03/09/2018
What are some of the techniques effective for teaching life skills to children with special needs?
There are a set of techniques that have been developed and can be very effective in teaching life skills to children with special needs. And the good news is that these techniques can be equally effective for teaching just about any skill to just about anyone—no matter what their abilities or challenges.
Task Analysis. This is a process for breaking down any given task into its smaller parts. For instance, brushing teeth includes finding a toothbrush, toothpaste, and cup, putting toothpaste on the brush, brushing the bottom teeth, rinsing, brushing the top teeth, rinsing again, cleaning the brush, and putting all the equipment away properly.
Using a Visual Guide. Many parents create visual guides to help their children with special needs to make sense of, remember, and get comfortable with the steps involved in a task. The visual guide can include photos or clip-art style images of each step in the process.
Prompting and Fading. At first, a child with special needs may need a lot of help in remembering and properly completing each step in a task. Prompting may involve physical, hand-over-hand help. As they learn, parents will start to "fade" the prompts. First, they'll stop using hand-over-hand help, and instead provide only verbal prompts ("don't forget to rinse the toothbrush!"). Then they'll start to fade even the verbal prompts. When no prompts are required, the child has learned the task!
Adapted from: https://www.verywellfamily.com/teach-self-care-skills-to-children-with-special-needs-4128821