Naren Prasai English For लोकसेवा

Section Officer- 2083
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Those who were not successful this time, remain positive and determined. Continue your preparation with confidence; success will surely follow.

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Section Officer English- 2082
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सङ्गठित संस्थाको पदपूर्तिको लागि आयोगबाट लिइने सबै सङ्गठित संस्थाको अप्राविधिक तर्फका सहायकस्तर प्रथम श्रेणी, नायव सुब्वा वा सो सरह वा पाँचौं तह वा सो सरह पदको खुला प्रतियोगितात्मक लिखित परीक्षाको पूर्वयोग्यता परीक्षाको पाठ्यक्रम

asked in the exam of SECTION OFFICER on 24 Magh2082

Read the following passage and answer the questions asked below

The earliest Greek philosophers are sometimes called natural philosophers because they were mainly concerned with the natural world and its processes. How everything could come from nothing was therefore not the all-important question. On the other hand, the Greeks marveled at how live fish could come from water, and huge trees and brilliantly colored flowers could come from the dead earth. Not to mention we have already asked ourselves where everything comes from. Nowadays, a lot of people imagine that at some time something must have come from nothing. This idea was not so widespread among the Greeks. For one reason or another, they assumed that something had always existed. They also asked how a baby could come from its mother’s womb. The philosophers observed with their own eyes that nature was in a constant state of transformation. But how could such transformations occur?
How could something change from being substance to being a living thing, for example? All the earliest philosophers shared the belief that there had to be a certain basic substance at the root of all change. How they arrived at this idea is hard to say. We only know that the notion gradually evolved that there must be a basic substance that was the hidden cause of all changes in nature. There had to be “something” that all things came from and returned to. For us, the most interesting part is actually not what solutions these earliest philosophers arrived at, but which questions they asked and what type of answer they were looking for. We are more interested in how they thought than in exactly what they thought.
We know that they posed questions relating to the transformations they could observe in the physical world. They were looking for the underlying laws of nature. They wanted to understand what was happening around them without having to turn to the ancient myths. And most important, they wanted to understand the actual processes by studying nature itself. This was quite different from explaining thunder and lightning or winter and spring by telling stories about the gods. So philosophy gradually liberated itself from religion. We could say that the natural philosophers took the first step in the direction of scientific reasoning, thereby becoming the precursors of what was to become science.
1. The earliest Greek Philosophers were called natural philosophers because:
A. They spring from nature
B. They were concerned with natural world and its process
C. They lived in nature
D. They were concerned with nature
Ans .B
2. The Greeks Assumed that ….
A. Something has always existed
B. Something came from nothing
C. Something was not visible
D. Something was the most important
Ans .A
3. Which of the following statement is closest to the central idea of the passage?
A. Philosophy was linked with religion
B. Philosophy was free from religion
C. Philosophy was related to nature
D. Philosophy already existed
Ans. C
4. What is the root of all change according to Greek Philosophers?
A. Substance
B. Idea
C. Something
D. All of the above
Ans.A
5. The Greek Philosophers were looking for:
A. What exactly we think
B. How exactly we think
C. Underlying laws of nature
D. Actual processes of nature
Ans. C

The synonym of the word " Drained"
A: Exhausted
B.Frustrated
C.Filled with energy
D. Refresh

Answer: A

If I ......you, I'd have rest for five days.
A. Was
B.were
C.have
D. had been

Answer: B

The economists questioned the rationale ..........
government spending
A.on
B.about
C.of
D.for
Answer: D
Rationale for : standard collocation in formal English

Is this the passage asked yesterday ?

Ancient Greek thinkers tried to understand the nature of the world. They noticed that all things are in constant change. Forms appear and disappear, objects alter over time, and everything moves from one state to another. Some believed change is the only reality—nothing is fixed; the world is always in transformation.
Others argued that if change were complete, knowledge would be impossible. There must be something permanent beneath all transformations. This is the underlying substance or true essence of nature. Appearances change, but substance remains the same.
They also held that law governs the universe. Law is the eternal principle or reason that directs changes. It provides order and balance, so transformations follow rules, not chance. Law is unchanging and universal—it explains how change and permanent substance coexist in nature.
Thus, nature involves constant change, underlying substance, and law—all of the above.