07/20/2026
Proud to share our latest publication, now out in , "A systematic review and meta-analysis of biofilm-forming Salmonella across the farm-to-fork continuum".
How does this research advance food safety?
Biofilm-forming Salmonella aren't a bigger threat because they cause worse disease, biofilm doesn't increase virulence. They're a threat because they're survivors. Once Salmonella forms a biofilm, it becomes far more tolerant of disinfectants, sanitizers, desiccation, and antimicrobials, letting it persist on equipment and in processing environments long after routine cleaning, and repeatedly contaminate food moving through the chain.
Pulling together 88 studies and over 4,300 Salmonella isolates from animals, food, environments, and humans, this paper shows a clear, statistically significant pattern: biofilm-positive NTS prevalence was lowest in animal reservoirs (~58%) and rose steadily through food (~68%), and human sources (~73%).
The data don't trace a direct transmission path from a specific animal to a specific food to a specific human case, but the progressive, step-wise increase across the continuum is exactly what you'd expect to see if biofilm-forming strains are, in fact, the ones surviving each stage and moving forward. It's strong evidence that this enrichment is likely happening in the field, not just a statistical artifact.
This raises a practical question the field hasn't seriously asked:
why don't we routinely test whether Salmonella isolated during outbreak investigations, or recovered from food processing and production environments, is biofilm-forming? Doing so could flag high-persistence strains early, help predict contamination risk, and justify enhanced sanitation and biosecurity measures where they're needed most.
Our laboratory is already building toward that translationalsolution. We have developed a rapid, serotype-independent FTIR-based assay to detect biofilm-positive Salmonella. Check out our recent paper on this new discovery here: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.onehlt.2025.101004
A companion web app for widespread adoption is coming soon, part of our broader effort to strengthen surveillance tools that protect the U.S. food supply.
Great work, Dr.Asmita Shrestha!
Non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) remains a major cause of foodborne illness worldwide, and its persistence along the food-production continuum poses a significant public health challenge. Biofilm formation is an adaptive mechanism that enhances NTS survival and persistence outside the primary animal r...