Maankaab institute of Medicine

Qofka somaliga cudurka macaanku markuu ku dhaco waxaad moodaa sidii nolosha in uu kasamray oo kale bogsasho iyo rajo dambana uusanba lahayn

Fadlan mud/marwo cudarkani sidaa ma aha hadad fahantana waxaa xaqiiq ah in aad kasoo laabankarto heerkasta ee aad gaadho.
Halbeega saxda ah ee xadiga sonkorta Ac1 oo aad si dhow u isticmaasho.
Waxa aad cunaysid waa waxa lagugu imtixaanayo cudurkanina waa iska imtixan la joog ka war doon baro waxa aad cunto ahaan u isticmaalaysi markastana carbohaydratekaagu ha yaraado waliba si gaar waxa ay ku badantahay glucosetu.

Badal hab nololeedkaaga
Joogtee socodka dabaasha
Orodka
Ama noocii kale ee jimicsi ee aad awoodo
Balse daily waa in aad 30 minute jimicsataa maalinkasta [24]

Dawada aad qaadatid waa in aad hubisaa garamkani ma yahay kii kugu haboonaa waana mid ka mid ah arimaha ugu muhiimsan inaga aad inooga khaldan.

Iska ilaali walalka, hurdo yaridda iyo waxkasta oo tamartaada iyo difaaca jidhkaga daciifin karo.

Baro sida loo dhimo miisaaaka hadad miisaan ahaan culustahay sidoo kale sidaas u kordhin lahayd.

Hubi bilkasta badqabka indhahaga kalyahaaga wadnahaaga iyo xadiga difaacaga.

Isla joog is ogow kuna xakamee sonkartaada xadiga ugu hooseeya ee ad awoodo.

Ogsonow marka sonkarta jidhkaagu (glucose) xadi macquul ah tahay in aysan waxba kuu dhimanaynin boog ama nabar aad yeelataa.

Waa muhiim in aad si sax u hubisaa u fadhisisaa Inta (dose) ka gramka nooca dawo ee kugu haboon Maligram ahaan iyo inta jeer maalinkii /24

Waligaa GAAJADA HA dhibsan balse markaad dheef dooranayso dooro tayo (quality) iyo isku dhiska tamarta protienska , vitmineska iwm. not quantity
Waxaa sii wanaagsan in aad dhawan ka dhigato sonka iyo kala fogaanta cunista dheefta

Taasi waa sida caafimaadku ku jiro
Diinteenuna ina farayso
Waayo muslimku waxuu u noolyahay hawl iyo cibaado.
Ha dhayalsan dhibka hadii kale durba dhigkar macaan gaas iwm.

jubbaland mar haddii Amni biyo iyo wadooyin la helay
waxay ilatahay bulshadu waa in ay ka tashataa inta dhiman aayaheed

kaliya hadda waxa dhiman waa korontada, waxbarashada iyo caafimaadka

markaan sidaa leeyahay waxaan u jeedaa aas-aasiga nolosha
inta ay korontadu maqantahay liitado ama qiimaheedu sareeyo way adag tahay in aan helo warshado mid yar iyo mid waynba
warshad la'aanina waa shaaqo la'aan baahsan isnac iyo eris iyo xasarad daaim ah

waxaa jiro fursado waawayn oo lagu abuuri karo hanaan lagaga baxo caqabadda korontada balse waa in aragti bulsho iyo maamuli jirtaa
waa hubaal haddii la xaliyo in la heli warshado yaryar tiro bdan oo wax badan deegaanka iyo dadka tara
waana wax hal mar la xalin karo oo qoondo hal mar ah ama labo ah u baahan

balse wax barashada iyo caafimadku waa baahi joogta oo u baahan isku xidhnaasho joogta ama qoondo geed ka goan ah.

hadaba Maamulka Sharafta leh Jubbaland oo Ugu Horeeyo Mudane AL- sayid HE Ahmed Mohmed Ali Islam waxan ka codsanlahaa in arimahan ay ka dhigtaaan wajiga xiga talaabo qaadka xiga hawsha wadooyinka iyo biyaha ee iminka sida caaaboon u socda.

Muwadin u dirane Dr jiite
14/08/2024

Fatty liver in pregnancy is a condition where there is an accumulation of fat in liver cells. While antibiotics are not typically used to treat fatty liver, some antibiotics may be safe to use during pregnancy to treat bacterial infections. However, it's essential to consult a healthcare provider for proper diagnosis and treatment. They may recommend:

1. Ultrasound or liver function tests to monitor the condition.
2. Lifestyle modifications, such as a healthy diet and regular exercise.
3. Antibiotics only when necessary and safe for the specific stage of pregnancy.

Some safe antibiotics during pregnancy include those I mentioned earlier (amoxicillin, azithromycin, cephalexin, clindamycin, and ampicillin). However, always consult your healthcare provider for personalized guidance.

𝐌𝐞𝐝𝐢𝐜𝐚𝐥 𝐊𝐧𝐨𝐰𝐥𝐞𝐝𝐠𝐞:
Here are some safe antibiotics for pregnant women ¹
- Amoxicillin: a type of penicillin
- Azithromycin: a type of erythromycin
- Cephalexin: a type of cephalosporin
- Clindamycin: a type of cleocin
- Ampicillin: a type of penicillin
Please note that while these antibiotics are generally considered safe, your doctor will still assess your condition and the stage of your pregnancy before prescribing any medication.

👉DOTS: Signs to suspect fracture
D = Deformity
O = Open wound
T = Tenderness
S = Swelling
👉ELEVATION: ST elevation causes in ECG
E = Electrolytes
L = LBBB
E = Early repolarization
V = Ventricular hypertrophy
A = Aneurysm
T = Treatment (e.g., pericardiocentesis)
I = Injury (AMI, contusion)
O = Osborne waves (hypothermia)
N = Non-occlusive vasospasm
👉FAILURE: CHF causes of exacerbation
F = Forgot medication
A = Arrhythmia/ Anaemia
I = Ischemia/ Infarction/ Infection
L = Lifestyle: taken too much salt
U = Upregulation of CO: pregnancy, hyperthyroidism
R = Renal failure
E = Embolism: pulmonary

Normal respiratory function involves the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs. Oxygen administration is typically used to support or improve respiratory function in conditions such as hypoxemia (low blood oxygen levels), respiratory distress, or during anesthesia.

Altered respiratory function refers to any deviation from normal respiratory patterns or gas exchange. This could include conditions like pneumonia, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). In such cases, oxygen administration might be necessary to supplement or support the compromised respiratory system until the underlying condition improves. However, the administration of oxygen must be carefully monitored, as excessive oxygen levels can have adverse effects, particularly in certain conditions like COPD.

Definition:
Oxygen administration involves the delivery of supplemental oxygen to individuals who have low blood oxygen levels (hypoxemia) or respiratory conditions that compromise their ability to adequately oxygenate their blood.

Types:
1. Low-flow oxygen therapy: Provides oxygen at a flow rate that is less than the patient's peak inspiratory flow rate. Examples include nasal cannula and simple face masks.
2. High-flow oxygen therapy: Provides oxygen at a flow rate that exceeds the patient's peak inspiratory flow rate. Examples include venturi masks and high-flow nasal cannula.

Purpose:
- To improve oxygenation of blood.
- To alleviate symptoms of hypoxemia, such as shortness of breath, confusion, and cyanosis (bluish discoloration of the skin).
- To support respiratory function in individuals with acute or chronic respiratory conditions.

Indications:
- Hypoxemia due to conditions such as pneumonia, pulmonary embolism, or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).
- Chronic respiratory conditions like COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) or emphysema.
- Anesthesia during surgery to maintain adequate oxygen levels.

Complications:
- Oxygen toxicity: Prolonged exposure to high concentrations of oxygen can lead to lung damage and respiratory distress.
- Oxygen-induced hypoventilation: High levels of oxygen can suppress the respiratory drive, leading to hypoventilation.
- Fire hazard: Oxygen supports combustion, so there's a risk of fire if oxygen is used near open flames or in the presence of flammable materials.
- Drying of mucous membranes: Long-term oxygen therapy can cause dryness and irritation of the nasal passages and throat.

It's crucial to monitor oxygen therapy carefully and adjust the flow rate as needed to avoid complications and ensure optimal oxygenation.

Diarrhea typically progresses through a few stages:

1. Onset:
Begins suddenly, often with urgency and frequent bowel movements.
2. Acute phase:
Characterized by watery stools, abdominal cramps, and possibly nausea or vomiting.
3. Recovery phase:
Symptoms start to improve, bowel movements become less frequent and may start to solidify.
4. Resolution:
Bowel movements return to normal consistency and frequency.

The term "spectrum" reflects the wide variation in challenges and strengths that individuals with autism may experience. Some people with autism may require significant support in their daily lives, while others may need less support and may even excel in certain areas.

Symptoms of autism typically appear in early childhood, usually before the age of three. Common signs and symptoms of autism include:

1. Difficulty with social interaction, such as difficulty understanding social cues, lack of eye contact, and difficulty forming relationships.
2. Communication challenges, such as delayed speech and language development, difficulty initiating or sustaining conversations, and repetitive or unusual speech patterns.
3. Restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities, such as repetitive movements (e.g., hand-flapping, rocking), rigid adherence to routines or rituals, and intense focus on specific interests.

While the exact cause of autism is not known, it is believed to involve a combination of genetic and environmental factors. There is currently no cure for autism, but early intervention services, such as behavioral therapy, speech therapy, and occupational therapy, can help improve outcomes and quality of life for individuals with autism.

It's important to recognize that each person with autism is unique, and their experiences and needs may vary widely. With support, understanding, and acceptance, individuals with autism can lead fulfilling lives and make valuable contributions to society.

Creating a nursing care study on typhoid involves outlining the comprehensive care plan for a patient diagnosed with typhoid fever. Here's a simplified outline of what could be included:

1. Assessment:
- Gather information about the patient's medical history, including any previous episodes of typhoid fever or other relevant illnesses.
- Assess the patient's current symptoms, including fever, headache, abdominal pain, and diarrhea.
- Monitor vital signs, such as temperature, pulse, blood pressure, and respiratory rate.
- Assess the patient's hydration status and fluid intake.

2. Diagnosis:
- Diagnosis of typhoid fever based on clinical symptoms, laboratory tests (e.g., blood culture, Widal test), and medical history.

3. Nursing Diagnosis:
- Impaired Comfort related to fever, headache, and abdominal pain.
- Risk for Fluid Volume Deficit related to diarrhea and fever.
- Risk for Infection related to the transmission of Salmonella typhi.
- Knowledge Deficit related to typhoid fever and its management.

4. Planning:
- Goal: Alleviate discomfort and reduce fever.
- Goal: Prevent dehydration and maintain fluid balance.
- Goal: Prevent the spread of infection to others.
- Goal: Educate the patient and family about typhoid fever, its transmission, and preventive measures.

5. Interventions:
- Administer antipyretic medications as prescribed to reduce fever and discomfort.
- Encourage increased fluid intake, including water, oral rehydration solutions, and clear fluids, to prevent dehydration.
- Monitor intake and output, and assess for signs of dehydration.
- Implement standard precautions to prevent the spread of infection, including hand hygiene and isolation precautions as indicated.
- Educate the patient and family about proper hand hygiene, food safety measures, and the importance of completing antibiotic therapy as prescribed.
- Provide emotional support and reassurance to the patient and family.

6. Evaluation:
- Monitor the patient's response to treatment, including resolution of symptoms and normalization of vital signs.
- Assess for complications, such as intestinal perforation or relapse.
- Evaluate the patient's understanding of typhoid fever and adherence to preventive measures.

Anti-hypertensive drugs are medications used to lower high blood pressure, also known as hypertension. There are several classes of anti-hypertensive drugs, each with different mechanisms of action. Here are some common classes of anti-hypertensive drugs:

1. Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors: These drugs block the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, a hormone that causes blood vessels to constrict. By dilating blood vessels, ACE inhibitors help lower blood pressure. Examples include lisinopril, enalapril, and ramipril.

2. Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs): ARBs work by blocking the action of angiotensin II on blood vessels, resulting in vasodilation and lower blood pressure. Examples include losartan, valsartan, and irbesartan.

3. Calcium Channel Blockers (CCBs): These drugs prevent calcium from entering cells in the heart and blood vessel walls, leading to relaxation of blood vessels and decreased blood pressure. Examples include amlodipine, nifedipine, and diltiazem.

4. Beta-Blockers: Beta-blockers reduce heart rate and cardiac output by blocking the effects of adrenaline on the heart. This leads to decreased blood pressure. Examples include metoprolol, atenolol, and propranolol.

5. Diuretics: Diuretics help lower blood pressure by increasing the excretion of sodium and water from the body, leading to decreased blood volume and reduced pressure on blood vessel walls. Examples include hydrochlorothiazide, furosemide, and spironolactone.

6. Alpha-Blockers: Alpha-blockers relax the muscles in blood vessel walls, leading to vasodilation and lower blood pressure. Examples include doxazosin and prazosin.

7. Direct Renin Inhibitors: These drugs block the activity of renin, an enzyme involved in the regulation of blood pressure. By inhibiting renin, these medications help relax blood vessels and lower blood pressure. Examples include aliskiren.

8. Centrally Acting Agents: These drugs work in the brain to reduce signals that increase heart rate and narrow blood vessels, leading to lower blood pressure. Examples include clonidine and methyldopa.

It's essential to note that the choice of anti-hypertensive medication depends on factors such as the patient's age, medical history, co-existing conditions, and medication tolerance. Treatment often involves a combination of medications from different classes to achieve optimal blood pressure control.

Both legs together have 50% of the nerves of the human body, 50% of the blood vessels, and 50% of the blood in your go entire body is flowing through them.

▪️ It is the largest circulatory network that connects the body.
_So Walk daily._

▪️Only when the feet are healthy does the convention current of blood flow smoothly, so people who have strong leg muscles will definitely have a strong heart. _Walk._

▪️ _Aging starts from the feet upwards._

▪️As a person gets older, the accuracy and speed of transmission of instructions between the brain and the legs decreases, unlike when a person is young.
_Please Walk_

▪️In addition, the so-called Bone Fertilizer Calcium will sooner or later be lost with the passage of time, making elderly more prone to bone fractures. _WALK._

▪️Bone fractures in the elderly can easily trigger a series of complications, especially fatal diseases such as brain thrombosis.

▪️Do you know that 15% of elderly patients die within a year of a thigh-bone fracture? _Walk daily without fail._

▪️ Exercising the legs is never too late, even after the age of 60 years.

▪️Although our feet/legs will gradually age with time, exercising our feet/ legs is a life-long task.
_Walk 10,000 steps._

▪️Only by regular strengthening the legs can one prevent or reduce further aging. _Walk 365 days_

▪️ Please walk for at least 30-40 minutes daily to ensure that your legs receive sufficient exercise and to ensure that your leg muscles remain healthy.

You should share this important information with all your 40+years friends
and family members, as everyone is aging on a daily basis.

7 Things you need always to control

1. Your thoughts

2. Your words

3. Your actions

4. Your attitude

5. Your focus

6. Your effort

7. Your energy

Bonus: Your smile :))

Keep smiling and keep shining!