08/08/2026
Tamarix aphylla (L.) H. Karst.
Family Tamaricaceae — Tamarisk family
Common names -Salt cedar
Farash / Farash tree — commonly used in Pakistan
Ghaz — a local name used in parts of South Asia
Evergreen or semi-evergreen tree, usually 6–15 m tall
Stem is woody, much-branched; bark becomes dark and rough with age
Leaves very small, scale-like, closely appressed to the branches; give the plant a needle-like appearance
Flowers are small, white to pinkish; arranged in slender spikes/racemes
Stamens are numerous and conspicuous
Fruit is small capsule containing numerous tiny, hairy seeds
Roots are deep and extensive, allowing survival in dry and saline soils
Found at deserts, riverbanks, saline soils and arid/semi-arid regions. Highly tolerant of salinity, drought and heat
Economic importance
1. Planted around agricultural fields and settlements to reduce wind velocity and soil erosion.
2. Its extensive root system helps stabilize soil and sand in arid regions.
3. It can grow in highly saline soils where many other plants cannot survive, making it useful in the management of degraded lands.
4. Its wood is used locally as firewood and fuel.
5. The wood can be used for poles, fencing and some simple construction purposes.
6. Its flowers can provide nectar for bees, contributing to honey production.
7. Because of its drought and salt tolerance, it is planted along roadsides and in dry landscapes.
8. Provides shelter and habitat for various organisms and helps protect soil in harsh environments.
IN SHORT
Tamarix aphylla is an important halophytic, drought-tolerant tree of arid and saline regions, widely useful as a windbreak, soil stabilizer and fuelwood source.
Family: Tamaricaceae
Common name: ghaz, salt cedar
Major adaptations: Drought tolerance + salt tolerance + deep roots.
