18/06/2023
Dalagaan mooska iyo geed miroodyada kale sida Cambaha, Canuuniga, Babaayga iyo nuucyada kale ee qudaarta sida Koostada, Bagalka, Yaanyada IWL. waxaa ku badan biyaha (High water moisture content), Geed miroodka biyaha kujuro waxaa lagu qayasaa 80-90% halka qudaarta lagu qayaaso wax ka badan biyaha kujuro 90%.
Biyahaas waxaa kaloo ku milan Sonkor, (Carbohydrates), Fitamiinis (Vitamins) Macdan (Minerals). Organic acids, anti-oxidants iyo nuucyada midabyada dhirta ee leedahay (plant pigments).
Marka waxaa dhoco isbadalo joogta ah marka laga soo bilaabo fruit setting (waa marka uu geedka keeno miro kadib marko dhaco falgal (Fertilization) ilaa ee miraha geedka ka bisladaan (fruit ripening).
Wax yaabaha isbadala waxaa kamida gidaarka geed miroodka in uu jilco (Fruit cell wall softening), in carbohydrates si toos isku badalo sucrose iyo fructose oo macaanka mirta siyaado, Ph asagane hoos u dhoco waxaa aragtaa Cambe macaan oo dhanaan yarna lasocdo, fitaminis iyo macdantane kukala bataan waxeyna ku xiran tahay nuuca geed miroodka, isbadala kale oo badan wey dhacaan marka uu siibislaadaba mirta (fruitka).
Waxaan sababa u ah isbadalka ku dhacaayo mirtaas;
1) Ethylene waa mid kamida hormoneska uu leeyahay geedka kaas oo masuul ka ah inee bislaato mirta iyo soo muuqashada midab yada kala gadisan ee mirta.
2) Temperature heer kulka asagane wuxuu aad u sameyaa isbadalka ku dhacaayo mirta asaga oo dadajinaayo falgalka.
Ethylene hormone iyo kuleelka sare (Temperature) waa labada sheey ee soodadajiya cimriga mirta iyo qudaarta (They reduce the shelf life of fruits and vegetables).
Maadaama ee tahay mirta mid ku dhacay isbadalo badan waxey aad ugu nugushay kuleelka badan (high temperature), Cudurada (Diseases), cayayaanka (Insects) iyo aqoon yarida habka loo xifdiyo geed miroodka iyo qudaarta (improper handling).
Marka si looga hortago inoo dhaco qasaaro dhanka tirada iyo tayada geed miroodka ( To prevent postharvest quantity and quality loss of fruits and vegetables). ayaa waxaa jiro cilmi dhan oo labarto oo layirahado Post-harvest technology of fruits and vegetables.
Dalaga walbane wuxuu leeyahay hannaan u gaar ah ee looga hortago inoo dhoco qasaare badan (huge loss after harvest).
Tusaale marka larabo in kor looqaado tirada (Quantity. tayada (Quality iyo cimri dheerida dalaga mooska (Banana shelf life). waxaa jiro farsamooyin badan oo la'isticmaalo.
Sida in lasameeyo
1) Pre-harvest managment of banana crop (Waa mareeynta dalaga mooska inta aan lasoo goosan, waa in loodhameystiraa wax walba uu baahan yahay dalaga inta uu kuyaalo beerta oo weliba si aqoon ku juro loowajaho (Sida waqtiga latalaalaayo mooska, daryeelka geedka si guud, waraabkisa, bacriminta, isticaamla sumaha iyo W.L.M.
2) Post-havest managment of banana crop (Mareeynta dalaga mooska marka uu gacantaada soogalo si kor loogu qaaado tayadisa iyo cimrigiisaba.
Farsamada xanaanada dalaga mooska
1) Gacanta mooska waa in lasoo jaraa 3bil ee udambeesa markoo maraayo 60, 65, 75 80 berri, goosmadaas gacanta waxey ku xiran tahay halka dalaga mooska u safraayo.
2) Marnaba dalaga mooska hadhigin meel qorax ah (From harvest to consumer chain)
3) Mooska waa in lagu dhaqaa biyo diiran ilaa 50 degree ah muddo 5 daqiiqo ah (five minutes) ama biyo caadi ah lakiin leh kaloriin si loo nadiifiyo mirta, waxaa kaloo looraciyaa fungicides si looga hortago wax yeelada ilma aragtida (Micro-organism)
4) kadib waa miraha mooska waa in lagu hayaa meel qabow oo ah 14 ilaa 16 degree si looga hortago hormone Ethylene kaas oo masuul ka bislaashada xad dhaafka ee dalaga mooska.
FG. Dilayga ugu weyn ee dalaga mooska waa kuleelka (high temperature).
NB: Post-harvest management of banana waa field balaaran qofki rabo niqaash intaa ka balaaran waa ila soo xariiri karaa.
WQ. Ustaad Ilyas Mohamed Shuuke.
