The Endocrine Club

This case report demonstrates that a long-term ketogenic diet in a person with type 1 diabetes has considerable therapeutic benefits. 43% decrease in daily insulin requirements.
JCEM july 2024

Metformin restores ovulatory me**es in approximately 30 to 50 per cent of women with PCOS

Health Vol.10 No.5, May 2018

PCOS pooled global prevalence of 21.27%

Deswal R, et al.J Hum Reprod Sci. 2020

17 y M . Complaining of weakness, salt craving and dizzeness on standing. PE showed orthostatic hypotension
What is next step?

As an alternative to hydrocortisone, we suggest using
prednisolone (3–5 mg/d), administered orally once or
twice daily, especially in patients with reduced compliance.
Endo Society 2016

Where COCP is contraindicated, not accepted, or not tolerated, metformin may be considered for irregular menstrual cycles. For hirsutism, other interventions may be needed.

Endo Society 2023

We report a mean ‘peak’ weight gain of 8.4 kg and a mean
‘last’weight gain of 7.3 kg in patients undergoing treatment
for hyperthyroidism, over a median period of 1 and
2 years, respectively. Indeed, more than half of this
patient cohort had a significant weight gain of more
than 10% of their presentation weight.

Kyriacou et al. Thyroid 2026

30% prevalence of MAFLD and MASH in PCOS ( PMOS)

Schwimmer JB et al. Fertil Steril. 2005

Decreased vitamin B12 levels are a known consequence of long-term treatment with metformin. The mechanism is currently thought to be multifactorial, comprising altered intestinal motility, bacterial overgrowth, and reduced uptake of vitamin B12 within the small intestine (or a combination of these factors).

NICE 2024

Prior and during lithium therapy.

TFT
US thyroid
TPO Abs

Thyroid research Feb 2015

In patients with severe adrenal insufficiency we recommend immediate
therapy with stress dose IV hydrocortisone prior to the availability of the results of diagnostic tests..
Endo Society 2016