Somali Students Union Relief Education

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Somali Students Union Relief Education HADAFKEENA WAA HELIDA MUJTAMAC TACLIIN LEH HADAFKIISUNA YAHAY IN LAHELO BULSHO ISDARYESHA WAXNA QABSATA , UNA ADEEGA SHACABKA OO AANAN KA ADEEGAN

Tree planting
marxaladihii ay soo martay beerashada(stages of Agriculture Development)

Beerashadu waxaa lagu tiriyaa xirfadii ugu h**eysay ee bani aadamku barto kadib markii tijaboyin farabadan uu sameeyay .

bani aadamku wuxuu bartay inuu wehel kadhigto dhirta iyo xaywaanadka faa idooyinka leh iyo beerashada xiliyada ku haboon miraha .

barashada bani aadamka u bartay beerashada waxay kentay inuu kordho tirada bulshada taas oo keentay inuu wax badan kafahmo nolosha qaybaheeda kala duwan sida -farsamada ,ama fanka (arts) taas ayaa sababtay ilbaxnimada maanta uu bani aadamku gaaray.

waxana ku so kobi karanaa xeerarkii kaladuwana ee ay so martay beerashadu sidatan:--

1-marxad loo yaqaano (food gathering stage).

markii la eego marxaladaan waxa uu ahaa bani aadamka mid ku tiirasan gabi ahaan keymaha asiga oo raadsanayo qutul yonkiisa mudo markii uu noloshas ku jiray waxa uu bartay qaar kamid ah geedaha faa idoyinka leh kuna habon cunida sida -miraha ,caleenta iyo waliba xididada gedaha

sidookale intuu ku gudajiray marxaladaas wuxuu bartay ugaarta qaar kamid ah xayawanadka duurjogta ah iyo kaluunka .

wuxu ku fikiray beerashada si loo helo cuno ku filan gar ahaan markuu arkay in miraha gedaha qaar kamid ah ay so bahayan marki la aburo islamar ahantasna biyo uu helo .isla markaasna waxa uu ku fikiray dhaqashada qaar kamid ah xoolaha .

2marxalada labad oo loooyaqano (shifting cultivation).

waa xaalad uu ictimadayay aadanuhu waxa uu ku soo arkay marxaladii h**e waxa uuna bilaabay inuu meel kaguuro uuna uguuro meelkale asiga oo fiirinayo hadba carada ku haboon beerashada iyo meelaha uu biyaha kahelo .sidas darted waxa uu bilaabay inuu beero qaar kamid ah dalagyada asigoo u beray qaab taqlidi ah (Traditional).gaar ahaan dhulka idhow wabiyada iyo ilaha biyaha taasi waxa bar bar socdey dhaqashada xoolaha .

3-marxaladii 3aad(pastoral or nomads stage).

marxaladani aadanuhu waxa uu bilaabay nolosha baadiyaha caadiga ah wuxuna ahaa mid ku tiirsan gabi ahanba guurid asiga oo jeraayo masaafo aad u dheer si uu uhelo daaq iyo biyo nidamkani waxa laga isticmaali jiray goobaha laga helo daaqsinka dhabiciga ah sida wadamada -somalia ,suudaan, moroko .

nolosha badiya ayaa sii horumartay waxana la bilabay in la abuuro dalaqyada qaar gaar ahaan misagada ,galayda iyo waxyabaha kale oo lamidka ah taas oo ujedadedu aheyd in lahelo cuno kufilan bani aadamka iyo xoolahaba si xoolahana looga helo caano iyo hilib si taasi lo fuliyo qoys kasta waxa uu isku qaybinjiren qolo xoolaha daaqa laradisa iyo qolo beeraha wax kasoosaara xili roobaadka sida guga iyo deyrta.kuwii xoolaha waxay la soo noqonjireen xoolaha si ay udaaqan balka'.

4-marxaladii 4aad(settled farming)

nidaamkan ama marxaladan waxay bilawatay qarniyadii dhaxe taas oo kabilawatay qarada yurub kadib marki uu helay bani aadamka deganaasho waxa uuna bilabay inuu beerto goobaha ku haboon beerashada asigoo xooga saarayay qaar kamid ah dalagyada laberto sida- masagada iyo galayda wax soo saarka xiligaas aad ayuu uyaraa sababo laxiriira masaaxaadka la'aburayay oo aad uyaraa .

5.markaladii 5aad(compined farm)

nidaamkaan wuxuu kulminayaa waxa soo saarka beeraha iyo dhaqashada xaywaanadka ayada oo lagu wada dhaqayo hal meel sidokale nidamkan waa nidam kumiya geedaha iyo xaywanka ayada oo ay ka faa idaysanayan xayawanadka haraaga dalaga ama (crop)ka maraka laga gooyo sabuulka sidokale geedahana waxay ka fa idaysanayan dahada ama (weste).ayaga oo ugu fa idaysanaaya (organic fertilizer).

6-marxalada 6aad(industrialize or specialize farming)

waxay bilaabatay marxaladan markii ay korodhay aqoonta ama macarifada beeraha waxa laberi jiray dalagyo mucayan ah ayada oo laga leeyahay ujeedo gooni ah

7-markaxada 7aad(Agriculture with modern techniques).

waa noo kamid ah beerasada taas oo loo isticmaalayo tignoolajiyada casriga ah si loo helo wax soo saar aad u sareeyo ayada oo la isticmaalayo noocyaga kaladwan ee tignoolojiyada cilmiga beeraha sida waxa loo yaqaano (green houses) ama guriyaha lagu ilaaliyo dalagyada waa nidaam casri ah oo ay is ticmalan wadamada horumaray ,(tissue culture)sidoo kale wa nidam casri ah oo ay is ticmalan wadamada horumaray .iyo waliba (soilless culture)waa mid kamid ah nidaamyada casriga ah oo aan ubaahanayn carada ayada oo loo sinayo waxa yabihii dhulka loogu baahnaa qaab maxalul ah ama milan ah .

FG: fadlan kudadal sida aad uberi lahayd geed ama dhirta hana isku dayin in aad jarto dhirta si'ad uga sameyso dhuxul ama wax jaristoodu ay kafa'ido badantahay in bili aadamku ku intifaco

mahad sanidiin

by: FAISAL KAHIE ( IT)

waxbartay waxbarta beri duni wax laga weydiine