27/03/2026
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🌳Laika ka ai mungkan hta tara shang ai (formal) hte wanglu wanglang ka ai (informal) nga nna lam lahkawng garan da ma ai. Academic writing gaw formal kaw lawm ai. Shamying ai lam ni gaw, academic writing (sawkhkrawk, sumrat, sumtang), business writing (email, shawkshawn laika), creative writing (sumrai, ga shagawp, script writing), features writing hte content writing nga nna, amyu myu rai nga ai. Ndai laika hta gaw, academic writing a lam hpe kadun dawk tang madun mat na re.
🌳Academic writing ngu ai gaw masat tawn da ai ritkawp, hkrang, ladat, ninggam ni a kata kaw tinang a ningmu, machye machyang, myit sawn ai lam, hkam la ai lam ni hpe sakse hte, tengman ai ga shadawn ni hpe jai lang nna asan sha shadan, shapraw dan ai lam re (Ken Hyland, 2004). Shi a arawn alai gaw shajan, shapau n tsun ai, ang ai hpe, jaw ai hpe, teng ai hpe, shawng hpang mahkri shawn rai nna, asan nga tsun sanglang ai re (John M. Swales & Christine B. Feak, 2012). Dai re ai majaw, shi a ka htung, ka lai, ka hkrang ni san san rai nga ai. Nkau mi English ga hku sha academic writing mai ka ai shadu ma ai, dai gaw shut ai lam re. Shi gaw ga hpe madung dat ai n re sha ladat, tara, hkrang ni hpe madung tawn ai.
🌳Academic writing a yaw shada lam ni gaw, madang tsaw hpaji sharin ya ai, sharin la ai magam b**gli ni hta grau tang du, joi hpring na matu rai nga ai. Madang tsaw hpaji jawng ni hta, dam lada ai hku jai lang ai. Ga shadawn, jawngma ni sharin hkamla ngut sai lam hpe chye na hkawn hkrang ai lam nga, n-nga hpe jep jen na matu, sumrat (essay), sumtang (report) ka shangun ai hte sanpoi jep ai lam ni hta jai lang ai. Grau nna gaw madang tsaw hpaji jawng ni hta, janmau jaw shagrau na matu, galaw shangun ai sawkhkrawk (research) amu ni hta academic writing gaw n lawm n mai rai nga ai. Maga mi de jaw shut ginghka chye ai myit nyan(critical thinking) lapyin rawng wa hkra, gang bang ya ai hku mung jai lang ma ai.
🌳Laika hpan hta hkan nna, shi a nsam nsen ngu ai mung nga ai. Academic writing a nsam nsen gaw tsun mayu ai hpe asan sha ngu nna tup hkrak htawng madun ai lam re. Manu mana sarakaba ndai gaw gara hku tsun da ai, htawra hpaji munu gaw kaning nga ai ngu nna, madi hkrai madi madun dan lu yang she academic writing byin ai n re. Academic writing gaw, masha hpe shamau ai, shakawng dan ai, htang kaba hkra galaw ai lam n re, tinang kade chye ai hpe arawng mala dan ai lam mung n re. Tinang ngu mayu ai lam hpe jaw ang ai ga si, ga yan ni hte shi a rit (hkrang) kata kaw htawng madun dan ai lam she re. Gara laika hpan hpe ka ai rai timung, laika ka npawt nhpang tara (writing mechanics) hpe gaw chye nan chye da ra ai. Matut nna, laika hpan hta hkan nna ka ai ladat, hkrang, lang ai ga si, ga yan, ga pang shachyaw ai lai, rit kawp, yaw shada lam ni du hkra shai hkat nga ai.
🌳Hpung dim ga nga yang, academic writing gaw masat tawn da ai rit kata kaw asan sha chye myit, chye sawn, chye htawng madun dan na hpe madung dat ai lam re. Anhte a myit mang ai lam ni, tsun mayu ai lam ni hpe grau san hkra, hkrak tup rai hkra htawng madun dan ai lam hta karum ya ai lakung lakap langai rai nga ai.
Note - kaga laika ka ai hpan ni a lam hpe mung myit lawm ai ni nga yang, cb or cm hku chye shangun rit.
🌳References
Hyland, K. (2004). Disciplinary discourses: Social interactions in academic writing. University of Michigan Press.
Swales, J. M., & Feak, C. B. (2012). Academic writing for graduate students: Essential tasks and skills (3rd ed.). University of Michigan Press.
American Psychological Association. (2020). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association (7th ed.). American Psychological Association.
-- Sara Lashap
-- 27 March 2026 (Friday)
