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how well do you know organic chemistry

Chemistry,
8 utme separation techniques questions and answers
1. Which method is best for separating sand from water?
A. Distillation
B. Filtration
C. Chromatography
D. Sublimation
Answer: B
Explanation: Sand is an insoluble solid in water. Filtration separates insoluble solids from liquids using a filter paper.
2. A mixture of iodine and sand can best be separated by:
A. Filtration
B. Evaporation
C. Sublimation
D. Distillation
Answer: C
Explanation: Iodine sublimes (changes directly from solid to gas) while sand does not.
3. Which property is mainly used in separating crude oil into fractions?
A. Density
B. Solubility
C. Melting point
D. Boiling point
Answer: D
Explanation: Fractional distillation separates components based on differences in boiling points.
4. Which mixture can be separated using a separating funnel?
A. Sand and water
B. Oil and water
C. Salt and water
D. Alcohol and water
Answer: B
Explanation: A separating funnel is used for immiscible liquids with different densities.
5. Chromatography mainly separates substances based on differences in:
A. Density
B. Solubility
C. Colour
D. Particle size
Answer: B
Explanation: Components move at different rates because of different solubilities in the solvent and attraction to the stationary phase.
6. Which technique is used to separate dyes in ink?
A. Evaporation
B. Distillation
C. Chromatography
D. Filtration
Answer: C
Explanation: Chromatography separates coloured substances based on solubility differences.
7. A mixture of ammonium chloride and sand can be separated by:
A. Filtration
B. Sublimation
C. Distillation
D. Decantation
Answer: B
Explanation: Ammonium chloride sublimes; sand does not.
8. Which separation method depends on particle size difference?
A. Distillation
B. Filtration
C. Chromatography
D. Sublimation
Answer: B
Explanation: Filtration allows small particles (liquid) to pass while larger particles are retained.

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BIOLOGY:
CELL ORGANELLES.
Cells are composed of various cell organelles that perform certain specific functions to carry out life's processes. The different cell organelles, along with their functions are as follows:
(1.)Nucleus: The nucleus controls all the activities of the cell and stores the genetic information (DNA).

(2) Nucleolus:The nucleolus produces ribosomes, which are needed for protein synthesis.

(3)Ribosomes:Ribosomes are responsible for making proteins, either floating in the cytoplasm or attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum.

(4.) Endoplasmic Reticulum:
The endoplasmic reticulum is involved in the transportation of substances throughout the cell.
We have the rough endoplasmic reticulum and the smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

(6).Golgi apparatus /bodies:The Golgi apparatus modifies, packages, and distributes proteins and lipids to their destinations.

(7)Mitochondria:Mitochondria generate energy for the cell by producing ATP through respiration.

(8)Chloroplasts:Chloroplasts (in plants only) carry out photosynthesis, converting sunlight into glucose.

9).Lysosomes :Lysosomes digest and recycle cellular waste, damaged organelles, and foreign particles.

(10)Peroxisomes:Peroxisomes break down fatty acids and neutralize toxic substances like hydrogen peroxide.

(11) Vacuoles:Vacuoles store water, nutrients, and waste materials; in plants, the central vacuole helps maintain shape.

(12) Cytoskeleton:The cytoskeleton supports the cell’s shape, anchors organelles, and aids in movementAnd finally.......

(13)Cell membrane:The cell membrane regulates the movement of substances into and out of the cell while providing protection.

(14)Cell wall:The cell wall (in plants, fungi, and bacteria) provides extra strength and protection.

(15) Cytoplasm:The cytoplasm is the fluid medium that surrounds

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