24/08/2026
Fundamentals of English Grammar
Chapter One: Present Time
1.1 The simple present and the present progressive.
1.2 Forms of the simple present and the present progressive.
1.3 Frequency adverbs.
1.4 Final ...s.
1.5 Spelling of final ...s/es.
1.6 Non action verbs.
1.7 Present verbs: short answers to yes/ no questions.
Chapter Two: Past Time
2.1 Expressing the simple past.
2.2 Forms of the simple past: regular verbs
2.3 Forms of the simple past: be
2.4 Regular verbs: pronunciation of ...ed endings.
2.5 Spelling of ...ing and ...ed forms.
2.6 The principal parts of a verb.
2.7 Irregular verbs: a reference list.
2.8 The simple past and the past progressive.
2.9 Forms of the past progressive.
2.10 Expressing time: using time clauses.
2.11 Expressing past habit: used to...
Chapter Three: Future Time
3.1 Expressing future time: be going to and will
3.2 Forms: be going to...
3.3 Forms: Will
3.4 Summary about the future.
3.5 Be going to Vs will
3.6 Expressing the future in time clauses and if clauses.
3.7 Using the present progressive to express future time.
3.8 Using the simple present to express future time.
3.9 Immediate future: using be about to...
3.10 Parallel verbs
Chapter Four: The Present Perfect and the Past Perfect.
4.1 Past participle
4.2 Forms of the present perfect.
4.3 Meanings of the present perfect.
4.4 Simple past Vs Present perfect.
4.5 Using since and for...
4.6 Present perfect progressive
4.7 Present perfect progressive vs. Present perfect
4.8 Using already, yet, still and anymore.
4.9 Past Perfect
Chapter Five: Asking Questions
5.1 Yes/no questions and short answers.
5.2 Yes/no questions and information questions
5.3 Where, why, when and what time.
5.4 Questions with who, whom and what
5.5 Spoken and written contractions with question words
5.6 Using what + a form of do
5.7 Using what kind of
5.8 Using wich
5.9 Using whose
5.10 Using how
5.11 Using how often
5.12 Using how far and how long
5.13 More questions with how
5.14 Using how about and what about
5.15 Tag questions
Chapter Six: Nouns and Pronouns
6.1 Pronunciation of final -s/-es
6.2 Plural forms of nouns
6.3 Subjects, verbs, and objects
6.4 Objects of prepositions
6.5 Prepositions of time
6.6 Word order: place and time
6.7 Subject-verb agreement
6.8 Using adjectives to describe nouns
6.9 Using nouns as adjectives
6.10 Personal pronouns: subjects and objects
6.11 Possessive nouns
6.12 Possessive pronouns and adjectives
6.13 Reflexive pronouns
6.14 Singular forms of other: another vs. the other
6.15 Plural forms of other: other{s} vs. the other{s}
6.16 Summary of forms of other
Chapter Seven: Modal Auxiliaries
7.1 The form of modal auxiliaries
7.2 Expressing ability: can and could
7.3 Expressing possibility: may and might
Expressing permission: may and can
7.4 Using could to express possibility
7.5 Polite questions: may I, could I, can I
7.6 Polite questions: would you, could you, will you, can you
7.7 Expressing advice: should and ought to
7.8 Expressing advice: had better
7.9 Expressing necessity: have to, have got to, must
7.10 Expressing lack of necessity: do not have to
Expressing prohibition: must not
7.11 Making logical conclusions: must
7.12 Giving instructions: imperative sentences
7.13 Making suggestions: let’s and why don’t
7.14 Stating preferences: prefer, like … better, would rather
Chapter Eight: Connecting Ideas
8.1 Connecting ideas with and...
8.2 Connecting ideas with but & or...
8.3 Connecting ideas with so...
8.4 Using auxiliary verbs after but & and...
8.5 Using and, too, so, either, neither...
8.6 Connecting ideas with because...
8.7 Connecting ideas with even though/although...
Chapter Nine: Comparisons
9.1 Making comparisons with as...as
9.2 Comparative and Superlative
9.3 Comparative and Superlative forms of adjectives and adverbs
9.4 Completing a comparative
9.5 Modifying comparatives
9.6 Comparisons with less ... than and not as ... as
9.7 Unclear comparisons
9.8 Using more with nouns
9.9 Repeating a comparative
9.10 Using double comparatives
9.11 Using superlatives
9.12 Using the same, similar, different, like, alike
Chapter Ten: The Passive
10.1 Active sentences and passive sentences
10.2 Form of the passive
10.3 Transitive and Intransative verbs
10.4 Using the by phrase.
10.5 The passive forms of the present and past progressive
10.6 Passive modal auxiliaries
10.7 Using past participles as adjectives {stative passive}.
10.8 Participial adjectives: ed vs ing
10.9 Get + adjective, get + past participle
10.10 Using be used/accustomed to and get used/accustomed to...
10.11 Used to vs. be used to
10.12 Using be supposed to
Chapter Eleven: Count/Noncount Nouns and Articles
11.1 A vs. an
11.2 Count and Noncount Nouns
11.3 Noncount Nouns
11.4 More noncount nouns
11.5 Using several, a lot of, many/much, and a few/a little
11.6 Nouns that can be count or noncount.
11.7 Using units of measure with noncount nouns
11.8 Guidelines for article usage
11.9 Using the with names
11.10 Capitalization
Chapter Twelve: Adjective Clauses
12.1 Adjective clauses: Introduction
12.2 Using who and whom in adjective clauses
12.3 Using who, whom, and that in adjective clasuses
12.4 Using which and that in adjective clauses
12.5 Singular and Plural verbs in adjective clauses
12.6 Using prepositions in adjective clauses
12.7 Using whose in adjective clauses
Chapter Thirteen: Gerunds and Infinitives
13.1 Verb + Gerunds
13.2 Go + ing
13.3 Verb + Infinitive
13.4 Verb + Gerund or Infinitive
13.5 Preposition + Gerunds
13.6 Using by & with to express how something is done.
13.7 Using gerunds as subject; using it + infinitive
13.8 It + infinitive: using for {someone}
13.9 Expressing purpose with in order to & for
13.10 Using infinitives with too and enough
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