18/07/2025
The Journey of Women in Sport: A Critical Reflection on Social Constraints and Embodied Realities
By T.Broughton
The journey of women in sport is deeply nuanced, shaped not only by physical development and training opportunities, but by embedded social constructs and biases that frequently go unexamined. While female athletes may share similar biomechanical adaptations with juniors who come from sedentary backgrounds, the complexities they face are magnified by their roles as caregivers, providers, and leaders in their communities and homes.
A significant portion of women entering athletic spaces, particularly in contact sports like rugby, do so alongside the responsibilities of motherhood - some as sole parents, others as breadwinners or business owners. Many are navigating physiological stages such as menstruation, pregnancy, postpartum recovery, and menopause. Each stage brings with it specific physical and emotional demands that are too often treated as peripheral, rather than central, to athlete development.
Beyond the biomechanics of movement lies the reality that many of these women have endured prolonged inactivity, not from lack of desire to move, but from lack of systemic support. Their sedentary lifestyle is not born of disinterest, but of structural neglect - an absence of social frameworks that enable mothers, especially young mothers, to continue sport while raising children.
When a mother arrives at training or academic spaces with her baby, discomfort may settle not in her body, but in the room. It is not her presence that disrupts -it is the conditioning of others who have not been shown otherwise. This is not a matter of blame, but of awareness. As the saying goes, people only know what they know. Social bias is not always malicious, but it is deeply ingrained. In such environments, women slowly disappear. They drop out, not due to a lack of will or ability, but due to silent and collective disapproval, rarely named but deeply felt.
Training environments are seldom designed to be inclusive of children. The unspoken rule is: "Training is not a place for babies." Yet for many women, particularly those without established social networks, it must be. When there is no one else to care for the child, the choice becomes binary: train or mother. And the consequence of that choice - often demanded in silence -is a gradual erasure of potential.
Moreover, women tend to connect in order to play, whereas males traditionally play in order to connect. This relational distinction informs how women approach sport and how they remain in it. If connection is strained or severed - due to exclusion, silence, or unmet emotional needs - their motivation to continue diminishes, even when performance potential is high.
It is here that sport must pause and look inward. It is not simply about creating opportunities, but about deconstructing assumptions, redesigning systems, and welcoming presence over performance. Until mothers are seen not as exceptions, but as integral to the landscape of sport - with their babies, their businesses, their emotions, and their lived experiences - the system will remain partial and unjust.
Yet these embodied realities are not the only barriers women face. Sporting bodies themselves must reckon with the role they play in either upholding or dismantling systemic obstacles. Consider the time, location, and scheduling of women’s competitions. For many women, sport occurs in tandem with life’s other major commitments - they are mothers of young or older children, some married, some divorced, often the default caregiver. Their time is not entirely their own. And yet, sporting agencies regularly roster both male and female games simultaneously. The result is predictable: women forgo their own matches to support their children or their partners. They do what women have done for generations -sacrifice their personal growth to uphold the dreams of others.
The system relies on this sacrifice.
It assumes that women’s time is flexible, that their commitment to the game is negotiable, and that their presence is secondary. This is not a matter of poor planning - it is a matter of historical precedence and social bias. And while no individual is to blame, the collective ignorance is costly
Compounding this is the structural flaw in competition rules themselves. While 15-a-side remains the mandated format, the "Game On" provision -originally designed to encourage participation -is frequently misused. Clubs enter two teams into competitions knowing they lack the depth to sustain both. The result? Reserve teams are gutted, and when premier squads finish their match, players are sent to reinforce depleted sides. This practice does not grow the game; it sustains appearances without addressing the core problem: sustainable, inclusive team development.
Solutions must now follow. Clubs that routinely enter two teams but only field enough players for one must re-evaluate their approach. If more than the number of women are showing up, then hard but collaborative conversations must occur. Maybe it’s time to merge with neighbouring clubs or rethink squad formation altogether. Development cannot occur in isolation, and sport should never punish women for showing up - it should reward them by ensuring they get to play.
Beyond game day logistics, the off-field development of female athletes demands greater nuance. Women entering perimenopause or menopause bring with them complex biopsychosocial experiences that differ vastly from their male counterparts. Hormonal shifts affect recovery, performance, emotional regulation, and motivation. A coach without lived experience in these stages cannot fully understand their impact. Yet, this does not absolve them from responsibility -it requires greater empathy, education, and collaboration.
Because at its core, coaching is not about demonstrating what you know - it’s about showing that you care. Male or female, junior or elite, all players share the same fundamental human need: to be seen, supported, and safe. Until that becomes the minimum standard, we are not building a sport - we are maintaining a system.
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