Sahan Research & Studies Center

English Language Learning Challenges Among Somali Students
Although this study was published earlier, I’m pleased to share it here as it remains highly relevant to ongoing discussions about education in Somaliland.
The research, conducted at Moon College in Hargeisa, explores why students continue to face difficulties in English despite years of formal instruction. Using qualitative insights from teachers and students, the study identifies three major barriers:
🔹 Instructional challenges (outdated methods, limited teacher capacity)
🔹 Environmental factors (limited exposure beyond classrooms, weak home support)
🔹 Psychological obstacles (low confidence, low motivation, cultural hesitation)
Students reported persistent challenges in pronunciation, grammar, listening, and academic writing. At the same time, many are increasingly using digital tools like Duolingo, YouTube, and AI to improve their skills.
📌 The study emphasizes the need for curriculum reform, stronger teacher development, and better integration of technology in language instruction.
🔗 Read the full study: https://lnkd.in/d5DGTs3y

Kubaro Englishta Online. Everywhere and anytime.

Sahan Research and Studies Center is pleased to announce the publication of a research article titled "The Role of Climate Change in Shaping Resource Conflicts among Somaliland’s Pastoralists.”

Climate-change-induced droughts, shrinking rangelands, and increasing resource scarcity are intensifying conflicts among pastoralist communities in Somaliland. This study examined how these pressures shape resource-based conflicts, with a particular focus on the Sanaag region.

Using an in-depth qualitative research approach, data were collected over a period of 47 days. A total of 17 experts with extensive knowledge of climate change were purposively selected, including traditional elders, cooperative representatives, local officials, and government authorities such as officials from the Ministry of Environment and Climate Change, as well as staff from non-governmental organizations (NGOs). Data were gathered through semi-structured interviews. Thematic analysis conducted using MAXQDA software generated seven key themes; four emerged from the interview questions, while three arose from the participants’ responses.

The findings reveal that climate change is intensifying conflicts through increasing water scarcity, deteriorating grazing lands, and community displacement. Many displaced individuals move to nearby settlements, where some become exposed to various social challenges, including substance use. Traditional coping mechanisms, such as seasonal migration, are also weakening due to environmental degradation and fragile social systems.

Some communities have adopted adaptation strategies such as constructing water reservoirs and migrating to areas that still receive rainfall or remain less degraded. However, these movements often lead to disputes between incoming groups and host communities. Others are forced to cut tree branches to feed livestock or undertake involuntary displacement. Water scarcity has also led to violent disputes over wells, reservoirs, and remaining water sources. These pressures are increasing inter-clan tensions and insecurity.

The study concludes that pastoralist adaptation remains fragmented and vulnerable. It calls for integrated responses that strengthen traditional mechanisms while incorporating modern interventions, such as investing in water infrastructure, supporting local conflict resolution, raising climate-change awareness, and enhancing cooperation between government and non-governmental organizations.

This research provides a deeper understanding of the socio-environmental impacts of climate change in arid pastoral regions. It contributes to advancing knowledge on pastoral livelihoods and climate-related conflicts, supporting evidence-based policymaking to address the growing challenges facing rural communities.

PUBLICATION DETAILS:
✨ Authors: Abdulaziz Bashir & Mohamed Abdilahi
Journal: Local Environment: The International Journal of Justice and Sustainability
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Published: 20 April 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13549839.2026.2660917
indexed: Scopus and Web of Science

✨Xarunta Daraasaadka iyo Cilmi baadhista ee Sahan waxay idiinku Bushaaraynaysaa dabacaada Cilmi-baadhis ciwaan looga dhigay: (Doorka ay Isbeddelka Cimiladu ku Leedahay Qaabaynta Khilaafaadka Khayraadka ee Xoola-dhaqatada Somaliland).

Abaaro ay sababto isbeddelka cimiladu, dhul-daaqeedka oo sii yaraanaya, iyo yaraanta khayraadka oo sii kordhaysa ayaa hurinaya khilaafaadka u dhexeeya bulshooyinka xoola-dhaqatada ee Somaliland. Daraasaddan waxay baadhay sida cadaadisyadani u qaabeeyaan khilaafaadka ku salaysan khayraadka, iyadoo si gaar ah diiradda loo saarayo gobolka Sanaag.

Iyadoo la adeegsanayo hab cilmi-baadhis qotodheer (depth analysis) taas oo si xeelad sare leh loogu adeegsado afkaarta dadka (qualitative approach), xogta waxaa la ururiyay muddo 47 maalmood ah. Waxana si toos ah loo doortay(purposively) 17 Khuburo oo ku xel dheer arimaha is bedelka cimilada, kuwaas oo ay ka mid ahaayeen odayaal dhaqameed, iskaashatooyin, masuuliyiin maxalli ah, iyo saraakiil dowladeed sida wasaarada degaanka iyo isbedelka cimi-lada, Shaqaale ha haayadaha aan dawliga ahayn (NGOs), iyadoo la adeegsanayo wareysiyo hab-dhismeedkoodu furan yahay (semi-structured interviews). Falanqayn mawduucyeed (thematic analysis) oo lagu sameeyay software-ka MAXQDA ayaa soo saartay toddoba mawduuc oo muhiim ah; afar ka mid ah waxay ka yimaadeen su’aalaha wareysiga, halka saddex kalena ay ka soo baxeen xogta khuburada laga ururiyey ka qaybgalayaasha.

Natiijooyinka ayaa muujinaya in isbeddelka cimiladu uu sii xoojinayo khilaafaadka iyadoo ay sii kordhayaan biyo yaraanta, daaqa oo sii xumaanaya, iyo barakac ku yimaadda bulshooyinka. Iyada oo ay badiba soogalaan tulooyinka ugu dhow isla markaana bartaan noocyada kaladuwan ee mukhaadaraadka(drugs). Hababka dhaqameed ee la qabsan jiray xaaladaha adag, sida guuritaanka xilliyeed, ayaa sii daciifaya sababo la xidhiidha xaalufka deegaanka iyo nidaamyada bulsho ee jilicsan.

Bulshooyinka qaarkood waxay qaateen xeelado la qabsasho sida dhismaha biyo-xidheennada iyo u guurista meelo kale oo aan weli xaalufin ama roob ka da'ay taas oo intabdan keenta dagaal u dhexeeya sooguurtada iyo dadkii dhulka h**e u daganaa, halka kuwo kalena ay ku khasbanaadaan inay jaraan laamaha geedaha si ay xoolahooda usiiyaan ama ay sameeyaan barakac khasab ah. Sidoo kale yaraan ta biyaha ayaa iyana keenta Khilaafka in laysku dilo ceelasha, baraagaha ama meelaha biyuhu kusii danbeyeen. Cadaadisyadan ayaa sii kordhinaya xiisadaha u dhexeeya beelaha iyo amni darrada.

Daraasaddan ayaa ku soo gabagabaysay in la qabsiga xoola-dhaqatadu uu weli yahay mid kala daadsan oo nugul. Waxay ku baaqaysaa jawaabo isku dhafan oo xoojiya hababka dhaqameed isla markaana lagu daro faragelinta casriga ah, sida maalgelinta kaabayaasha biyaha, taageeridda xalinta khilaafaadka maxalliga ah, wacyigelinta isbeddelka cimilada, iyo xoojinta iskaashiga u dhexeeya dowladda iyo hay’adaha aan dowliga ahayn.
Cilmi-baadhistan waxay bixinaysaa faham qoto dheer oo ku saabsan saameynta bulsho-deegaan ee isbeddelka cimilada ku leeyahay deegaanada qalalan ee ay ku nool yihiin xoola-dhaqatadu.

Daabacaaddani waxay ka qayb qaadanaysaa horumarinta aqoonta ku saabsan nolol-maalmeedka xoola-dhaqatada, iyo saamaynta uu isbeddelka cimiladu kuleyahay khilaafaadka, iyadoo taageeraysa dejinta siyaasad hufan si xal loogu helo nolosha sii adkaanaysa ee reer-miyiga.

𝗗𝗔𝗔𝗕𝗔𝗖𝗔𝗗𝗗𝗔:
✨Qorayaasha cilmi-baadhista: Abdulaziz Bashir & Mohamed Abdilahi
journalka lagudaabacay: Local Environment: The International Journal of Justice and Sustainability
• Daabacaha: Taylor & Francis
• La Daabacay: 20 April 2026
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13549839.2026.2660917

Cimilada Cilmiyeed

Burburka uu Qaadku Ugaysto Nolosha Aadanaha

Qaadku waa geed cagaaran oo kabaxa badiba Africa sida Eithopia, Kenya...., sidoo kale waxa uu kabaxaa Yaman.

Waa geed magacyo kaladuwan loo yaqaano! sida; Qad, chat, khat, bush man's tea, blessed tree iyo magacyo kale oo faro badan. Waa geed lacuno caleentiisa iyada oo laga raadinayo murqaan "uphoria". Waxa kujirta maadooyin maskaxda kiciya oo ladheho cathinone iyo cathine. Waxa uu qofku dareemaa farxad iyo fir-fircooni xad-dhaaf ah marka ay maadadani maskaxda gaadho.

Sida oo kale waxa uu dareemaa walbahaar iyo walaac marka ay jidhka kasii baxayso, taas oo qofka kadhigta mid muudh kujira ama cadho badani kamuuqato Somaliduna u taqaano "Qaadiro". Qof ka cuna qaadka ayaa alaaba udhaxeeya labadan xaaladood ee kaladuwan; Waaqti uu murqaan cirka marayo, faraxsan yahayah iyo mar uu qaadiray-sanyahay oo uu cadho iyo walbahaar lasoo dersaan.

Qaadku waxa uu kenaa Xanuuno badan sida; xanuunada kudhaca maskaxda, wadnaha, ilkaha, sidoo kale waxa uu develop gareeyaa dhiikarka iyo macaanka, waxa uu yareeyaa awooda galamada, waxa uu sababaa nafaqo daro, waxa kale oo uu sahlaa in xanuunada faafa uu qof ku u nuglaado.

Sidoo kale Qaadku waxa uu baabi'iyaa dhaqaalaha quutaha iyo tan dalkaba, wadanka laga cunona waxa uu kusababaa faqiirnimo, shaqo la'aan iyo dagaalo aan dhamaad lahayn.

Wadamo badan oo dunida ah waxa loooga diwaangeliyey daroogo khadar ah. Waana ka mam-nooc in losoo dhoofiyo.

Marka laga yimaado in wadamo badani beertaan taas oo uu ku hayo dhibaato caafimaad, Somalida ayaa ah qaar debeda ka keensada waxana uu kamid yahayah ganacsiyada xooga looga faa'iido, nagacsato badanina ka macaashto iibintiisa. Madaama oo ay cunaan kumaankun ama millions qof si maalinle eh.

Boqolaal dhibaato ayuu Qaadku ku hayaa bulshada! Taas oo laga sameeey Cilmi-baadhist dhab ah. Hadaba si'aan aqoontaa jirta wax ugu darsano Sahan ayaa sameeyey daraasad taas oo aanay cilmi-baadhe yaashu weli sahamin, taas oo ah; bal in qaadku wax saamayn ah ku leeyahay gudashada shaqada.

Waxa aanu cilmi-baadhista ka samaynay ganacsatada yar yar ee suuqa Hargeisa oo ah kuwo badiba cuna qaadka, marka ay shaqaynayaan. Article kaas oo dhamaystiran insha Allah marka uu soobaxo ayaanu idinla wadaagi donaa. Si'aan udiinku soo bandhigno bal in qaadku saamayn ku leeyahay gudashada shaqada iyo in kale.

Waad ku mahadsantahay sida aad qormadan u akhrisatay, fadlan sii share garee si uu dad badan u gaadho.

Sahan Research & Studies Center
Research department

"Octopuses sometimes punch fish for no clear reason - just like random aggression!"😁

Markaad akhriyayso Cilmi-baadhisaha mar-marka qaar ayaad lakul maysaa qaar xaraabe ah; dhowaan ayaan aqriyey article iga qosliyey markaan akhriyayey! Waa article ladaabacay oo kawaramaya dabeecadaha kaluunka nooca Octopus 🐙 loo yaqaano.

Scientists waqti aad ubadan daraasaynayey dabeecadaha octopus 🐙 ayaa shaaca kaqaaday in kaluun kani leeyahay dabeecado kaduwan kaluunka kale ee badda kula nool!

Ta ugu layaabka badan ee lagu ogaaday Cilmi-baadhista ayaa ah; "in kaluunkani marmarka qaar feedho kaluunada kale bilaa sabab!" 😀 Taas oo fajac iyo amakaag ku noqotay cilmi-baadhe yaashii daraasada waday.

Waxa galabta bilaabmaya course ka fagaare ka hadalka. Course ku waa offline, practical 80%. Fadlan nagu soobiir, waxbadana kabaro si'aad isbedel u samayso. Kaga soobiir link gan: ✨✨ https://chat.whatsapp.com/LW7Gdg4CU9VCmJdL4vgCSa?mode=gi_t

🥰Waxa socota isdiwaangelinta Englishta ee bisha April! Baro English ta sanadkan 2026, Kana baro Sahan. (Join us and transform your life swiftly).⌛ Hel macalimiin u heelan inaad barato Englishta gaar ahaan ku hadalka.✨

✨Fagaare kahadalka! Maladhiban tahay isa soo hortaaga dadka?

📈Hadii aad arday tahay oo aad rabto inaad slides ka ama casharka sifiican u soojeediso.
☀Hadii aad rabto inaad siyaasada ku biirto ama aad masraxyada kasoo muuqato.
🏦🧚‍♀️Hadii aad ganacsi leedahay oo aad rabto inaad Communication kaaga sare u qaado intaba course kani wuu ku anfacayaa.

Course ku waa practical 80%
waana offline. nagaga soobiir:
https://chat.whatsapp.com/LW7Gdg4CU9VCmJdL4vgCSa?mode=gi_t