All Pakistan Physiotherapy Organisation

🔶🔸OCCIPITAL NEURALGIA🔸🔶

Occipital Neuralgia or C2 Neuralgia is a form of headache in which there is throbbing electric-shock like pain in upper neck, back of head, and behind ears generally occurring on one side of head.

There Are Two Major Types of Occipital Neuralgia or C2 Neuralgia:

🔶 Greater Occipital Neuralgia: is a common type of posttraumatic headache, but is also seen in patients without injury. The pressure, aching, stabbing, or throbbing pain may be in a nuchal-occipital, temporal, parietal, frontal, periorbital, or retro-orbital distribution. The headache may last for minutes or hours to days and can be unilateral or bilateral.

🔶 Lesser Occipital Neuralgia: is similar to that of greater occipital neuralgia, but the pain generally refers more laterally over the head.

🔸 Symptoms:

- Burning, aching and throbbing pain that starts typically at the base of the head and radiates to the scalp
- Pain can be on one side or both sides of the head
- Sensitivity to light
- Pain behind the eye
- Scalp tenderness
- Pain when moving the neck.

🔸Treatment of Occipital Neuralgia

- Pain killers
- Applying heat to the neck
- Resting in a quiet room
- Massage of the tight and painful neck muscles
- Muscle relaxants
- Surgery.

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🔵CERVICAL HERNIATED DISC🔵




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🔴CLAW HAND 🔴

⭕️CAUSES

⭕️DIAGNOSIS

⭕️TREATMENT





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🟠Ataxia

🔸A neurological sign consisting of lack of voluntary coordination of muscle movements that can include gait abnormality, speech changes, and abnormalities in eye movements.
🔸Ataxia is a clinical manifestation indicating dysfunction of the parts of the nervous system that coordinate movement, such as the cerebellum.

🟠Causes

🔸Focal lesions
🔸Exogenous substances (metabolic ataxia)
🔸Radiation poisoning
🔸Vitamin B12 deficiency
🔸Hypothyroidism
🔸Head trauma
🔸Stroke
🔸Cerebral palsy
🔸Autoimmune diseases

🟠Symptoms

🔸Poor coordination
🔸Unsteady walk and a tendency to stumble
🔸Difficulty with fine motor tasks, such as eating, writing or buttoning a shirt
🔸Change in speech
🔸Involuntary back-and-forth eye movements (nystagmus)
🔸Difficulty swallowing

◾️ EXERCISE TO STOP SHAKY HAND▪️
💢- Hand tremors is not special disease , there is no need to worry , in fact this problem can only interfere with your daily activities , so it is necessary to treat it . Here are some exercises to stop shaky hands .

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🔴COLLE'S FRACTURE 🔴
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🔷️ROLE OF PHYSIOTHERAPY IN CANCER





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🔺PROPRIOCEPTION🔺

Posture and balance are a result of the interaction of a number of sensory feedbacks and the resulting muscular responses.
The sensory feedback comes from proprioceptors.
🔺Points
♦️ The proprioceptors detect any changes in movement or position and any changes in tension, or force, within the body.
♦️They are found in all nerve endings of the joints, muscles, and tendons.

♦️FOOT : Pressure sensors in the soles of the feet and proprioceptors in the ankle joints detect the proportion of weight distributed between left and right and between the balls and heels of the feet.

♦️EARS: The vestibular apparatus of the ears can detect any change in equilibrium, even before it occurs, and send messages to the brain.

♦️EYES: The eyes detect a level horizon and feedback to the brain causes postural adjustment to try to keep the eyes parallel with that horizon.

♦️MUSCLES : Neurological structures in muscle and tendon tissue (the muscle spindles and Golgi tendon organs - which are also types of proprioceptors) detect changes in muscle tensions and the rate of that change.