10/10/2026
Why does flying from Lagos to Nairobi so often mean connecting through Europe?
Not geography. Regulation.
African states agreed to open up intra-African air services back in 1999, in the Yamoussoukro Decision. It largely stayed on paper. The Single African Air Transport Market β launched in 2018 as an African Union Agenda 2063 flagship project β is the effort to finally give that agreement effect.
What changes between member states:
β Third and fourth freedom rights without bilateral negotiation
β Fifth freedom rights on intra-African routes
β Capacity, frequency and aircraft-type restrictions lifted
β More than one designated carrier per state
The treaty text isn't the obstacle any more. Implementation is β national protections, visa regimes, taxes and charges, and airport infrastructure.
Worth understanding properly if your work touches route planning or African market entry. π‘