22/07/2026
Motivation is the engine that drives learning.
In Applied Behaviour Analysis (ABA), a Motivating Operation (MO) is an environmental event or condition that temporarily changes:
• the value of a reinforcer or punisher, and
• the likelihood of behaviours that have previously produced those consequences.
Understanding MOs allows behaviour analysts, therapists, teachers, and parents to arrange teaching environments that maximise learning while reducing problem behaviour in ethical and effective ways.
✅ In Skill Acquisition
• Increase motivation before teaching.
• Use Establishing Operations (EOs) to make reinforcement more valuable.
• Deliver immediate, meaningful reinforcement to strengthen new skills.
✅ In Behaviour Reduction
• Identify the MO maintaining the behaviour.
• Reduce the value of reinforcement for challenging behaviour.
• Teach and reinforce appropriate replacement behaviours that serve the same function.
Remember: Behaviour does not occur in isolation—it is influenced by motivation. By assessing and manipulating Motivating Operations, we can create more effective, learner-centred interventions that promote meaningful behaviour change.
Master the MO—because motivation is the foundation of effective teaching and lasting behaviour change.
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