Veer in China

اگر آپ نے Pi مس کیا ہے تو کوئی بات نہیں Rubi مس نہ کریں یہ Pi سے بھی بڑا پراجیکٹ ہے آنے والے وقت میں آپ اس سے بہت زیادہ کمائی کرسکتے ہیں۔ پلے سٹور کھولیں Rubi کو انسٹال کریں اور روزانہ مائینگ کرتے جائیں شکریہ۔

میرا ریفرل کوڈ ہے ziauom88

CHROMATOGRAPHY (4)
■ High performance thin layer
chromatography (hptlc).
●Aim of hptlc
●Advantage of hptlc
● Methodology of hptlc
■ Partition chromatography.
>Paper chromatography
●Choice of paper
●Sample application
●Choice of solvent
●Development of chromatogram
●One dimension flow of solvent
●Two dimension flow of solvent.
● Radial flow of solvent.
●Application of PC.

Easy and important

CHROMATOGRAPHY (3)
■ Adsorption chromatography.
● Nature and type of adsorbent.
● Mechanism of adsorption
Chromatography.
● Choice of adsorbent.
● Limitation of adsorption
Chromatography.
■ Thin layer chromatography.
● Choice of adsorbent.
● Binder.
● Choice of mobile phase.
● Preparation of chromatogram
● Sample application.
● Development of chromatogram.
● Detection of spots.
● Rf value.
● Quantitative analysis.
● Advantage of TLC.
● Limitation of TLC.
● Application of TLC.
■ Column chromatography.
● Choice of adsorbent.
● Choice of solvent.
● Column packing.
● Sample application
● Development of chromatogram.
● Retention time.
● Retention volume
● Channelling effect.
● Technique of column
chromatography.
> Frontal technique.
> Displacement technique.
> Elution technique.
● Application of column
Chromatography

CHROMATOGRAPHY (2)
■Techniques of chromatography.
● Elution technique.
● Displacement technique.
● Frontal technique.
■Theories of chromatography
● Plate theory.
● Rate theory.
> Column efficiency by rate
theory.
■ Factor responsible for
chromatography band broading.
● Eddy diffusion.
● longitudinal diffusion.
● Mass transfer effect.
> van deemer equation.

CHROMATOGRAPHY (1)
# Introduction.
Chromatography can be define by
single word QIPS.
Quantification
Identification
Purification
Separation
> principle of chromatography
●Mobile phase
●stationery phase
> History of chromatography
> Classification of chromatography
■Based on the way stationery
phase is held.
●column chromatography.
●planner chromatography.
■Based on phase
●liquid liquid chromatography.
●liquid solids chromatography.
●gas liquid chromatography.
●gas solids chromatography.
■ Based on shape.
●column chromatography
●thin layer chromatography
●paper chromatography
■ Based on principal.
●adsorption
●partition
●ions exchange
●size exclusion
● affinity
■ Based on polarity of phase.
● normal chromatography.
● reverse chromatography.

chemistry

* Galvanic cell
> Daniel cell
* liquid junction potential.
*Nernst equation.
* Measurement of PH.
* Latimer and Frost diagram.
* Reference or standard electrode.
> primary standard electrode
> secondary standard electrode.