Cologne City in Germany

Otherwise, this period is not marked by major events in the history of the city. During the Thirty Years' War, Cologne remained neutral, and later the Swedish army occupied only the right-bank towns, which are now recognized as the districts of Cologne. The Wittelsbach dynasty, jointly ruling Bavaria and the Palatinate, was established on the archbishopric throne; its representative, Clement August, built his magnificent residence in Brule near Cologne - the Augustusburg and Falkenlust palaces.

In 1584, a nuncio - the official embassy of the Pope - was opened in Cologne. After all, by that time, the Catholic Church had given the city the title of "saint" (sanctum), which, apart from Cologne, is held by only two cities: Rome and Constantinople. Despite this, due to the collapse of the Hanseatic League and the grueling Neuss War, the economic situation in the city worsens sharply. Even the construction of the half-finished cathedral was stopped, and the medieval lifting crane on one of the towers became a symbol of the city until the 19th century.

In 508, after more than half a century of rule by the Ripuarian Franks, Cologne fell to the Merovingian kingdom. Later, in 795, Charlemagne proclaimed Cologne an archbishopric, and his friend Hildebold the first archbishop. The Cologne archdiocese included the territories of northwestern Germany and the Netherlands. This high status determined the beginning of the construction of the first Cologne cathedral in the Romanesque style in 870. However, in 881, the city suffered a severe disaster — an attack by the Normans, who devastated Cologne and its surroundings.

The history of modern Cologne begins in 38 BC. e. from the base of the Oppidum Ubiorum (lat. Oppidum Ubiorum). This castrum was founded by Marcus Vipsani Agrippa, the commander of the emperor Augustus after the relocation to the left bank of the Rhine of the Germanic tribe of the Ubies, friendly to the Romans.

Cologne is located in a temperate climate zone. North-western winds prevail in the city, squally gusts often occur. In winter, the temperature rarely falls below 0 °C, frost occurs when cold air masses move from Scandinavia and Eastern Europe. Summer in the city is moderately warm. The spring is quite cool and long, in the autumn there are returns of heat up to November. The average annual amount of precipitation is 839 mm.

. The millionaire city of Cologne is the fourth most populous and third largest city in Germany, as well as one of the country's largest economic and cultural centers. In addition, Cologne is the largest center of a 10-million-strong super-agglomeration of the Rhine-Ruhr region and the center of a 2-million-strong monocentric agglomeration.