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Parts of speech are the classification of words categorized by their roles and functions within the structure of the language.

Parts of speech encompass everything a language has in itself. Can you imagine all the words of a language can be sorted into these categories? They play different roles in the structure of a language.
In English, there are eight parts of speech:

NounPronounVerbAdjectiveAdverbPrepositionConjunctionInterjection

Noun

Noun refers to people, places, things, ideas, concepts, etc.

Example: Michael is a good boy. Melbourne is the best city.

Pronoun

A pronoun is used to refer to a noun/noun phrase, or nouns/noun phrases; instead of the repeated use of the same noun(s)/noun phrase(s).

Example: Michael is a good boy. He gets up early in the morning.

Verb

Verb shows an action or an ongoing condition. It is considered as the heart of a sentence.

Example: Alex is going home. He loves his home.

Adjective

Adjective modifies or describes noun in a sentence.

Example: Alex loves his beautiful daughters. His daughters also love their caring father.

Adverb

Adverbs modify or describe adjectives, verbs, or other adverbs. It answers the questions When? Where? How? or How much?

Example: He is running fast. She always reads attentively.

Preposition

Preposition gives context to nouns in relationship to other nouns or pronouns.

Example: I am going to France. France is in Europe.

Conjunction

A conjunction connects nouns, noun phrases, clauses or sentences together.

Example: Julie love chocolate and chips. She loves pasta, but she hates pizza.

Interjection

Interjections are brief and abrupt pauses in speech, usually used for expressing emotions.

Example: Oh! That feels terrible. Alas! They have lost the match.

If the word “one” is used in a sentence to refer to any particular person then the following pronoun should be one, he or she to refer that same person. It is important to keep in mind that if “one” is used at the beginning of the sentence then it cannot be followed up by “you” or “them”. Because the word “one” refers to third person singular number whereas “you” refers to second person singular number and “they” refers to third person plural number.

So, it would mean the disruption of agreement between the noun and the subsequent pronoun which is unacceptable. Similarly, if the word “you” is used at the beginning of a sentence to refer to someone then the subsequent pronoun must also be you to refer that same person.

We cannot use he/she or them or one as the subsequent pronoun because the word “you” means second person singular number whereas he or she means third person singular number and ‘one’ or ‘they’ means third person singular or plural number.

For Example:

If one can afford something better, they should consider buying it.IncorrectIf one can afford something better, you should consider buying it.IncorrectIf one can afford something better, he/she should consider buying it.CorrectIf one can consider something better, one should consider buying it.CorrectOne should always keep their promises.IncorrectOne should always keep your promises.IncorrectOne should always keep his/her promises.CorrectOne should always keep one’s promises.CorrectIf you know the best way, he/she should always follow it.IncorrectIf you know the best way, they should always follow it.IncorrectIf you know the best way, you should always follow it.CorrectYou can never achieve success if they don’t work hard regularly.IncorrectYou can never achieve success if he/she don’t work hard regularly.IncorrectYou can never achieve success if you don’t work hard regularly.CorrectYou should always believe in himself/herself.IncorrectYou should always believe in themselves.IncorrectYou should alway

In traditional grammar, word is the basic unit of language. Words can be classified according to their action and meaning, but it is challenging to define.

A word refers to a speech sound, or a mixture of two or more speech sounds in both written and verbal form of language. A word works as a symbol to represent/refer to something/someone in language to communicate a specific meaning.

Example : ‘love’, ‘cricket’, ‘sky’ etc.

'[A word is the] smallest unit of grammar that can stand alone as a complete utterance, separated by spaces in written language and potentially by pauses in speech.' (David Crystal, The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the English Language. Cambridge University Press, 2003)

Morphology, a branch of linguistics, studies the formation of words. The branch of linguistics that studies the meaning of words is called lexical semantics.

There are several criteria for a speech sound, or a combination of some speech sounds to be called a word.

There must be a potential pause in speech and a space in written form between two words.
For instance, suppose ‘ball’ and ‘bat’ are two different words. So, if we use them in a sentence, we must have a potential pause after pronouncing each of them. It cannot be like “Idonotplaywithbatball.” If we take pause, these sounds can be regarded as seven distinct words which are ‘I,' ‘do,' ‘not,' ‘play,' ‘with,' ‘bat,' and ‘ball.'Every word must contain at least one root. If you break this root, it cannot be a word anymore.
For example, the word ‘unfaithful’ has a root ‘faith.' If we break ‘faith’ into ‘fa’ and ‘ith,' these sounds will not be regarded as words.Every word must have a meaning.
For example, the sound ‘lakkanah’ has no meaning in the English language. So, it cannot be an English word.