, I get a LOT of questions about dyslexia.
When diagnosing dyslexia, I like to keep it simple. There are two key things I'm looking at:
1. What does the student's literacy profile look like?
When considering a student's literacy profile, I'm focusing on their "outcome skills." Outcome skills are specific reading and writing skills that can be easily observed and measured.
→ I'm looking at whether they can sound out words for reading and spelling (I look at their ability to read real words, nonsense words, and isolated spelling).
→ I'm looking at their overall fluency and automaticity for phonetically regular words (real and nonsense) as well as phonetically irregular words that they would need to rely on visual/orthographic memory to read. I'm also looking at connected text fluency here.
→ I'm looking at their reading comprehension.
From there, I essentially place them onto a grid using word recognition and comprehension on each axis. Dyslexia is specific to a decoding or word recognition need.
2. What do their foundational literacy abilities look like?
At this level, I want to understand the underlying neural processes.
→ I'm looking at their phonological awareness ability (and the automaticity of that skill)
→ I'm looking at their rapid naming ability (how quickly can they identify specific letter/number patterns?) This is part of orthographic awareness.
→ I'm looking at their underlying language abilities, including vocabulary (both receptive and expressive), listening comprehension ability, and oral expression.
If a student is struggling with automatic word recognition caused by difficulty in orthographic (visual) or phonological (sound) processing, they may have dyslexia.
Of course, we want to look at a complete battery of assessments as well as environmental factors, but this is my quick initial gut check.
If you're curious to learn more about dyslexia, comment "DYSLEXIA" and I'll send you a link to learn more about our Spotlight PD training on this.