26/03/2026
Class 10 Federal Session 2025-26
Important Sq of Physics
60% will be in paper IA
Plus Pictures of Long Questions & numericals
1. What is meant by specific heat capacity of substance? Write its formula and SI unit?
2. Why temperature remains moderate between summer and winter in coastal areas?
3. Why water used as cooling agent in vehicles and industrial process?
4. How do land and sea breezes form, and what role do temperature difference between land and sea water play in these breezes?
5. Explain how birds are able to fly for hours without flapping their wings and gliders are able to rise by riding on thermal currents?
6. Differentiate between evaporation and boiling of liquids?
7. How evaporation cause cooling?
8. Which factors affect the rate of evaporation?
9. Differentiate between real and apparent volume expansion?
10. Differentiate between latent heat of fusion and vaporization?
11. Explain melting, solidification, boiling and condensation in term of energy transfer without a change in temperature?
12. Describe the use of cooling caused by evaporation in the refrigeration process without using harmful CFC’s?
13. How pressure of gas in a container change with change in temperature, volume and amount of substances?
14. Determine the affect of surface color and texture on the emission, absorption and reflection of infrared radiation?
15. How food is preserved using deposition and sublimation?
16. Describe the feature of wave in term of wavefront, wavelength, frequency, time period, crest and trough, compression and rarefaction, amplitude and wave speed?
17. Figure out the relationship \bm{v = f \lambda}
18. Differentiate between mechanical and electromagnetic wave?
19. Differentiate between seismic S and P wave?
20. Differentiate between longitudinal and transverse wave?
21. How wavelength and gap size affect diffraction at an edge?
22. What will happen to wavelength, speed, and frequency of water wave in ripple tank if wave enter from deep to shallow part of water?
23. Describe the longitudinal nature of sound waves?
24. Differentiate between infrasonic and ultrasonic waves?
25. Justify why sound wave cannot travel in vacuum?
26. Write any three uses of ultrasound in our daily life?
27. Differentiate between pitch and loudness?
28. Describe how change in amplitude and frequency affects the loudness and pitch of sound waves?
29. How different sound source produce sound wave with different timbers?
30. How do the wavelength of a wave change if its frequency is doubled in a medium while speed remain constant?
31. Why does sky appear blue during the day?
32. Define echo and mentioned necessary condition for human hearing of echo?
33. Compare reflection, refraction and diffraction of sound?
34. Define the term normal, angle of incidence and angle of reflection and refraction?
35. Define refractive index n as \bm{n = \frac{\sin(i)}{\sin(r)}}. Apply snells law \bm{n_i \sin(i) = n_r \sin(r)} to solve problem?
36. Derive the equation \bm{n = \frac{1}{\sin(c)}}.
37. Mentioned any three advantages of use of optical fiber?
38. Diagrammatically represent the light signal transmission through optical fiber?
39. Differentiate between real and virtual images?
40. Analyze the action of thin converging and thin diverging lenses on a parallel beam of light? Also explain when will a converging lens act as a magnifying glass, show it by ray diagram?
41. Differentiate between shortsightedness and long-sightedness, also draw ray diagram to show formation of images in normal eye, long and short sightedness?
42. Define linear magnification and how we can calculate it?
43. Differentiate between conductors and insulators?
44. Define electromagnetic induction and give one example?
45. Explain how charges are induced by friction, conduction and induction?
46. Differentiate between electric field and electric field line?
47. Explain conventional flow of current?
48. Differentiate alternating and direct current by using current-time graph?
49. Differentiate between potential difference and EMF?
50. Define Ohm law and write its limitations?
51. Interpret current-voltage graphs for a resistor of constant resistance, a filament lamp and a diode?
52. Draw circuit diagram of generator, potential dividers, resister (fixed and variable), thermistors, light-dependent resistors and light emitting diode?
53. Explain working of thermistor and its type (as a negative and positive temperature coefficient)?
54. Justify the advantages of connecting lamps in parallel in a lighting circuit?
55. Figure out the relationship; \bm{P = IV} and \bm{E = IVt}
56. Define the term Kilowatt-hour and calculate the cost of using electrical appliances where the energy units is the kWh.
57. What happen when a live wire touches a metal case that is earthed?
58. Why the outer casing of an electrical appliance must be either non-conducting (double-insulated) or earthed?
59. Differentiate between forward and reverse biased?
60. Differentiate between extrinsic and intrinsic semiconductor?
61. Why do pentavalent impurities called donors and trivalent acceptors?
62. Differentiate between N type and P type semiconductor?
63. Explain the working, truth table and action of logic gates for AND, OR, NAND, NOR and NOT?
64. What is the daily life application of logic gates (burglar alarm, fire extinguish)?
65. Compare digital and analogue electronics?
66. Describe the term electromagnetic induction and how it work?
67. Which factors affect the magnitude of emf?
68. Describe Lenz law and how it explain the fact that current
69. Sketch and interpret graphs of EMF against time for simple alternating current generators?
• 70. Explain the working principle of solenoids?
• 71. How is the magnetic field affected by changing the magnitude and direction of the current?
• 72. The turning effect that is experienced by a current-carrying coil in a magnetic field is increased by increasing:
• A. The number of turns in a coil
• B. The current
• C. The strength of the magnetic field
• 73. Figure out the relationship: \bm{V_p/V_s = N_p/N_s}
• 74. Explain the main regions of the electromagnetic spectrum in order of frequency and in order of wavelength? (Chapter #20)
• 75. Figure out the speed of all electromagnetic waves in a vacuum and air?
• 76. How does the scattering of light by molecules in the air give the sky its blue color during the day and its shades of red during sunset?
• 77. Define the terms proton number and nucleon number? (Chapter #21)
• 78. Explain the concept of isotopes?
• 79. Describe spontaneous and random emission of radiation from a nucleus?
• 80. Compare alpha, beta, and gamma radiation?
• 81. Justify the order of strength of three types of radiation in terms of their ionizing effects, penetrating powers, and deflection in magnetic and electric fields?
• 82. Explain the term radioactive decay and how it occurs?
• 83. Explain the law of conservation of energy?
• 84. How is carbon dating helpful in our daily life?
• 85. Figure out the relationship: \bm{E=mc^2}
