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Answer All Three Questions
QUESTION 1 (30 marks)
PART A
(50 Marks)
1. Gram-negative bacteria are a diverse group of microorganisms characterized by
a thin peptidoglycan layer surrounded by an outer membrane containing
lipopolysaccharides. This unique structure not only gives them their distinctive
pink color after Gram staining but also plays a crucial role in their resistance to
certain antibiotics and disinfectants.
Infections occur when these bacteria breach the body’s natural barriers, multiply,
and produce toxins that can disrupt normal physiological functions. Common
Gram-negative pathogens include Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa,
and Klebsiella pneumoniae, many of which are associated with healthcare-
associated infections.
Part
[1]
Escherichia coli (pathogenic strain) is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped
a bacterium that can cause foodborne illness.
a. Explain the role of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in this
bacterium’s outer membrane.
2 marks
b. Describe the steps involved in the colonization of the
human intestine by E. coli.
3 marks
c. Explain the pathogenesis of foodborne illness caused by
pathogenic E. coli.
5 marks
Part
[2]
Pathogenic Gram-negative bacteria often use specialized structures for
attachment and invasion of host tissues.
a. Describe the role of pili (fimbriae) in Gram-negative
bacterial infection.
4 marks
b. Explain the importance of adhesion in the establishment
of infection.
4 marks
c. State why understanding bacterial adhesion mechanisms
is important in disease control.
2 marks
Part
[3]
Salmonella enterica is a Gram-negative bacterium that causes salmonellosis,
a common foodborne illness. It undergoes a series of steps from ingestion to
disease development in humans
a. Explain the infection process of Salmonella enterica in
humans
10 marks

[Total: 30 marks]
BNBM 6134
Microbiology, Parasitology & Communicable Diseases
QUESTION 2 (10 marks)
2.
HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) is a virus that attacks the immune system.
Without treatment, it can progress to Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
(AIDS). There is currently no cure, and individuals infected with HIV remain
infected for life. However, effective medical treatment can help control the virus.
HIV causes AIDS by weakening the immune system through the destruction of
immune cells, leaving the body unable to fight off even minor infections.
a.
Explain the replication of HIV.
b.
Elaborate on the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
(AIDS).
6 marks
4 marks
[Total: 10 marks]
3
BNBM 6134
Microbiology, Parasitology & Communicable Diseases
QUESTION 3 (10 marks)
3.
Cryptococcosis is a fungal infection that usually affects the lungs or brain. People
with HIV/AIDS are at higher risk of developing this disease, which is a major
cause of death among HIV/AIDS patients in certain regions of the world.
a.
Explain the pathogenesis of cryptococcosis

Worldwide Hotels

Many people don’t realize that the brand-name hotel that they are staying in is actually
owned by a franchisee, an independent owner who is operating the hotel under franchise
agreement. Wyndham Hotel & Resorts is one of the most prominent global hotel companies
that uses a franchise business strategy. Through the years, Wyndham has acquired the
rights to some of the most iconic hotel brands around the world, including Howard Johnson,
Ramada, Days Inn, Super8, Travelodge, Microtel, La Quinta, and its namesake brand,
Wyndham, among others. Today it has become the world’s largest hotel franchising
company, with 6,000 franchisees that operate 9,100 hotels in more than 95 countries under
one of Wyndham’s 24 global brands.

As part of their franchise agreements, Wyndham provides operational and technical support
for the hotels that are part of their network. Like many other global companies that have
grown via acquisitions, Wyndham, for many years, had what the company’s chief
information officer, Scott Strickland, characterized as a “dog’s breakfast” of systems,
including five different reservation systems, multiple web platforms, and 12 different
property management systems. Wyndham realized that this was not an optimal way to do
business on a global scale. So, around five years ago, the company began to invest in
standardizing the company’s platforms, an investment that has now topped $275 million.
Wyndham began with an investment in Salesforce technology that has now evolved into
what Wyndham calls the Wyndham Community, a franchise owner engagement platform.

According to Strickland, the Wyndham Community gives Wyndham a 360-degree view of
its franchisees. Lisa Checchio, Wyndham’s chief marketing officer, notes that the system
was built so that all its users, including its field operations teams, its revenue managers,
and its IT support teams, are using the same interface and able to see what their franchisees
are seeing. The interface was built over an 18-month period with feedback from Wyndham’s
field operation staff and franchisees. The platform rolled out in September 2023 and had
12,000 logins on the first day. Daily logins have since grown to an average of 18,000, along
with 100,000 dashboard views. Franchise owners can access real-time insights into key
business metrics across their portfolio, from anywhere and any device. The platform also
provides a direct connection to operational support while serving as franchise owners’
primary destination for news and updates.

Strickland expects that the adoption rate of the technology will ultimately be in the 90 percent
range. Franchisees can use the system to pay Wyndham, resolve issues, and work with
the company’s field operations. Wyndham is also in the process of winnowing down its 12
different property management systems to two cloud-based systems: Sabre’s SynXis
Property Hub (running on Google Cloud) is typically being used for smaller hotels in North
America with less complicated needs, and Oracle Hospitality’s OPERA Cloud Property
Management System (running on Amazon Web Services) for all its franchisees outside
North America and also for larger hotels and those with amenities like restaurants and
meeting facilities within North America. The fact that the systems are cloud-based means
that hotels do not need to manage and maintain on-site hardware.

Wyndham was one of the first hotel chains to adopt the OPERA Cloud Property
Management System. The system allows hotels to manage reservations, check-ins, billing,
and reporting. Wyndham began piloting the system internationally in 2020 and started rolling
it out to about 800 of its full-service hotels in mid-2021. In September 2023, it announced
plans to expand the system by the end of 2024 to more than 2,000 additional hotels, mostly
those near the top of its mid-tier segment, such as Ramada, LaQuinta, and Wingate.
Strickland notes that it can migrate hotels onto OPERA Cloud in a matter of days, and they
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3

are seeing immediate benefits, including lower costs, higher efficiencies, and the ability to
deliver better guest experiences. According to Strickland, OPERA Cloud enables Wyndham
to deliver new innovations such as room upselling, integrated revenue management, and
mobile housekeeping management, among others, on a global scale. OPERA Cloud is
designed to meet financial reporting requirements across more than 200 countries, and the
system can be customized to operate in 20 languages.

OPERA Cloud also includes a number of additional tools, such as OPERA Reporting and
Analytics, which enable hotels to unlock insights needed to boost performance at the
department, hotel, and chain level. OPERA Sales and Event Management helps hotels
maximize revenue by providing detailed, real-time information on room and event offerings.
Wyndham franchisees can also use the Oracle Hospitality Integration Platform within
OPERA Cloud to integrate with RevIQ, Wyndham’s advanced revenue management
system. Developed in collaboration with IDeaS, a provider of hotel revenue management
software, RevIQ is tailored specifically for the needs of Wyndham franchisees.

Wyndham has also recently debuted a new guest engagement platform powered by Canary
Technologies. The platform offers a number of mobile-centric tools, including AI-driven
property messaging, which enables guests to text hotels directly for any needs during their
stay; smart mobile check-in; dynamic upselling that enables hotels to offer enhancements
like early check-in, late checkout, and room upgrades; and smart mobile checkout.

Though centralizing its platforms clearly has provided Wyndham and its franchisees with a
number of benefits, having all the company’s data in cloud-based systems also raises
cybersecurity and privacy concerns. To alleviate these concerns, Wyndham has been
working with San Francisco-based Okta to layer a security system on top of its platforms.

Wyndham first implemented Okta Workforce Identity Cloud for its internal employees and
then expanded it to the more than 100,000 employees of its franchisees. Building on that
success, Wyndham is now rolling out Customer Identity Cloud to its more than 100 million
loyalty members. Okta is also helping Wyndham meet data privacy requirements because,
often, property management systems need to be housed in the localities they are serving.

AI is the next frontier for Wyndham. In addition to AI-driven property messaging, Wyndham
is currently using AI for real-time coaching for its call center agents, for example, letting
agents know that they are speaking too quickly. Wyndham is also using AI to mine the data
of its more than 100 million loyalty members. For instance, Wyndham learned that its loyalty
members’ number one concern was Wi-Fi. This has enabled Wyndham to prove with data
that Wi-Fi is important to guests and that it's worth a significant investment by its
franchisees. Investors believe that Wyndham is on the right track. Although its stock price
plummeted in the wake of the Covid-19 pandemic, it has since rebounded and its recent
financial results show increasing revenue and profits, driven in large part by international
growth.

[Adapted from: Laudon, K. C., Laudon, J. P.& Traver, C. G. (2025). Management information systems: Managing the
digital firm (18th ed.), NJ USA: Pearson, pp 606-607.]


Questions
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1. Analyse the key business challenges faced by Wyndham Hotels & Resorts in the
context of the evolving hospitality industry. How has the integration of technology,
particularly through digital transformation strategies, enabled Wyndham to address
these challenges?
(35 marks)
2. Evaluate the operational and strategic advantages that the OPERA Cloud platform
provides to Wyndham Hotels & Resorts and its franchisees. In what ways does this
platform contribute to enhancing both customer experience and business performance?
(35 marks)
3. Assess the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in Wyndham Hotels & Resorts’ business
strategy. How has AI been leveraged to optimise operational efficiency, enhance
customer engagement, and drive innovation within the company?
(30 marks)
Note:
Your answer to each question should not be longer than 1,800 words. Provide relevant figures
/ diagrams to enhance clarity of your answer.

SECTION A
:
QUESTION 1 (15 Marks)
(40 MARKS)
XYZ Company produces and sells AAA batteries. The company introducing a new,
the heavy-duty HD-240 model and must decide what price to set for the HD-240
model. An estimated demand schedule for the product follows:
Price
HD-240 model units demanded
$ 5
80,000
6
72,000
7
56,000
Estimated costs follow:
Variable manufacturing costs
Fixed manufacturing costs
$2 per unit
$40,000 per year
Variable selling and administrative costs
$1 per unit
Fixed selling and administrative costs
$20,000 per year
Required:
1.
2.
Prepare a schedule showing management the total revenue, total cost, and total profit or loss for
each selling price. (5 Marks)
Which price do you recommend to the management of XYZ for HD-240 model? Explain your answer
(5 Marks)
3. Calculate break break-even point at the recommended price? (5 Marks)
QUESTION 2 (10)
I.
II.
III.
Explain how managerial accounting can help managers in preforming management function? Explain
with examples.
Why budgeting is important?
Explain one major difference between managerial accounting and financial accounting?
QUESTION 3 (15)
1. Explain what meant by Breakeven point?
2. Explain what is meant by mixed costs? Support your answer with examples
SECTION B
:
(60 MARKS)
Answer ANY THREE (3) questions ONLY.
QUESTION 4 (20)
(10 marks)
(5 marks)
The M33 company manufactures one products. M33 Corporation's income
statement as below:
Cost, revenue and profits for M33 Sdn Bhd - 2020
Sales Revenue
Variable Costs (plastic, wood, clay, paper, fabric… etc(
RM 450000
RM 180000
Fixed Costs
Profit
RM 216000
RM 54000
1. Calculate M33 break-even point in 2021 in RM?
2. What level of sales must the company generate to earn a profit of RM 90.000?
(5 marks)
(5 marks)
3. If the management of M33 cannot sell that many, to ensure viability what they could do? (5
marks)
4. What mean breakeven point? Why it is important?
(5 marks)
QUESTION 5 (20)
Explain why budgeting is important?
QUESTION 6 (20 Marks )
Security cost at ABC Mall are listed below:
Month
Security cost
January
No visitors
7,500
Feb
4,000
8,250
March
6,500
10,500
April
8,000
12,000
May
10,500
13,500
June
12,000
10,750
July
9,000
9,750
7,500
Management believes that security cost is a mixed cost that depends on client-visits. Using the high-
low method:
i.
ii.
Estimate the variable and fixed components of this cost?
(5 marks)
What are the costs of security costs that the mall is expected to bear within a month in the case that
the number of visitors were 13,000?
(5 marks)
iii.
iv.
The management of the ABC Mall is considering installing surveillance cameras (CCTV) that will reduce
the variable cost of security by 50%. What is the estimated security costs after installing the cameras,
that the mall is expected to bear within a month if the number of visitors reached 12000? (5 marks)
Explain the meaning of fixed cost?
(5 marks)
QUESTION 7 (20 Marks )
ABC Manufacturing's cost accountant has provided you with the following
information for January operations:
Required: Determine each of the following:
1. Variable cost per unit.
2. Total variable cost
3. Total fixed cost.
4. Manufacturing cost.
5. Manufacturing overhead cost
6. Period cost
7. Total cost
8. Net income
If units produced is expected to increase by 50 % in February. What
will be the total cost
END OF QUESTIONS

QUESTION 1

You are a facility manager at a busy manufacturing plant facing severe production delays. The current equipment changeover process takes nearly two hours, resulting in significant downtime and reduced flexibility to meet customer orders. The management wants to implement the Single Minute Exchange of Die (SMED) methodology to reduce this time drastically.

Your team must analyze the current setup, distinguish between internal and external tasks, and propose a streamlined process to improve overall equipment efficiency and responsiveness.

a. Identify the internal and external setup activities currently causing delays and explain why separating these tasks is crucial for reducing downtime in your facility.

b. Organize a practical plan using the seven steps of SMED to convert internal setup elements into external ones for a critical machine in your plant.

c. Compare the human and technical aspects of your changeover process and defend why addressing human preparation is often faster and cheaper than technical engineering changes.

( 20 marks)

QUESTION 2

You have been appointed as the maintenance lead in a large processing facility where operators often ignore equipment condition. Machines are dirty, leaking, and prone to frequent breakdowns because staff believe maintenance is solely the technician’s job. To change this culture, management plans to launch an Autonomous Maintenance (AM) program. You need to guide the operators through the initial cleaning steps, help them detect abnormalities early, and establish strict standards to restore equipment to its basic condition.

a. Analyze the current "I run it, you fix it" attitude among operators and explain how the three goals of Autonomous Maintenance can shift this mindset.

b. Formulate a detailed checklist for Step 1 (Initial Cleaning) and Step 2 (Source Elimination) that helps operators identify specific sources of contamination and hard-to-access areas.

c. Integrate the use of F-tags into your inspection process and explain how operators should differentiate between white and red tags to manage minor and major defects.

d. Arrange a training plan based on the four steps of operator development to ensure your team acquires the necessary skills to detect and judge equipment abnormalities.

(30 marks)

QUESTION 3

ONLINE CLASS PARTICIPATION

In Total Productive Maintenance (TPM), visual management is essential for sustaining improvements. Consider how the organization of the workplace (5S) directly supports the monitoring of team progress.

Discuss how implementing 5S principles creates the necessary content and data to be displayed on a TPM Activity Board. Analyze how visualizing 5S audit results and team objectives on the board drives continuous improvement and sustains the discipline required for long-term facility reliability.

In your post, you should:
• Share a real or hypothetical example of a cluttered workspace versus an organized one.
• Explain how specific 5S steps (like Sort or Set in Order) generate data for the Activity Board.
• Analyze how the Activity Board keeps the team accountable for 5S standards.

INSTRUCTIONS ON HOW TO SUBMIT PROOF OF ONLINE DISCUSSION (10%)
Do the following:
i. Select your best FIVE (5) postings from the forum discussion set up by your tutor.
ii. Do screenshots of your postings and include them as images in your assignment.
iii. The screenshots should be in image file (either in JPG or PNG format). Refer to the sample of Screen Grab below
iv. The screenshots should contain: Name, Title of the discussion, Day, Date and Time.

A. Pairwork – Analysis of English Language Teaching approaches or methods (CO1, 20%)
This is a pair assessment. Students are required to compare and contrast TWO (2) articles on an
English Language Teaching (ELT) approach / method between 2000 – 3000 words.
Instructions:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Form a pair during Week 2 practical.
Each pair is required to look for TWO (2) articles on English Language Teaching (ELT)
approaches/methods. The length for each article is between 3000 - 4000 words.
The approaches and methods of English Language Teaching include (but are not limited to) the
list below:
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.
vi.
vii.
Grammar-Translation Method
Audio-Lingual Method
Community Language Learning
Suggestopedia
Total Physical Response
Communicative Language Teaching
Task-based Language Teaching
Explain the similarities and differences found in the TWO (2) articles. You may use the
following aspects as a guide:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
j.
k.
l.
m.
n.
Theory of Learning
Theory of Language
Objective(s) or Goal(s)
Role of the teacher
Role of learners
Characteristics of teaching/learning process
Nature of student-teacher and student-student interaction
Feelings of students to dealt with
View of language and culture
Language area and language skills emphasized
Role of students’ native language
Evaluation of student achievement
Teacher response to student errors
Teaching activities
Discuss the suitability of adapting the particular English language teaching approach / method
in Malaysia, highlighting the advantages and disadvantages as well as possible challenges
faced by ESL teachers in Malaysia in the process of adaptation.
There should be an additional 6 credible resources (books, articles from academic journals,
official documents) to support the explanation / justification for (5).
NOTE: blogs, YouTube videos, Wikipedia, Prezi and other non-academic based websites are
NOT credible resources.
1

7. The submission date for this printed assessment is 10 March 2026 (Tuesday) during lecture
8. Assessment Guidelines
 Wordcount (placed on the last page): Between 2500 – 3000 words (excluding the
assignment cover sheet, table of contents and references)
 Font Type: Arial OR Times New Roman
 Font Size: Title 16, headings and subheadings 14, body 12
 Margins: left-hand: 1"; right-hand, top and bottom: 1"
 Alignment: Left-aligned
 Spacing: 1.5
 In-text citation and referencing: APA style 7th edition (https://apastyle.apa.org/style-
grammar-guidelines)
9. Assignment Format
i. Group Assignment Cover Sheet
ii. Table of Contents
iii. Introduction (one paragraph)
iv. Similarities and differences found in both articles
v. Suitability of adapting the selected English language teaching approaches/methods in
Malaysia
1. Advantages and disadvantages of this approach or method
2. Possible challenges faced by ESL teachers in Malaysia in adapting this approach or
method
vi. Conclusion (one paragraph)
vii. References
viii. Appendices (if available)
10. Each student is given 5 minutes to present the assessment using Powerpoint or Canva slides.
Present only the similarities and differences, advantages and disadvantages of both
selected ELT approaches/methods, as well as possible challenges faced by ESL teachers
in Malaysia in adapting them.
11. The presentation schedule will start from Week 6. The schedule will be uploaded on WBLE.
12. The PowerPoint or Canva slides for the presentation must be submitted in one day before your
presentation via email. Name your file as P1_[Name]
Example: P1_Spiderman and Ironman
Note:
 Five (5) marks will be deducted for any late submission.
 Five (5) marks will be deducted for any incomplete submission (e.g. assignment cover sheet,
marking rubrics).
 A ZERO (0) mark will be awarded for any PLAGIARISED work.
 PENALTY FOR FREE RIDER - ZERO (0) mark will be awarded to a group member who did
not contribute to the assessment.

ASSIGNMENT QUESTION

PART I: (50%)
PURPOSE
This assignment aims to assess students’ ability to critically evaluate how corporate communication functions as a strategic management tool in managing reputation, stakeholder relationships, organisational legitimacy, and corporate risk in contemporary business environments. Students are required to integrate theory with real organisational cases to demonstrate analytical depth and practical insight.

REQUIREMENT
In today’s complex corporate environment, organisations are expected to communicate not only to inform, but also to justify decisions, manage expectations, handle crises, and demonstrate accountability. Corporate communication now plays a central role in reputation management, ethical governance, stakeholder dialogue, and long-term organisational resilience. Understanding these functions is essential for evaluating corporate effectiveness and public trust.

Based on the above statement, prepare the following:
1. Corporate reputation is increasingly shaped by how organisations communicate during both stable periods and moments of uncertainty. Analyse how strategic corporate communication can protect or enhance organisational reputation. Select ONE organisation and discuss how its communication approach influenced public or stakeholder perception.
2. Modern corporate communication has shifted from one-way messaging to two-way engagement. Evaluate how organisations identify, prioritise, and communicate with different stakeholder groups (e.g., employees, customers, investors, communities). Discuss the effectiveness of stakeholder dialogue in building trust and managing expectations, using real examples.
3. Ethical communication is central to corporate legitimacy. Analyse how transparency, honesty, and accountability are communicated by organisations, particularly in situations involving controversy, public criticism, or ethical dilemmas. Discuss the consequences of poor ethical communication for organisational credibility.
4. Internal communication plays a critical role in aligning employees with corporate values and strategic goals. Discuss how effective internal corporate communication supports organisational coherence, ethical conduct, and employee commitment. Provide examples of communication practices that strengthen or weaken internal alignment.

Your essay should include relevant examples, citations, references etc. to support your arguments.

NOTE:
Students are required to demonstrate originality and critical analysis in their work. Direct reproduction of content from Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools without paraphrasing, evaluation, or proper integration will be considered a breach of academic integrity and may result in a penalty of up to –10 marks.

[Total: 50 Marks]
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Part II (10%):

ONLINE CLASS PARTICIPATION:

Discuss the following questions in the forum and submit proof of your participation in the online discussions:

1. What is corporate communication, and why is it important for organisations? Explain how effective corporate communication can help build trust with stakeholders.
2. How do organisations use communication to maintain a positive corporate image? Provide ONE example of a company and explain the communication approach used.
3. Why is internal communication important in an organisation? Discuss how clear communication between management and employees can improve teamwork and performance.
4. How should organisations communicate during a crisis? Explain ONE communication strategy that can help organisations reduce negative public reactions.
5. How can corporate communication support ethical practices and social responsibility? Give an example of how a company communicates its CSR or sustainability efforts.

[Total: 10 Marks]
[Grand Total: 60 Marks]

SOALAN TUGASAN

BAHAGIAN I: (50%)
TUJUAN
Tugasan ini bertujuan untuk menilai keupayaan pelajar dalam menilai secara kritis bagaimana komunikasi korporat berfungsi sebagai alat pengurusan strategik dalam mengurus reputasi, hubungan pihak berkepentingan, legitimasi organisasi, dan risiko korporat dalam persekitaran perniagaan kontemporari. Pelajar dikehendaki mengintegrasikan teori dengan kes organisasi sebenar bagi menunjukkan kedalaman analisis dan kefahaman praktikal.

KEPERLUAN
Dalam persekitaran korporat yang kompleks pada masa kini, organisasi dijangka berkomunikasi bukan sahaja untuk menyampaikan maklumat, tetapi juga untuk menjelaskan keputusan, mengurus jangkaan, menangani krisis, dan menunjukkan kebertanggungjawaban. Komunikasi korporat kini memainkan peranan penting dalam pengurusan reputasi, tadbir urus beretika, dialog pihak berkepentingan, serta daya tahan organisasi jangka panjang. Memahami fungsi-fungsi ini adalah penting bagi menilai keberkesanan korporat dan kepercayaan masyarakat.

Berdasarkan penyataan di atas, sediakan yang berikut:
1. Reputasi korporat semakin dibentuk oleh cara organisasi berkomunikasi dalam tempoh kestabilan serta ketika berhadapan dengan ketidakpastian. Analisis bagaimana komunikasi korporat yang strategik dapat melindungi atau meningkatkan reputasi organisasi. Pilih SATU organisasi dan bincangkan bagaimana pendekatan komunikasinya mempengaruhi persepsi masyarakat atau pihak berkepentingan.
2. Komunikasi korporat moden telah beralih daripada penyampaian mesej sehala kepada penglibatan dua hala. Nilaikan bagaimana organisasi mengenal pasti, memberi keutamaan, dan berkomunikasi dengan kumpulan pihak berkepentingan yang berbeza (contohnya pekerja, pelanggan, pelabur, dan komuniti). Bincangkan keberkesanan dialog pihak berkepentingan dalam membina kepercayaan dan mengurus jangkaan, dengan menggunakan contoh sebenar.
3. Komunikasi beretika merupakan teras kepada legitimasi korporat. Analisis bagaimana ketelusan, kejujuran, dan kebertanggungjawaban disampaikan oleh organisasi, terutamanya dalam situasi yang melibatkan kontroversi, kritikan awam, atau dilema etika. Bincangkan kesan komunikasi beretika yang lemah terhadap kredibiliti organisasi.
4. Komunikasi dalaman memainkan peranan penting dalam menyelaraskan pekerja dengan nilai korporat dan matlamat strategik organisasi. Bincangkan bagaimana komunikasi korporat dalaman yang berkesan menyokong kesepaduan organisasi, amalan beretika, dan komitmen pekerja. Berikan contoh amalan komunikasi yang dapat mengukuhkan atau melemahkan penyelarasan dalaman.

Esei anda hendaklah merangkumi contoh yang relevan, petikan akademik, rujukan, dan sebagainya untuk menyokong hujah anda.

NOTA:
Pelajar dikehendaki menunjukkan keaslian dan analisis kritis dalam tugasan mereka. Penyalinan secara langsung daripada alat Kecerdasan Buatan (AI) tanpa parafrasa, penilaian, atau integrasi yang sewajarnya akan dianggap sebagai pelanggaran integriti akademik dan boleh dikenakan penalti sehingga –10 markah.

[Jumlah: 50 Markah]
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Bahagian II: (10%)

PERBINCANGAN KELAS DALAM TALIAN:

Bincangkan topik berkenaan di dalam forum dan hantar bukti penglibatan forum dalam perbincangan dalam talian.

1. Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan komunikasi korporat dan mengapakah ia penting bagi sesebuah organisasi? Jelaskan bagaimana komunikasi korporat yang berkesan dapat membantu membina kepercayaan dengan pihak berkepentingan.
2. Bagaimanakah organisasi menggunakan komunikasi untuk mengekalkan imej korporat yang positif? Berikan SATU contoh syarikat dan jelaskan pendekatan komunikasi yang digunakan.
3. Mengapakah komunikasi dalaman penting dalam sesebuah organisasi? Bincangkan bagaimana komunikasi yang jelas antara pihak pengurusan dan pekerja dapat meningkatkan kerja berpasukan dan prestasi.
4. Bagaimanakah organisasi seharusnya berkomunikasi semasa krisis? Jelaskan SATU strategi komunikasi yang boleh membantu organisasi mengurangkan reaksi negatif daripada masyarakat.
5. Bagaimanakah komunikasi korporat dapat menyokong amalan beretika dan tanggungjawab sosial? Berikan satu contoh bagaimana sesebuah syarikat menyampaikan usaha CSR atau kelestariannya.

[Jumlah: 10 Markah]
[Jumlah keseluruhan: 60 Markah]

ATTACHMENT
ASSIGNMENT RUBRICS
ABCR2103 PRINCIPLES OF CORPORATE COMMUNICATION/JANUARY 2026
*QN/ *NS CLO Criteria/
Kriteria Weight/ Pemberat Excellent/
Cemerlang Good/
Baik Fair/
Sederhana Poor/
Lemah Unsatisfactory/ Tidak memuaskan Max Marks
4 3 2 1 0
1 CLO2 Introduction about corporate communication, its strategic importance, and its role in achieving organisational objectives.

Pengenalan tentang komunikasi korporat, kepentingan strategiknya, dan peranannya dalam mencapai objektif organisasi. 1.0 Excellent introduction of the topic and justified with accurate and reliable references/ citations.

Pengenalan topik yang cemerlang dan dijustifikasikan dengan rujukan/petikan yang tepat yang boleh dipercayai. Relatively clear introduction of the topic and justified with relevant and reliable references/ citations.

Pengenalan topik yang agak jelas dan dijustifikasikan dengan rujukan/petikan yang bersesuaian dan boleh dipercayai. Acceptable introduction of the topic and justified with popular references or citations only, not academic.

Pengenalan topik yang boleh diterima dan dijustifikasikan dengan rujukan atau petikan yang popular sahaja, bukan akademik.
General introduction of the topic. Not justified with any references and citations.

Pengenalan topik yang umum. Tidak dijustifikasikan dengan sebarang rujukan dan petikan. No introduction provided.

Tiada pengenalan diberikan. 4
1 CLO2 Corporate reputation is increasingly shaped by how organisations communicate during both stable periods and moments of uncertainty. Analyse how strategic corporate communication can protect or enhance organisational reputation. Select ONE organisation and discuss how its communication approach influenced public or stakeholder perception. Provide real examples.

Reputasi korporat semakin dibentuk oleh cara organisasi berkomunikasi dalam tempoh kestabilan serta ketika berhadapan dengan ketidakpastian. Analisis bagaimana komunikasi korporat yang strategik dapat melindungi atau meningkatkan reputasi organisasi. Pilih SATU organisasi dan bincangkan bagaimana pendekatan komunikasinya mempengaruhi persepsi masyarakat atau pihak berkepentingan. Berikan contoh sebenar.
2.5 Very good analysis on the required points and supported with excellent real examples and latest and accurate citations/references.

Analisis yang sangat baik mengenai poin yang diperlukan dan disokong dengan contoh sebenar yang cemerlang dan rujukan/petikan yang terkini dan tepat. Satisfactory analysis on the required points and supported with relevant examples and citation/references.

Analisis yang memuaskan mengenai poin yang diperlukan dan disokong dengan contoh dan rujukan/petikan yang bersesuaian.
Brief analysis on the required points. Supported with a few and quite irrelevant examples and citations/references.

Analisis yang sangat baik mengenai poin yang diperlukan. Disokong dengan sebahagian kecil contoh dan rujukan/petikan yang kurang bersesuaian. Poor analysis on the required points. Not supported with any examples and/or citations/references.

Analisis yang lemah mengenai poin yang diperlukan. Tidak disokong dengan sebarang contoh dan/atau petikan/rujukan.
No analysis.

Tiada analisis. 10
2 CLO3 Modern corporate communication has shifted from one-way messaging to two-way engagement. Evaluate how organisations identify, prioritise, and communicate with different stakeholder groups. Discuss the effectiveness of stakeholder dialogue in building trust and managing expectations, using real examples. Support your discussion woth theory/model and citation/references.

Komunikasi korporat moden telah beralih daripada penyampaian mesej sehala kepada penglibatan dua hala. Nilaikan bagaimana organisasi mengenal pasti, memberi keutamaan, dan berkomunikasi dengan kumpulan pihak berkepentingan yang berbeza. Bincangkan keberkesanan dialog pihak berkepentingan dalam membina kepercayaan dan mengurus jangkaan, dengan menggunakan contoh sebenar. Sokong perbincangan anda dengan teori/model, dan petikan/rujukan. 2.5 Comprehensive and excellent evaluation on the required points. Supported with accurate theory/model, real examples and latest quotation/references.

Penilaian yang sangat menyeluruh dan cemerlang tentang poin yang diperlukan. Disokong dengan teori/model, contoh yang tepat dan petikan/rujukan yang terkini. Satisfactory evaluation on the required points. Supported with good theory/model, examples and quotation/references.

Penilaian yang memuaskan tentang poin yang diperlukan. Disokong dengan teori/model, contoh dan petikan/rujukan yang baik. Acceptable explanation evaluation on the required points. Supported with relevant theory/model, examples and quotation/references.

Penilaian yang boleh diterima tentang poin yang diperlukan. Disokong dengan teori/model, contoh dan petikan/rujukan yang bersesuaian. Weak evaluation on the required points. Not supported with any theory/model, examples and quotation/references.

Penilaian yang lemah tentang poin yang diperlukan. Tidak disokong dengan sebarang teori/model, contoh dan petikan/rujukan. No evaluation provided.

Tiada penilaian diberikan. 10
3 CLO3 Ethical communication is central to corporate legitimacy. Analyse how transparency, honesty, and accountability are communicated by organisations, particularly in situations involving controversy, public criticism, or ethical dilemmas. Discuss the consequences of poor ethical communication for organisational credibility. Support your discussion with examples.

Komunikasi beretika merupakan teras kepada legitimasi korporat. Analisis bagaimana ketelusan, kejujuran, dan kebertanggungjawaban disampaikan oleh organisasi, terutamanya dalam situasi yang melibatkan kontroversi, kritikan awam, atau dilema etika. Bincangkan kesan komunikasi beretika yang lemah terhadap kredibiliti organisasi. Sokong perbincangan anda dengan contoh.
2.5 Excellent and comprehensive analysis of the required points. Supported with accurate examples, latest quotations and references.

Analisis yang sangat baik dan komprehensif tentang poin yang diperlukan. Disokong dengan contoh yang tepat, petikan dan rujukan terkini.
Relatively good analysis of the required points. Supported with relevant examples and quotations/references.

Analisis yang agak baik bagi tentang poin yang diperlukan. Disokong dengan contoh dan petikan/rujukan yang bersesuaian.
Brief analysis of the required points. Supported with vague examples and references.

Analisis yang ringkas baik tentang poin yang diperlukan. Disokong dengan contoh dan rujukan yang kabur. Irrelevant or weak analysis of the required points. Not supported with any examples.

Analisis yang tidak bersesuaian atau lemah tentang poin yang diperlukan. Tidak disokong dengan sebarang contoh. No analysis provided.

Tiada analisis diberikan. 10
4 CLO3 Internal communication plays a critical role in aligning employees with corporate values and strategic goals. Discuss how effective internal corporate communication supports organisational coherence, ethical conduct, and employee commitment. Provide examples of communication practices that strengthen or weaken internal alignment, and justify with accurate quotations/references.

Komunikasi dalaman memainkan peranan penting dalam menyelaraskan pekerja dengan nilai korporat dan matlamat strategik organisasi. Bincangkan bagaimana komunikasi korporat dalaman yang berkesan menyokong kesepaduan organisasi, amalan beretika, dan komitmen pekerja. Berikan contoh amalan komunikasi yang dapat mengukuhkan atau melemahkan penyelarasan dalaman, dan justifikasikan dengan petikan/rujukan yang tepat.
2.5 Very clear and thorough discussion of the required points. Supported by accurate examples and latest and accurate quotations/references.

Perbincangan yang sangat jelas dan menyeluruh tentang poin yang diperluka. Disokong oleh contoh yang tepat dan petikan/rujukan yang terkini dan tepat. Relatively good discussion of the required points. Supported with relevant examples and quotations/references.

Perbincangan yang agak baik bagi tentang poin yang diperlukan. Disokong dengan contoh dan petikan/rujukan yang bersesuaian.
Brief discussion of the required points. Supported with vague examples and references.

Perbincangan yang ringkas baik tentang poin yang diperlukan. Disokong dengan contoh dan rujukan yang kabur. Irrelevant or weak discussion of the required points. Not supported with any examples.

Perbincangan yang tidak bersesuaian atau lemah tentang poin yang diperlukan. Tidak disokong dengan sebarang contoh. No discussion provided.

Tiada perbincangan diberikan. 10
1-4 CLO2 Conclusion.

Kesimpulan. 1.0 Comprehensive conclusion with explanations that are related to the entire topic discussed.

Kesimpulan yang menyeluruh dengan penerangan yang berkaitan dengan semua topik yang dibincangkan.
Clear conclusion with explanations that are mostly related to the topic discussed.

Kesimpulan yang jelas dengan penerangan yang kebanyakannya berkaitan dengan topik dibincangkan. Simple conclusion with explanations related to the topic discussed.

Kesimpulan yang ringkas dengan penjelasan yang berkaitan dengan topik dibincangkan. Simple conclusion with explanations that are not related to the topic discussed.

Kesimpulan yang ringkas dengan penjelasan yang tidak berkaitan dengan topik dibincangkan. No conclusion was given.

Tiada kesimpulan yang diberikan. 4
1-4 CLO2 Proper essay format (Cover Page, Table of Content, page numbering, APA format references, etc).

Kesesuaian format laporan (Muka hadapan, Isi Kandungan, penomboran halaman, format rujukan APA dsbnya).

0.5 All formats are available with correct APA referencing style.

Semua format penulisan diaplikasikan dan menepati stail rujukan APA yang betul.
Most formats are applied with most APA referencing style observed.

Kebanyakan format dan stail rujukan APA diaplikasikan. Some formats are applied with some APA referencing style.

Beberapa format diaplikasi dengan stail rujukan APA. Traces of formats but does not follow APA referencing style.

Mengikut beberapa format tetapi tidak mengikut system rujukan APA. Poor essay format and no referencing.

Format laporan yang lemah dan tiada rujukan. 2
Total 12.5 50
*QN = Question Number / *NS = Nombor Soalan

Part II/Bahagian II (10%)

QN
CLO
Criteria
Weightage Excellent Good Fair Poor Unsatisfactory Max marks
4 3 2 1 0
1-5 2 Quality of Postings

Kualiti
Postings

2.5 All five comments are good, appropriate, relevant, meaningful, and respectful.
Postings reflect active participation within assignment timeline.

Kelima-lima komen baik, sesuai, relevan, bermakna dan berhemah.
Postings mencerminkan penyertaan aktif sepanjang tempoh tugasan. Four of the comments are good, appropriate, relevant, meaningful, and respectful.
Postings reflect participation within assignment timeline.

Empat
komen baik, sesuai, relevan, bermakna dan berhemah.
Postings mencerminkan penyertaan sepanjang tempoh tugasan. Two or three of the comments are somewhat good, appropriate, meaningful and respectful.
Postings show relatively short participation time.

Dua atau tiga komen baik, sesuai, relevan,bermakna dan berhemah
Postings menunjukkan penyertaan dalam jangakamasa yang singkat. One post submitted. OR All posts done in one day.
OR None of the comments are good and relevant.
OR Comments are short responses that are not substantial nor meaningful. Minimum effort (e.g. “I agree with Tina”).

Satu penghantaran
ATAU Semua penghantaran dibuat dalam satu hari. ATAU Tiada komen yang baik dan relevan. ATAU Komen hanya respon yang ringkas dan tidak meluas dan tidak bermakna. Usaha minimum (Cth: “Saya bersetuju dengan Tina”). Postings done past assignment timeline.
OR No postings given as proof of participation in discussion

Postings melepasi tempoh tugasan.
ATAU Tiada Postings diberi sebagai bukti penyertaan dalam perbincangan. 10
Total Marks/
Jumlah Markah 10

*QN = Question Number / *NS = Nombor Soalan

INSTRUCTIONS ON HOW TO SUBMIT PROOF OF ONLINE CLASS PARTICIPATION (10%)
Do the following:

1. Select the best FIVE (5) of your postings from the forum discussion set up by your tutor.
2. Do screenshots of the postings and include them as images in your assignment.
3. The screenshots should be in image file (either in JPG or PNG format) . Refer to the sample of Screen Grab below
4. The screenshots should contain: Name, Title of the discussion, Day, Date and Time.

ARAHAN BAGI TATACARA PENGHANTARAN SEBAGAI BUKTI AKTIVITI ONLINE CLASS PARTICIPATION (10%)
Laksanakan perkara berikut:

1. Pilih LIMA (5) posting anda yang terbaik dari perbincangan dalam talian yang telah di sediakan oleh tutor anda
2. Laksanakan screen shot posting dan isikan dalam tugasan anda sebagai file imej
3. Imej screen shot mesti dalam format imej (sama ada JPG atau PNG). Rujuk pada contoh screen shot di bawah.
4. Screen shot mesti mengandungi: Nama, Tajuk Perbincangan, Hari, Tarikh dan Masa