tagalog4you

25 USEFUL TAGALOG VERBS
ROOT / infinitive / "equivalent"

1. GISING / gumising / "to wake up"
2. TULOG / matulog / "to sleep"
3. TAYÔ / tumayô / "to get up"
4. UPÔ / umupô / "to sit down"
5. SIPILYO / magsipilyo / "to brush teeth"

6. LIGÒ / maligò / "to take a bath"
7. BIHIS / magbihis / "to dress up"
8. KAIN / kumain / "to eat"
9. INÓM / uminóm / "to drink"
10. LUTO / magluto / "to cook"

11. SAING / magsaing / "to cook rice"
12. HUGAS / maghugas / "to wash"
13. BILÍ / bumilí / "to buy"
14. PUNTÁ / pumuntá / "to go to a place"
15. ALÍS / umalís / "to leave"

16. DATÍNG / dumatíng / "to arrive"
17. LAKAD / maglakád / "to walk"
18. TAKBÓ / tumakbó / "to run"
19. LANGÓY / lumangóy / "to swim"
20. ARAL / mag-aral / "to study"
20. BASA / magbasá / "to read"

21. SULAT / magsulát / "to write"
22. TANÓNG / magtanóng / "to ask"
23. SALITÂ / magsalitâ / "to speak"
24. KINÍG / makiníg / "to listen"
25. BIGÁY / magbigáy / "to give"

Let's construct sentences with this format:

Gusto kong VERB1 pero ayokong VERB2.
(I like VERB1 but I don't like VERB2)

Verb1/Verb2 = use the infinitive form

Example:

Gusto kong MAGSALITA pero ayokong MAGSULAT.
(I like to speak but I don't like to write)

Try it and leave your sentences in the comment section and put the translation.

One of the subjects in my Filipino Major was Translation. And I have learned that the best translation is the simplest and closest to its contextual meaning. By 'simplest', it means the shortest version but not going away from its context.

For example, how would you translate:

"I got fat by eating a lot."

Let's do it part by part first before simplifying the translation.

(a) I got fat
= Tumaba ako

(b) by
= sa pamamagitan ng

(c) eating a lot
= pagkain ng marami

(1) Tumaba ako sa pamamagitan ng pagkain ng marami.

Effect:
Tumaba ako.

Cause:
Pagkain ng marami.

kain ako nang kain* = pagkain ng marami

*Repeating a verb with the use of 'nang' means habitually or continually doing it

(2) Tumaba ako dahil sa kain nang kain.
or
Kain ako nang kain kaya tumaba.

dahil sa (cause conjuctor)
kaya (effect conjunctor)

Finally, let's shorten the phrase 'kain nang kain'

kakakain** = kain nang kain (continuous eating)

**Using the prefix -ka and by repeating the first syllable of the root (kain becomes kakain = kakakain) means doing the action expressed by the root continuously

(3) Tumaba ako (effect) dahil sa kakakain (cause).

So we have these three translations:
1. Tumaba ako sa pamamagitan ng pagkain ng marami.
2. Tumaba ako dahil sa kain nang kain.
3. Tumaba ako dahil sa kakakain.

And of the three, we choose the simplest.

FINAL TRANSLATION:
Tumaba ako, kakakain.
(I got fat by eating a lot)

Note: The cause conjuctor 'dahil sa' was omitted by using a comma after the effect phrase.

Exercise:
Can you translate the following sentences using the methods discussed above. Goodluck and leave your answers in the comment section below.

1. I became happier by always smiling.
2. I got smarter by studying habitually.
3. I passed the exam by reviewing a lot.

Hint:

sumaya (to become happy)
mas / lalo (more)
ngiti (smile)
tumalino (to become smart)
aral (study)
pasa (pass)

Geography Now! Philippines You Filipino Geograpeeps said you could dethrone Germany by making THIS episode the most watched. Let's see if you can make that happen. Thanks guest stars! ...

Question of the Day

Kapag gabi masyadong malamig na rito. Hindi pa ginagamit yung heater namin kaya dalawang kumot na lang.

It's really cold here at night. We're not using our heater yet, so we just use two blankets.

Tama ba? (Is it right?)

Teacher Jim replies,

First Translation:
Malamig (cold) talaga (really) rito (here) sa (at) gabi (night). Hindi (not) pa (yet) namin (we, exclusive) ginagamit (are using) ang aming heater (our heater). Kaya (So) ginagamit (are using) na lang (just) namin (we, exclusive) ang aming (our, exlusive) dalawang kumot (two blankets).

Option:
..kaya dinodoble na lang namin ang aming kumot.
(...so we are using two blankets).

dinodoble = to double or to use two fabrics to cover one's body

Revision:
Malamig talaga rito sa gabi. Hindi pa namin ginagamit IYONG heater NAMIN, kaya DINODOBLE na lang namin IYONG kumot NAMIN. (revision in caps)

Grammar Note:
Use 'iyong' instead of 'ang' for an object focused sentence when giving an abstract idea to readers who are far away. Remember 'iyong' ('yung) means "that over there" (something is far from both the listener and speaker or when giving abstract ideas).

The use of second 'namin' instead of 'aming' (possessive pronoun "our") to make it rhyming and for easier fluidity. Notice the use of first 'namiin' (object pronoun "we").

Hence,
1st namin = we, exlusive (object pronoun)
2nd namin = our, exclusive (possessive pronoun)

Final Translation:
Malamig talaga rito sa gabi. Hindi pa namin ginagamit iyong heater namin, kaya dinodoble na lang namin iyong kumot namin.

Question of the Day

Please forgive me if this is a curse word. What does "Magaling kang kupal ka" mean? I keep hearing it in pinoy memes. Also, doesn't 'kang' make the final 'ka' redundant? Salamat!

Teacher Jim replies,

Kupal has different meanings depending on the context. Here are the possible meanings:

¹ noun. sm**ma or the sweat or dried dead skin cells under the fo****in of a male p***s which develops a bacteria that stinks usually if the p***s is uncircumsized

Ang baho ng kupal ng t**i mo.
(Your p***s's sm**ma stinks)

² noun. a jerk or someone who is not well-liked and treats other people badly; a stupid person

Walang magawang tama ang kupal na iyan!
(That jerk can't do anything right!)

³ noun. a prick or contemptible man often having some authority; someone with authority who is not worthy of respect or approval

Mga kupal lahat itong mga pulitikong puro pangako at hindi tinutupad ang mga sinasabi.
(These politicians who are full of promises and do not honor their words are all bunch of pricks.)

4 noun - an obnoxious person who makes people offended, annoyed or disgusted that they want to get away with

Hoy kupal ka! Asar na asar kaming lahat sa iyo kaya naman lumayas ka.
(Hey you, jerk/dick/prick/! We are all annoyed with so please leave.)

5 - a buddy or a friend and when pronounced in a light tone, it is not deragatory or offensive (like the example setence above)

Magaling kang kupal ka.
(You're great, friend/buddy)

Grammar Note:
'Magaling ka' means "you're great" and notice the first ka is spelled 'kang'. Adding -ng to ka means who/that/which especially if it is followed by a noun. Hence, 'magaling kang kupal' means 'you are a great buddy' from 'ikaw ay magaling na kupal (kaibigan)' and inversely written 'magaling kang kupal'. Now adding a second 'ka' after 'kupal' seems to be redundant but it actually is used to emphasized that the person whom the speaker is talking with (that is you) is the one he refers as 'magaling kang kupal' (you're a great buddy).

Magaling kang kupal ka!
(Hey you, you're a great buddy!)

In Comparison and for Syntax:

Ikaw ay magaling.
Magaling ka.
(You're great.)

Magaling na kupal.
(geat buddy)

Ikaw ay magaling na kupal.
Magaling na kupal ka.
Magaling kang kupal.
(You're a great buddy)

Ikaw, ikaw ay magaling na kupal!
Ikaw, magaling na kupal ka!
Ikaw, magaling kang kupal!
Magaling kang kupal ka!
(Hey you, you're a great buddy!)

SENTENCE CONSTRUCTION
The goal of this activity is for you to be able to construct simple sentences like introducing oneself or others or any other common nouns.

Table 1. Ang or Subject Pronouns
Ako - I
Ikaw/Ka* - You singular
Siya - He/She

Kami - We excluding the listener
Tayo - We including the listener
Kayo - You plural
Sila - They

*Ikaw is used initially and Ka otherwise.

Table 2. Noun Markers
Si - Personal name singular
Sina** - Personal name plural
Ang - common noun singular
Ang mga - common noun plural

** Sina is used for two names using 'at' (and). E.g. Sina Jim AT Roy (Jim and Roy)

Format:
Ang pronoun + noun/s
Ako si Jim.
(I am Jim.)

Note: Don't forget to use the noun markers.

Exercise:
1. He is Ryan.
2. You are Jack and Jill.
3. They are Tom and Jerry.
4. I am the teacher. (g**o)
5. You are the student. (mag-aaral)
6. We (exclusive) are the children. (bata)
7. We (inclusive) are the hope. (pag-asa)
8. You are Ana.
9. They are the people. (tao)
10. She is the cook. (tagaluto)

Kindly comment down your answers below. Happy learning! (for non-natives only)

Question of the Day

What does LIGONG LIGO mean ? THANKS ! I think that I know but I want to be sure :-(

Teacher Jim replies,

¹Ligúng-ligô
²Ligung-ligò (from 'naligung-naligò')

1 (adjective) very keen on taking a bath
2 (verb) someone who had just an overly bathing or soaked so wet from the rain or sweat and is used as a hyperbole like having a bath from rain or sweat. (similiar to 'basáng-basâ' from 'nabasáng-nabasâ')

Examples
1 Sobrang init ng panahón at ligúng-ligô na akó.
(The weather is extremely hot that I am so excited taking a bath.)

2 Ligung-ligò na akó kayá namán nápakalinis at bangó ko na.
(I had an overly bathing already that I look so clean and smell so good now.)

Comparison:
Naligung-naligò na akó sa ulan.
Ligung-ligò na akó sa ulan. (reduced)
(I'm so soaked already from the rain)

Nabasáng-nabasâ na akó sa ulan.
Basáng-basâ na akó sa ulan. (reduced)
(I'm so soaked already from the rain.)

https://youtu.be/JqbyDGfV_Ig

Meet the "Puting Pinoy" vlogger Jared Ammon Gilet, with his flawless Tagalog and ties to Philippine culture, hopes to inspire young Fil-Ams to learn the Filipino language. Gilet says his Yo...

Filipino Grammar Test 2. If you think the first one was easy, now let's have a more challenging one. Find any grammatical error and correct them if necessary.

1. Nagkita ang mga sampung bata.
2. Gusto kong kumain ng iba't-ibang ulam.
3. Maganda ang mga dilag.
4. Ubod ng saya siya.
5. Kumain tayo ng dalagang-bukid.
6. Kulay dilaw din ang paborito ko.
7. Taga-sulat siya ng paalala.
8. Mukha yatang uulan.
9. Napakabait sila.
10. Kay ganda ng bahag-hari sa langit!

Good luck! Happy learning.

Dahil sa Buwan ng Wika, magpapalaro muna ako. Magbibigay ako ng regalo sa makakakuha ng perfect iskor.

FILIPINO GRAMMAR TEST: Let's test your Grammar Skills in Tagalog. Open for both Native speakers and foreigners.

Can you guess which of the following sentences have grammatical errors by formal standards and how would you correct them?

1. Kamusta ka, Ana?
2. Mabuti din naman. Ikaw?
3. Mayroong kumain ng tinapay.
4. Nasaan ang c.r. dito?
5. Ang oras ay ikalima nang hapon.
6. Gumising ako ng maaga.
7. Gisingin mo ako nang umaga.
8. Mas lalong maganda ka ngayon.
9. Gusto ko kumain ng mangga.
10. Saan ang bolpen ko?

Say hello to Teacher Jim. Kumusta kayong lahat?

Question of the Day:

The pseudo verb:
Previous posts have said that the pseudo verbs: Gusto, kailangan, ayaw will always use an object focused pronoun like ko, mo, niya, nila. natin, namin and ninyo,

My question is: in a simple statement like,
'You need to relax' would you say:
- kailangan mo mag-relax.
Or
- kailangan mo relaxin.

How would you say:
'You need to repeat it.'

Teacher Jim replies,

Sentences with pseudo verbs like 'gusto', 'nais', 'ibig' (want/like), 'ayaw', (not want/not like), 'kailangan' (need) followed by a noun phrase functioning as object or goal, DO NOT REQUIRE A SUBJECT WHEN THE OBJECT IS INDEFINITE. By indefinite, it means any kind of that thing or NONSPECIFIC.

Examples:
Gusto ni Jim ng mansanas.
(Jim likes an apple.)

Ayaw ni Jim ng mansanas
(Jim doesn't like an apple.)

Kailangan ni Jim ng mansanas.
(Jim needs an apple.)

Grammar Note:
The actor and indefinite object patient take a nonfocused or nonsubject phrase. It could be any kind of apple, red apple or green apple, as long as it is an apple, that Jim likes/doesn't like/needs. Hence,

Actor: ...ni Jim
Indefinite Object: ...ng mansanas

However, IF THE OBJECT IS DEFINITE, IT MUST BE THE SUBJECT.

Examples:
Gusto ni Jim ANG mansanas.
(Jim likes THE apple.)

Ayaw ni Jim ANG mansanas.
(Jim doesn't like THE apple.)

Kailangan ni Jim ANG mansanas.
(Jim needs THE apple.)

The actor is still unfocused, but the definite object becomes focused as it is the subject. It could be THE APPLE which both the speaker and listener know, the red apple or the green apple or the apple in discussion. That SPECIFIC apple.

Also, the actor patient can be replaced by any object or unfocused pronoun like 'ko' (I), 'mo' (you, sg.), 'niya' (he/she), 'natin' (we, inclusive), 'namin' (we, exclusive), 'ninyo' (you, pl.), and 'nila' (they).

Examples:

Gusto NIYA ng mansanas.
(He/She likes an apple.)

Gusto NIYA ang mansanas.
(He/She likes the apple.)

Ayaw NIYA ng mansanas.
(He/She doesn't like an apple.)

Ayaw NIYA ang mansanas.
(He/She doesn't like the apple.)

Kailangan NIYA ng mansanas.
(He/She needs an apple.)

Kailangan NIYA ang mansanas.
(He/She needs the apple.)

Now, going back to your question in a statement like, 'You need TO RELAX.' When a verb is present in the pseudo sentences like 'gusto', 'ayaw', 'kailangan' which is roughly similar to the English "like to relax," or "don't like to relax," or "need to relax," THE ACTOR-FOCUS VERB REQUIRES NO SUBJECT, WHILE THE OBJECT-FOCUS VERB REQUIRES AN OBJECT. Hence,

Kailangan ni Jim Na MAG-relax.
(Jim needs to relax.)

Kailangan moNG MAG-relax.
(You need to relax.)

Notice the linker na/-ng after the actor and the use of actor-focus prefix 'mag' (in 'mag-relax') has no subject in the above example.

Now, if the verb is in object-focus, then it requires a subject. It answers the question what needs to be relaxed. Hence, the use of -i prefix. But to some object-focus verbs, affixes -in and -an/-han are used.

Examples:

Kailangan mong I-relax ANG paa mo.
(You need to relax your feet.)

Gusto ni Jim kainIN ANG mansanas .
(Jim likes to eat the apple.)

Ayaw mong kalimutAN SIYA.
(You don't like to forget him/her.)

Kailangan nating puntaHAN ang ospital.
(We need to go to the hospital.)

So to say, 'You need to repeat it,'
Kailangan moNG ulitIN ITO.

The use of object-focus verb 'ulitin' requires a subject 'ito'.

However, if you will use the intransitive verb 'repeat' to mean that you need to do something again or say something again, then you will use an actor-focus verb that requires no subject.

Example:
Kailangan mong UMulit.
(You need to repeat.)

I hope this answered your question clearly. Happy learning!