Veterinary Medicine Library, Benguet State University

Methane is a Rumen Story

🗞 Why methane reduction starts in the rumen, not in policy 🐄
Methane is often discussed as an emissions problem. In reality, it’s a digestion problem. Every gram of methane represents energy that the animal never gets to use. That energy loss happens because of how microbes handle hydrogen during fermentation. When rumen fermentation is inefficient, hydrogen builds up and methanogens step in. When fermentation is directed toward propionate and microbial growth, methane naturally declines.

This is why real methane reduction doesn’t begin with targets or penalties. It begins with:
• Feed fermentability, not just feed additives
• Rumen pH stability.
• Fibre quality & particle structure
• Synchrony between energy & nitrogen
• Microbial adaptation over time
Additives can help. But without fixing the rumen environment, their effects are temporary & inconsistent.

The most durable methane solutions are ones that also improve feed efficiency, animal health, and farm profitability.

Full-text (e-copy) of the Anthologies of Research Abstracts for the Doctor of Veterinary Medicine (1988-2024) and for the Bachelor of Science in Animal Technology (1979-2002) of the College of Veterinary Medicine - Benguet State University & Veterinary Medicine Library, Benguet State University is now available online via:

Doctor of Veterinary Medicine: An Anthology of Research Abstracts (1988-2024) First Edition ISBN: 9789710054854 : https://tinyurl.com/mtmb7v6c

Bachelor of Science in Animal Technology: An Anthology of Research Abstracts (1978-2002) ISBN: 978971054847 : https://tinyurl.com/3kmxx6kw

ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Encoders/Document Scanning Clerks:
Annabelle T. Sorano, Caren A. Dimas, Nancy P. Sadaken,
Harley Dave M. Pilaspilas.

Cover page design:
Harley Dave M. Pilaspilas, Froilan Den R. Javier, & Monica Luz C. To

Lay-out and design:
Amita Roselle Genove, Sabrina Jean Dacsig, John Carlo Aberin, Jimmy Dela Cruz Jr., & Zynah Valdez. The Gray Owl, Official Student Publication, CVM-BSU

The Gray Owl
Veterinary Medicine Student Government
Rodeo Club - Benguet State University Chapter
Interdependent Study Organization of Students - ISOS - BSU Chapter
VKV-VLV Zeta Chapter
Benguet State University Library & Information Services

SCHEDULE OF TOGA BORROWING

𝐀𝐓𝐓𝐄𝐍𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍: 𝐆𝐫𝐚𝐝𝐮𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐒𝐭𝐮𝐝𝐞𝐧𝐭𝐬 🎓

What: Schedule of Toga Borrowing
When: June 11, 2026 (8:00-5:00)
Where: CHET- RSDC 213

Please be informed of the scheduled date and make sure to secure your cap and gown to be grad-ready 💯

Schedule of Toga Borrowing FOR FACULTY MEMBERS is on June 22, 2025.

𝗗𝗢𝗚 𝗣𝗢𝗢𝗣 𝗘𝗠𝗘𝗥𝗚𝗘𝗦 𝗔𝗦 𝗡𝗘𝗪 𝗧𝗛𝗥𝗘𝗔𝗧 𝗧𝗢 𝗕𝗔𝗚𝗨𝗜𝗢 𝗥𝗜𝗩𝗘𝗥𝗦

𝗔𝗙𝗧𝗘𝗥 𝗣𝗜𝗚𝗚𝗘𝗥𝗜𝗘𝗦, 𝗗𝗢𝗚 𝗣𝗢𝗢𝗣 𝗘𝗠𝗘𝗥𝗚𝗘𝗦 𝗔𝗦 𝗡𝗘𝗪 𝗧𝗛𝗥𝗘𝗔𝗧 𝗧𝗢 𝗕𝗔𝗚𝗨𝗜𝗢 𝗥𝗜𝗩𝗘𝗥𝗦

The Environmental Management Division of the City Environment and Parks Management Office (EMD-CEPMO) has raised concerns over dog f***s becoming an emerging source of pollution in the city's river systems amid continuing wastewater and sewer problems.

EMD Head Engr. Sofronio Pascua and Environmental Management Specialist Bernadette Pagteilan said improper disposal of animal waste is adding to the already critical pollution affecting the river systems in the city, namely the Balili, Bued, Asin-Gallano, and Ambalanga rivers.

They said dog f***s carry high pollution loads and thus should not be dumped along waterways and drainage canals leading to the rivers.

Based on the inspections being conducted by the CEPMO-EMD, incidents were observed in various areas including communities near the waterways, particularly along the Balili and Bued Rivers, Gibraltar, Barangay Holy Ghost Extension, Pacdal, Greenwater, East Modern Site, Loakan Proper, St. Joseph, M. Roxas, Pinsao Proper, Brooks Point, Honeymoon-Holy Ghost, San Antonio, South Sanitary Camp, Bal-Marcoville, Pinget, Hillside, Scout Barrio, Upper Dagsian, Leonila Hill, Camp 7, Bakakeng Norte and Sur, DPS Compound, Engineers' Hill, Imelda Village, Marcoville, New Lucban, Lopez Jaena, and Sta. Escolastica.

The CEPMO said this could defeat the city's gains in reducing water pollution as a result of the strict implementation of the ban on backyard piggeries.

Pagteilan said past water quality assessments showed some improvement in the rivers' water quality, where f***l coliform levels previously recorded in the trillions had gone down to the billions, but recent reports from the Environmental Management Bureau–Department of Environment and Natural Resources (EMB/DENR-CAR) showed the numbers have jumped back to the trillions.

To avoid contributing to water pollution, pet owners are advised to observe proper disposal of their animals' waste by either flushing it down toilets or burying it in a pit.

Pascua said backyard piggeries, which are totally prohibited in highly urbanized cities like Baguio, had been reduced by a significant percentage.

Continuous monitoring is being conducted to deter those surreptitiously operating their piggery businesses.- Aileen P. Refuerzo