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MUDDU Organic Green Industries A food Value Cold Chain Project

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MUDDU Organic Green Industries A food Value Cold Chain Project

Horse breeding
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Mares and foals
Horse breeding is reproduction in horses, and particularly the human-directed process ofselective breeding of animals, particularly purebred horses of a given breed. Planned matings can be used to produce specifically desired characteristics in domesticated horses. Furthermore, modern breeding management and technologies can increase the rate of conception, a healthy pregnancy, and successful foaling.
A stud farm or stud in animal husbandry, is an establishment for selective breeding of livestock. The word "stud" comes from the Old English stodmeaning "herd of horses, place where horses are kept for breeding"[1]Historically, documentation of the breedings that occur on a stud farm leads to the development of a stud book. Male animals made available for breeding to outside female animals are said to be "standing at stud," or at "stud service," referencing the relatively high probability that they are kept at a stud farm.
The word stud is often restricted to larger domesticated (especially farm) animals, such as cattle and horses. A specialized vocabulary exists for the studs of other animals, such as kennel (dog), cattery (cat) and aviary (birds).
If you thought the best way to make money on the ponies was to hit the trifecta at Belmont Park, check out a copy of Darley’s 2009 stallion prospectus. That’s where the real dough is.
Darley, the thoroughbred horse-breeding operation owned by Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid al-Maktoum, the ruler of Dubai, currently has 17 stallions standing at stud. They command between $7,500 and $150,000 dollars for every successful deed and during this breeding season they are working three times a day, with a goal of impregnating around 2,000 mares. That’s a pretty good return on investment, considering few of the stallions ran more than a dozen races in their entire careers.
Al-Maktoum is obsessed with horse racing. In addition to lending out his studs to eager buyers, he uses them to breed his own race horses in the hopes of winning the Kentucky Derby. Darley is just one of many horse breeding facilities the Sheikh runs in six countries.
Above: Sitting at the end of a long, winding, tree-lined drive, barely a stone’s throw from Lexington International Airport, Darley’s breeding operation is part old-school Kentucky horse park and part sleek, modern equine business. Al-Maktoum, who is also prime minister of the United Arab Emirates, bought Jonabell farm, named after respected horse man John A. Bell III, in 2001 and renamed it Darley.
Photo: Jim Merithew/Wired.com
Read more: http://horsetalk.co.nz/2012/09/28/horse-manure-easy-guide-to-composting/
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Once, when many families had their own vegetable gardens and compost heaps, there were plenty of takers for horse manure.
Horses doing their business on suburban streets were rarely a problem, because plenty of householders were prepared to race out with a shovel to collect the bountiful baubles.
Horse manure contains plenty of fibre, making it an excellent soil conditioner. However, it doesn’t rate right at the top of the Pantheon of Poo. That honour belongs to chicken manure – indeed, any bird droppings.
Emeritus Professor of Soil Science John Walker says bird droppings are top of the heap for good reason. Horses – indeed all mammals – produce both urine and dung. Mammals secrete most of their nitrogen, potassium and sulphur through their p*e, meaning their droppings are almost always deficient in these key elements.
Birds, on the other hand, excrete through one hole only, meaning all these essential exhaust nutrients are rolled into one neat product.
Horse dung may have its shortcomings, but it has also received some bad press. Sadly, society now moves way too fast for the humble horse poo.
Tips For Successful Worm Farming
Tip #1: Never Over-Feed Your Worms.
Never feed your worms more grain than they can eat in a 24 hour period. The grain will sour and create an acid condition in the bedding, which will make your worms sick and can kill them.
Clean off any uneaten grain before adding more. If there are "left-over's", feed a little less.
Manure, however, can be an all-you-can-eat buffet. So long as there is room in the bedding for the worms to escape any heating of the manure, you can "pile it on", so to speak.
Coming: "Use this product every time you feed and you'll grow healthier fatter worms faster."
Interested in learning how to worm farm?
Tip #2: Use VermaPlex™ When You Feed.
Worms use microbes to digest their food. That's why horse manure is such a perfect food for worms. Horses also use microbes to digest their food and fresh horse manure still has active microbes contained in it.
VermaPlex ™ is a liquid soil inoculant used in gardening that's made
from - get this - EARTHWORM CASTINGS. It is positively teeming with microbes which make nutrients more readily available to plants. In the completed circle that is so ecologically beautiful, this liquid fertilizer made from earthworm castings, can also be used to help earthworms digest their food and make, you guessed it, earthworm castings. ...And so on, and so on....
When you feed your worms, add microbes by spraying VermaPlex™ over the food. You'll reduce problems such as mites and "sour" bedding. AND, your worms will be happier, healthier, and FATTER. Click here to order VermaPlex™. (Learn more about VermaPlex™ and organic gardening.)
Worm Composters check out "Worm Composting".
Find other useful tips like this on growing worms successfully in our new: "Worm Farming Manual: A Step-by-Step Guide to Raising Earthworms for Fun and Profit".

Tip #3 Keep Your Worms From Crawling Because of the Cold.
With the cold weather, your worms will want to crawl if they aren't located in an area that maintains above 40 degrees.
Keep a close eye (or finger) on the moisture content of the bedding. You'll want to keep your bed dryer so the worms will not get as cold. The wetter the bedding, the colder it feels. Be careful not to get it too dry - test it daily as the dryer humidity can wick away the moisture quickly.
If you can, heat the room to maintain above 40 (50 is even better), or they will most certainly crawl. Leave extra lights on to discourage them. Incandescent bulbs will put out more heat.
Find other useful tips like this on growing worms successfully in our new: "Worm Farming Manual: A Step-by-Step Guide to Raising Earthworms for Fun and Profit".

Tip #4 Keep Your Worms Protected From the Heat.
In the heat of Summer, you must monitor the temperature of your outside beds. Locating your beds in shady areas, natural or man-made, is essential.
Also, maintain the moisture levels of the bedding to keep your little flock cool. If the bedding dries out, which it will do more easily in Summer, it will get warmer. Even if the outside temperatures are in the 90's, if the bedding is shaded and moist, it will remain cool. And so will your worms.
Raising earthworms is one of the easiest ways you can go green and reduce the amount of trash entering our landfills and water systems. Instead of throwing your kitchen scraps in the garbage can or down the sink disposal simply feed them to your worms! And if you enjoy gardening this is a great way to save money -- your worms will produce fertilizer for life! Earthworms can produce more compost, in a shorter time, with less effort, than any other tool known to the gardener or farmer. The compost which is produced by earthworms is of the highest grade, containing not only greater amounts of mineral nutrients in soluble form, but also containing a high percentage of castings that help to form soil aggregates, leading to a permanent improvement in soil structure. Are you a fisherman, too? Why pay $4.00 for a dozen worms when you can raise them yourself? Whatever your reason for raising earthworms, you will enjoy watching your critters grow, reproduce and recycle!
There are three types of composting worms and one type of garden worm available here at Worms4Earth.com, I will list the three types of composting worms in this section. You can read about the garden worms further down the page.

The Red Wiggler is also known as Eisenia foetida, the manure worm or brandling worm. This voracious eater is definitely the beginner's choice because of it's adaptability to a wide range of living conditions as well as the ability to process large amounts of organic material. Although this hardy worm will survive temperatures close to 40°F, they prefer bedding temperatures between 68°F and 80°F. They are hardy enough that, if acclimated, they can live in bedding as hot as 100°F. If your needs are strictly composting, this is your worm of choice. Another benefit is that because this is a small earthworm you can easily provide live food for your aquarium fish and turtles.

Golden sweep of Hazara Stud Farm continues
News: By: Sharan Kumar
February 27 , 2013


Any stud farm which has begun its breeding operations on a massive scale cannot ask for better results than the one obtained by Haryana based Hazara Stud Farm whose produce has virtually swept every big race in the country in an unprecedented golden run since last year.

Owned by racing enthusiast Nirmal Singh, the stud farm named after his late father Hazara Singh, has set Indian racing on fire. The stud farm has produced in the last one year the winners of Bangalore Derby, Indian Derby, Golconda Derby, Calcutta Derby and the winner of India’s juvenile race, the Poonawalla Breeders’ Multi-Million in Murioi. With Toroloco standing tall amongst the contenders of this Sunday’s Indian Turf Invitation Cup, Hazara Stud Farm’s resident stallion Rebuttal could add another feather to his distinguished cap. Last year’s Kolkata sensation Dandified is also make a bid for the coveted cup.

Originally operating as a small set up at Ambala, Nirmal Singh expanded the scale of operations by setting up the yearling station at Belgad which on three sides is surrounded by forests and one side by the Yamuna River. The land is fertile and the environment conducive for breeding top class horses. Space is not a constraint as each of the paddocks is more than about 20 acres which enables the weanlings and yearlings enough space to run about and grow as robust specimens. The stud farm also has committed staff and they also break in the yearlings and by the time they enter the race track, they require very little time to get race fit. Since the preliminary training has already been imparted, the yearlings from this stud farm are not raw like most purchases from other stud farms. The excellent environment under which the horses grow into stronger specimens from weanlings is also the single most important factor that has helped the stud farm to make a big splash on the Indian racing scene.

High achievers spot rich opportunities swiftly, make big decisions quickly and move into action immediately. Follow these principles and you can make your dreams come true goes a saying. Nirmal Singh was quick to spot opportunities as he bought in a big manner pregnant mares from Goff’s and also from Keeneland, Tattersall and Arquana sales to upgrade the breeding stock. This helped the horses bred at the stud farm to make a big splash in a short span of time. Though every stud farm in India buys pregnant mares abroad every year, one can safely say that Nirmal Singh has been pretty lucky in this regard. While Red Baron, Tintinnabulation, Machiavellianism, Murioi et al are products of such purchases, his resident stallion Rebuttal (Mr Greeley) has proved to be an outstanding sire, belying expectations of his progeny being not capable of tackling trips beyond a mile. Dandified, Toroloco and Super Storm today stand testimony to the value of their sire Rebuttal. Super Storm won the Indian Derby over 12 furlongs while last year’s Bangalore Derby winner Toroloco has proved to be an outstanding stayer. In short, the stud farm has been able to produce solid performers who are capable of taking the hard grind of continuous racing over varying trips.

The stud farm has another ace up its sleeve in its new stallion Dancing Forever (Rahy) whose first crop will be beginning their racing career sometime in November later this year. ''I have high hopes on the produce of Dancing Forever and it is my belief that they are even better than that of Rebuttal,’’ says Nirmal Singh with an air of confidence. ''I am planning to import one more stallion to further strengthen my breeding operation,’’ he added. Given the infrastructure that the stud farm has with over 400 acres of fertile land, Hazara Stud Farm has no problem with the space even if the crop size were to double in the coming years.

The Hazara Stud Farm success is built on sound foundation. The stud farm has enjoyed classic success with got abroad horses and also home bred horses which is what makes the future of the stud farm safe. Importantly for the stud farm, there has been tremendous pedigree upgrade in the form of the previous progeny of the mares picking up big races after they have been sold to the stud farm. Sun Shower was the dam of Europe’s second best horse of last year Excelebration in the year of the great Frankel and the mare was bought back for a big price by Ireland’s biggest stud farm Coolmore. Goffs has been a happy hunting ground for Nirmal Singh where mares picked up at modest prices have turned out be money spinners after coming to India.

The Hazara Stud Farm has made a big splash on the Indian racing within a short span of it expanding its scale of operations. The stud farm also had the unique record of first four finishers of the Indian 2000 Guineas being its products. Success is the consequence of applying basic fundamentals and given the strong fundamentals that guide the running of the farm, Hazara Stud Farm should be a stud farm to reckon with for years to come. Achievement comes when pursuing a goal with dedication and commitment. Nirmal Singh can be proud of the fact that his hard work and vision have paid off.












Stud 4

Horse manure: An easy guide to composting - Features - Horsetalk.co.nz Horse dung may have its shortcomings, but it has also received some bad press.

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