22/02/2018
TCP/IP suite of protocols
The TCP/IP suite is a set of protocols used on computer networks today (most notably on the Internet). It provides an end-to-end connectivity by specifying how data should be packetized, addressed, transmitted, routed and received on a TCP/IP network. This functionality is organized into four abstraction layers and each protocol in the suite resides in a particular layer.
The TCP/IP suite is named after its most important protocols, the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and the Internet Protocol (IP). Some of the protocols included in the TCP/IP suite are:
· ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) – used to convert an IP address to a MAC address.
· IP (Internet Protocol) – used to deliver packets from the source host to the destination host based on the IP addresses.
· ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) – used to detects and reports network error conditions. Used in ping.
· TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) – a connection-oriented protocol that enables reliable data transfer between two computers.
·UDP (User Datagram Protocol) – a connectionless protocol for data transfer. Since a session is not created before the data transfer, there is no guarantee of data delivery.
· FTP (File Transfer Protocol) – used for file transfers from one host to another.
· Telnet (Telecommunications Network) – used to connect and issue commands on a remote computer.
·DNS (Domain Name System) – used for host names to the IP address resolution.
·HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) – used to transfer files (text, graphic images, sound, video, and other multimedia files) on the World Wide Web.
