វប្បធម៌អ្នកអាន / សុ ចិ បុ លិ

អក្សរសាស្ត្រ ប្រាជ្ញលោកប្រកាស ថាពិតប្រាកដ ជាពន្លឺជាតិ ភ្លឺស្អាតហ្មត់ចត់ អក្សររលត់ ជាតិរលាយ។

Basic of Buddhist Meditation and learn how to practice Buddhist meditation?



Thus have I heard. At one time the Blessed One was living in the Kurus, at Kammasadamma, a market-town of the Kuru people.
Then the Blessed One addressed the bhikkhus as follows: "This is the only way, O bhikkhus, for the purification of beings, for the overcoming of sorrow and lamentation, for the destruction of suffering and grief, for reaching the right path, for the attainment of Nibbana, namely, the Four Foundations of Mindfulness."
According this saying, there are five purposes of practising meditation of four foundations of Mindfulness. Buddhist Meditation is firmly based on Mindfulness. In Pali, it is called ‘SATI’.
1. for the purification of beings,
2. for the overcoming of sorrow and lamentation,
3. for the destruction of suffering and grief,
4. for reaching the right path,
5. for the attainment of Nibbana (the eternal blissfulness,enlightenment)
The Four Foundations of Mindfulness
"What are the four?
"Here, bhikkhus, a bhikkhu lives contemplating the body in the body, ardent, clearly comprehending (it) and mindful (of it), having overcome, in this world, covetousness and grief; he lives contemplating the feelings in the feelings, ardent, clearly comprehending (them) and mindful (of them), having overcome, in this world, covetousness and grief; he lives contemplating consciousness in consciousness, ardent, clearly comprehending (it) and mindful (of it), having overcome in this world covetousness and grief; he lives contemplating mental objects in mental objects, ardent, clearly comprehending (them) and mindful (of them), having overcome, in this world, covetousness and grief."
These are the four foundations of mindfulness
1. Mindfulness of Body
2. Mindfulness of feelings
3. Mindfulness of mind
4. Mindfulness of mind-objects (mental objects)
So, the objects of mindfulness meditation are our own body, feelings (sensation), mind and mind-objects.It means we use our body and mind for meditation.

‘In this world’ here, it means ‘our own world which is our body and mind’. According to Buddhist Philosophy, human being is formed of Five Aggregates. These five aggregates are our WORLD. These five are called Mind and Matter or in simple words, MIND and BODY.
1. Form (body)
2. Sensation (feelings)
3. Perception
4. Volitional formation (mental formation)
5. Consciousness
1. The Contemplation of the Body
Mindfulness of Breathing
"And how, O bhikkhus, does a bhikkhu live contemplating the body in the body?
"Here, O bhikkhus, a bhikkhu, gone to the forest, to the foot of a tree, or to an empty place, sits down with crossed legs, keeps his body erect (body straight), and establish his mindfulness in the object of meditation, namely, the breath which is in front of him.
Here, it explains that there are three places suitable for practising mindfulness meditation.
1. Forest
2. Foot of the tree (root of the tree)
3. Empty place (silent place)
After finding a suitable place, you have to sit down with crossed legs, keep your body straight and establish your mindfulness in the inhalation and exhalation process (or in the process of breathing in and breathing out).
"Mindful, he breathes in, and mindful, he breathes out. He, thinking, 'I breathe in long,' he understands when he is breathing in long; or thinking, 'I breathe out long,' he understands when he is breathing out long; or thinking, 'I breathe in short,' he understands when he is breathing in short; or thinking, 'I breathe out short,' he understands when he is breathing out short.
"'Experiencing the whole body, I shall breathe in,' thinking thus, he trains himself. 'Experiencing the whole body, I shall breathe out,' thinking thus, he trains himself. 'Calming the activity of the body, I shall breathe in,' thinking thus, he trains himself. 'Calming the activity of the body, I shall breathe out,' thinking thus, he trains himself.
"Just as a clever turner or a turner's apprentice, turning long, understands: 'I turn long;' or turning short, understands: 'I turn short'; just so, indeed, O bhikkhus, a bhikkhu, when he breathes in long, understands: 'I breathe in long'; or, when he breathes out long, understands: 'I breathe out long'; or, when he breathes in short, he understands: 'I breathe in short'; or when he breathes out short, he understands: 'I breathe out short.' He trains himself with the thought: 'Experiencing the whole body, I shall breathe in.' He trains himself with the thought: 'Experiencing the whole body, I shall breathe out.' He trains himself with the thought: 'Calming the activity of the body I shall breathe in.' He trains himself with the thought: 'Calming the activity of the body I shall breathe out.'
There are four types of breath you will experience by yourself when you are practising mindfulness of breathing.
1. Experiencing Long breath
2. Experiencing Short breath
3. Experiencing (your breath) the whole body
4. Experiencing calmness in the activity of the body
"Thus he lives contemplating the body in the body inter

Sources from Venerable Kasyapa Bhikkhu.