Closed club

Wave Phenomena:

1--Sound waves are longitudinal and mechanical.
2--Light slows down, bends toward the normal and has a shorter wavelength when it enters a higher (n) value medium.
3--All angles in wave theory problems are measured to the normal.
4--Violet light has more energy. A shorter wavelength and a higher frequency than red light (remember- ROYGBIV(lowest energy to highest energy)).
5--The electromagnetic spectrum (radio, infrared, visible. Ultraviolet x-ray and gamma) are listed lowest energy to highest.
6--A prism produces a rainbow from white light by dispersion (red bends the least because it slows the least).
7--Light wave are transverse (they can be polarized).
8--The speed of all types of electromagnetic waves is 3.0 x 108 m/sec in a vacuum.
9--The amplitude of a sound wave determines its energy.
10--Constructive interference occurs when two waves are zero (0) degrees out of phase or a whole number of wavelengths (360 degrees.) out of phase.
11--At the critical angle a wave will be refracted to 90 degrees.
12--According to the Doppler effect a wave source moving toward you will generate waves with a shorter wavelength and higher frequency.
13--Double slit diffraction works because of diffraction and interference.
14--Single slit diffraction produces a much wider central maximum than double slit.
15--Diffuse reflection occurs from dull surfaces while regular reflection occurs from mirror type surfaces.
16--As the frequency of a wave increases its energy increases and its wavelength decreases.
17--Transverse wave particles vibrate back and forth perpendicular to the wave direction.
18--Wave behavior is proven by diffraction, interference and the polarization of light.
19--Shorter waves with higher frequencies have shorter periods.
20--Radio waves are electromagnetic and travel at the speed of light (c).
21--Monochromatic light has one frequency.
22--Coherent light waves are all in phase.

ENGLISH VOCAB ( IDIOMS & PHRASES )
1.The pros and cons ( फायदे और नुकसान)
Meaning – Points for and points against
Example -We've been discussing the pros and cons of buying a house.

2.Hale and hearty (तंदुरुस्त)
Meaning – Strong and healthy
Example - The young infant was hale and hearty.

3. A narrow escape (बाल – बाल बचना )
Meaning – a situation in which you were lucky because you just managed to avoid danger or trouble
Example - He only just got out of the vehicle before the whole thing blew up. It was a narrow escape.

4.Build castles in the air
Meaning – To have plans, hopes etc. Which are unlikely to become reality
Example - I really like to sit on the porch in the evening, just building castles in the air.

5.Lead the field (बहुत प्रसिद्ध, सबसे आगे होना )
Meaning – Very famous, to lead
Example - There are some areas of medical research where Russian scientists still lead the field.

6.Sit on the fence ( चर्चा के दो पक्षों के बीच निर्णय लेने से बचना)
Meaning – Avoid deciding between two sides of an argument, discussion, quarrel etc.
Example - When Jane and Tom argue, it is best to sit on the fence and not make either of them angry. No one knows which of the candidates Joan will vote for. She's sitting on the fence.

7. Meet one's Waterloo (अंत में पराजित होना )
Meaning: to meet one's final and insurmountable challenge
Example: The boss is being very hard on Bill. It seems that Bill has finally met his Waterloo.

8.Put something on the cuff
Meaning: to buy something on credit; to add to one's credit balance.
Example: I'll take two of those, and please put them on the cuff.

9. Off-the-cuff (तैयारी के बिना)
Meaning: Without previous thought or preparation.
Example: Her remarks were off-the-cuff, but very sensible.

10. Flesh and blood
Meaning – The human body, the weaknesses, desires, fears etc. that human beings have
Example - his cold weather is more than flesh and blood can stand

NET NEUTRALITY __Its principle that Internet service (or)telco providers and governments should treat all data on the Internet equally
net neutrality also called as___
network neutrality or Internet neutrality or net equality
*The term was coined by Columbia University media law professor Tim Wu in 2003.
* Chile became the first country in the world to pass net neutrality legislation in 2010.
* US under scanner
* hot topic recent AIRTEL -- FLIP KART issue

1. Name the Indian Sports
personality recently inducted as a
member of Laureus Sports
Academy.
– Sachin Ramesh Tendulkar
2. Who was awarded as the Laureus
World Sportsman of the Year?
– Novak Djokovic
3. Who received the award for
Laureus World Team of the Year?
– Germany National Football Team
4. Asian Cricket Council recently
changed the Asia Cup 2016 format
to ________.
– T20 (20 overs game)
5. Who won the girl’s single title in
Asian Junior Tennis Championship?
– Pranjala Yadlapalli
6. Manish Rawat is related to which
sport?
– Racewalking
7. Khushbir Kaur is known for
which sport?
– Racewalking
8. Name the Former Bengal U–19
Ranji Team captain who passed
away recently.
– Ankit Keshri
9. Which Indian Sportsperson
recently opened a gym franchise
under the brand name CHISEL?
– Virat Kohli
10. Who won the men’s title in
Monte Carlo Masters title of Tennis?
– Novak Djokovic
11. Novak Djokovic recently won
the men’s singles title in Monte
Carlo Masters title of Tennis by
defeating ___________.
– Tomas Berdych
12. Archana Girish Kamath is know
for which sport?
– Table Tennis
13. Who won the girls’ doubles
table tennis title at the French
junior and cadet open 2015?
– Archana Girish Kamath and Anezka
Ilcikova
14. Who was recently appointed as
the Chief Adviser of Anti–
Corruption & Security Unit of BCCI?
– Neeraj Kumar
15. Which African nation will host
Africa T20 Cup 2015?
– South Africa

Minimum Alternative Tax - An Insight
A Definition -

Direct tax in lay terms is a tax on income that you have to pay, it cannot be shifted to others. Some of its forms include income tax, wealth tax, etc. Direct taxes are directly levied on individuals, corporations and organisations and collected by way of income tax returns to be filed each year.

An indirect tax is collected by an intermediary (such as a retail store) from the person who bears the ultimate economic burden of the tax (such as the customer). Indirect taxes include sales tax, service tax, value-added tax, commodity transaction tax and securities transaction tax among others.

One such indirect tax is the minimum alternate tax (MAT). Going forward, we will explain what MAT is, the reasons for its introduction, and who is liable to pay the tax.

Normally, a company is liable to pay tax on the income computed in accordance with the provisions of the Income-Tax Act, but the profit and loss account of the company is prepared as per provisions of the Companies Act.

In the past, a large number of companies showed book profits on their profit and loss account and at the same time distributed huge dividends. However, these companies didn’t pay any tax to the government as they reported either nil or negative income under provisions of the Income-Tax Act.

These companies were showing book profits and declaring dividends to their shareholders but were not paying any tax. These companies are popularly known as ‘zero tax’ companies.

The Indian Income-Tax Act allows a large number of exemptions from total income. Besides exemptions, there are several deductions permitted from the gross total income. Further, depreciation allowable under the Income-Tax Act, is not the same as required under the Companies Act. The latter provides a lower rate viz-a-viz the I-T Act which computes a higher rate of depreciation.

The result of such exemptions, deductions, and other incentives under the Income-Tax Act in the form of liberal rates of depreciation is the emergence of zero tax companies, which in spite of having high book profit are able to reduce their taxable income to nil.

Government's take on MAT

Government formed panel to resolve tax dispute with foreign investors.
Finance Minister Arun Jaitley announced that a high-level committee will look into the controversial issue of payment of Minimum Alternate Tax (MAT) by FIIs.
The Committee is requested to give its recommendation of the specific issues of MAT on FIIs expeditiously.
Government also declared that minimum alternate tax (MAT) would not be applicable on foreign companies’ earning from capital gains on securities, royalty, fee on technical services and interest, providing a huge breather to foreign investors.

Foreign market entry modes
A mode of entry into an international market is the channel which your organization employs to gain entry to a new international market. There are different modes of entry into international markets such as the Internet, Exporting, Licensing, International Agents, International Distributors, Strategic Alliances, Joint Ventures, Overseas Manufacture and International Sales Subsidiaries.There are two major types of entry modes: equity and non-equity modes. The non-equity modes category includes export and contractual agreements.The equity modes category includes: joint venture and wholly owned subsidiaries.

Licensing
Licensing includes franchising, Turnkey contracts and contract manufacturing.Licensing is where your own organization charges a fee and/or royalty for the use of its technology, brand and/or expertise.
Franchising involves the organization (franchiser) providing branding, concepts, expertise, and infact most facets that are needed to operate in an overseas market, to the franchisee. Management tends to be controlled by the franchiser. Examples include Dominos Pizza, Coffee Republic and McDonald’s Restaurants.
Turnkey contracts are major strategies to build large plants. They often include a the training and development of key employees where skills are sparse – for example, Toyota’s car plant in Adapazari, Turkey. You would not own the plant once it is handed over.
International Agents and International Distributors
Agents are often an early step into international marketing. Put simply, agents are individuals or organizations that are contracted to your business, and market on your behalf in a particular country. They rarely take ownership of products, and more commonly take a commission on goods sold. Agents usually represent more than one organization. Agents are a low-cost, but low-control option. If you intend to globalize, make sure that your contract allows you to regain direct control of product. Of course you need to set targets since you never know the level of commitment of your agent. Agents might also represent your competitors – so beware conflicts of interest. They tend to be expensive to recruit, retain and train. Distributors are similar to agents, with the main difference that distributors take ownership of the goods. Therefore they have an incentive to market products and to make a profit from them. Otherwise pros and cons are similar to those of international agents.

Strategic Alliances (SA)
Strategic alliances is a term that describes a whole series of different relationships between companies that market internationally. Sometimes the relationships are between competitors. There are many examples including:
Shared manufacturing e.g. Toyota Ayago is also marketed as a Citroen and a Peugeot.
Research and Development (R&D) arrangements.
Distribution alliances e.g. iPhone was initially marketed by O2 in the United Kingdom.
Marketing agreements.
Essentially, Strategic Alliances are non-equity based agreements i.e. companies remain independent and separate.

Joint Ventures (JV)
Joint Ventures tend to be equity-based i.e. a new company is set up with parties owning a proportion of the new business. There are many reasons why companies set up Joint Ventures to assist them to enter a new international market:Access to technology, core competences or management skills. For example, Honda’s relationship with Rover in the 1980’s.To gain entry to a foreign market. For example, any business wishing to enter China needs to source local Chinese partners.Access to distribution channels, manufacturing and R&D are most common forms of Joint Venture.

Overseas Manufacture or International Sales Subsidiary
A business may decide that none of the other options are as viable as actually owning an overseas manufacturing plant i.e. the organization invests in plant, machinery and labor in the overseas market. This is also known as Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). This can be a new-build, or the company might acquire a current business that has suitable plant etc. Of course you could assemble products in the new plant, and simply export components from the home market (or another country). The key benefit is that your business becomes localized – you manufacture for customers in the market in which you are trading. You also will gain local market knowledge and be able to adapt products and services to the needs of local consumers. The downside is that you take on the risk associated with the local domestic market. An International Sales Subsidiary would be similar, reducing the element of risk, and have the same key benefit of course. However, it acts more like a distributor that is owned by your own company.

GK Update
1. INS Sardar Patel commissioned
i. A strategically important new Naval base — INS Sardar Patel — was commissioned in Porbandar.
ii. The base was commissioned by Gujarat Chief Minister Anandiben Patel.

iii. Ms. Patel unveiled the plaque and read the commissioning warrant of the new base which is second in the state for the Indian Navy after INS Dwarka near Okha.
iv. Gujarat has a coastline of 1600 km interspersed with 43 ports. Of these, Kandla being a major port, 11 are intermediate and 31 are minor ports.

2. Russia celebrates victory day
i. Victory Day is Russia's most important secular holiday, both commemorating the Soviet Union's huge suffering in the war and highlighting Russia's portrayal of itself as a force for peace and security.
ii. Chinese President Xi Jinping was the most prominent world leader to attend the Victory Day parade.

iii. Russia showed off new machines of war, including a highly sophisticated tank, in the annual Victory Day military parade through Red Square that marks the surrender of N**i Germany and the Red Army's key role in the defeat.

3. Modi to inaugurate first Gandhian studies centre in China
i. The first centre for Gandhian studies in China will be inaugurated at Shanghai’s Fudan University by Prime Minister Narendra Modi.
ii. The Centre for Gandhian Studies will be established at the Fudan University in China and the staff for it will be provided by Indian Council of Cultural Relations (ICCR).
iii. Mr. Modi, during his visit from May 14-16, will also announce the setting up of a Yoga College in China.
iv. India will provide Yoga specialists and help China to bring about a standardisation of Yoga techniques.

4. MoUs worth Rs 24,000 cr signed during PM Narendra Modi's visit to Chattisgarh
i. In a big push for infrastructure development in Chhattisgarh, MoUs worth Rs 24,000 crore were signed at Dantewada.
ii. Here is a list of the MoUs that were signed:
MoU between Government of Chhattisgarh, NMDC, IRCON and SAIL for 140 km rail line between Rowghat and Jagdalpur. Estimated project cost: Rs 2,000 crore.

MoU between Ministry of Steel, Government of Chhattisgarh, SAIL and NMDC for 3 million ton Ultra Mega Steel Plant with an investment of approximately Rs 18,000 crore.
MoU between Government of Chhattisgarh and NMDC for Slurry Pipeline and 2MTPA Pellet Plant at Nagarnar in Bastar District with an investment of Rs 4,000 crore.
MoU between Government of Chhattisgarh and SAIL for setting up 1MTPA Pellet Plant at Dalli-Rajhara, Balod District with an investment of Rs 826 crore.

5. PM Modi to unveil 3 social security schemes in Kolkata
i. Prime Minister Narendra Modi will launch three social security schemes pertaining to insurance and pension in Kolkata.
ii. While two insurance schemes - Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana (PMSBY) and Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana (PMJJBY) will provide insurance cover in the unfortunate event of death by any cause or disability due to an accident, the pension scheme - Atal Pension Yojana (APY) will address the old age income security needs.
iii. The convenient delivery mechanism of the schemes is expected to address the problem of very low pe*******on of life or accident insurance and old age income security products in the country.
iv. The PMSBY will offer a renewable one year accidental death cm disability cover of Rs two lakh to all the savings bank account holders in the age group of 18 to 70 years for a premium of Rs 12 per annum.

6. India Posts's e-commerce centre set to start operations
i. To cash in on growing online shopping trend, India Post Delhi circle will start its e-commerce centre from 11th May 2015.
ii. Considering the rapid growth of e-commerce business in the country in the recent past, the Department of Posts, through Delhi Postal Circle has taken up a project to establish the e-commerce centre at Safdarjang, New Delhi.
iii. The centre is to be dedicated to the nation by Ravi Shankar Prasad, hon'ble minister of communications and information technology.
iv. The centre is capable of handling 30,000 parcels or articles per day and parcels collected from the e-commerce customers, processed and dispatched within 24 hours to respective destination through quickest available flight or train, as the case may be.

7. Now Whatsapp the money to your friends
i. Axis Bank, the country's third largest private sector bank now facilitates instant transfer of money on various social media channels like Whatsapp, Facebook, Twitter, Email list and phone contact list.
ii. The bank's Ping Pay service competes with other banks digital products like ICICI Bank's Pockets and HDFC Bank's Chillar.
iii. The transfer of funds is instant while in other platforms there is a waiting period of 30 minutes to one day
iv. The person to person funds transfer through Ping Pay would happen via NPCI's Immediate Payment Service (IMPS) and currently the transaction limit is at Rs 50,000 per day.

8. Sakshi, Lalita win bronze in Asian Wrestling Championship
i. Sakshi Malik and Lalita bagged bronze medal in Women's Freestyle 60kg and 55kg categories, respectively, even as Babita Kumari lost out on a third-place finish in 53kg division of the Senior Asian Wrestling Championship in Doha.
ii. Lalita was defeated by North Korea's Han Kum-ok 3-9 in the semifinal but she managed to settle for a bronze medal in the end in her category.
iii. In a total of five rounds in the 60kg category, Sakshi won two of her bouts to claim the third position.

Pattern
SBI PO examination is one of the most important examinations not only for the banking aspirants, but for the civil services and UPSC aspirants as well. SBI has reported 2000 vacancies this year and also brought some pattern change in the recruitment process by including Preliminary Exam. With this change in the process many students sent their queries asking like “Paper kaisa hoga”, “Kya kya aayega”, “Prelims ke liye kitna padhna padega”.
In this article, we will explain the syllabus in detail and we will try to forecast the way it is going to be so that none of our regular student misses this wonderful opportunity. In this post of Bankers Adda, you will find the whole syllabus with the number of questions expected in each sections.

Let’s Begin

1. Pattern of the Preliminary Exam :
a) Reasoning Ability : 35 Questions
b) Quantitative Aptitude : 35 Questions
c) English : 30 Questions

a) Reasoning ability :
Reasoning has always been the difficult section in SBI exam. But Being the preliminary exam, we can expect that the difficulty level of SBI exam will be moderate and will include many important topics. We are providing the details in the following table :

b) Quantitative Aptitude :
Quantitative aptitude used to be the toughest part because it included both time taking and calculative part and most of the questions was from Data interpretation and analysis. But in the preliminary section, we can hope questions from all the topics as this time SBI has written it as Quantitative Aptitude. We can expect the following topics that one can cover for Prelim exam.

c) English Language :
The syllabus for English section has always been same and is considered to be one of the scoring sections. This time we can expect that English will be of moderate level and everyone will be able to do it. The topicwise details are as follows :

2. Mains Examination
Now let’s talk about the most important part of the whole recruitment process i.e. the Mains examinations. This part will need more effort and time management skills. With the most of the reported instances, we can say that if you mange to do it in time, then you will be having an advantage over others. There is no hard and fast rule that you need to follow. I am showing you an example to divide your time that most of our readers can follow or you can make your own time division analysis :

This Division of time helped a lot of students to clear their examination and get through all the recruitment processes of IBPS, RBI, NABARD, LIC, NIACL, NICL, GIC, etc. Now if you are thinking about number of questions to be attempted in the examination, then let it be clear that you need to attempt as many as possible and all the attempted questions should be correct and no need to go for any ‘Tukka’ because that ‘Tukka’ can make a difference between your marks and cut-off marks.
Now coming to the bifurcation of the questions from the mains exam, we would be providing you the detailed division that will definitely make your way towards clearing the exam.
Mains Exam will include the following subjects and topics :

a) Reasoning (High Level)
b) Data Interpretation and Analysis
c) General Awareness, Marketing, Computers
d) English Language

This will be the real deal in the whole process and the topicwise details are as follows :

a) Reasoning (High Level) :
This is one the important section where numbers can be scored easily and one can devote a good amount of time to to score in this section. Speculations are clear about this sections as it will be unchanged and will follow the old pattern and the topics are mentioned below :

b) Data Interpretation and Analysis
This is the most hated part of the paper and most of the students are scared with this part. They attempt this section to clear the individual cut-off. No one thinks of getting more marks in this section because it can be dangerous to deal with, in the paper. Following is the topicwise break up of this section :

c) General Awareness, Marketing, Computers
Now Coming to this part, we can only say that capsule provided by Bankers Adda is more than enough to score in this section. The capsule will be out before the exam and till the time you can prepare from daily quizzes on Bankers Adda. This section is the one that anyone can easily score and following are the detailed topicwise bifurcation :

d) English Language
This section is moderate and if one can concentrate on certain topics, then marks can be scored easily. However one should not go for guess work coz it is always suicidal in nature. Following is the bifurcation of the topics covered in English section :

3. Descriptive Test :
This part is the one that most of the readers are curious about and wanted to know whether it will be typing or pen-paper test. It is clearly mentioned in the recruitment notice that will be typing. So start practicing the typing on the keyboard so that you can get well versed with. You can Practice typing by taking part in free typing test available online. Following are topics coered in this section.

a) Letter-Writing (Formal and Informal)
b) Essay
c) Precise Writing

We have tried to provide you each and everything so that you can win this war without any hastle. We will make sure that whatever we get to know about this paper we will try to post it immediately. You can keep following Bankers Adda for future posts.

Daily GK Update - 10th May 2015

Shashi Kapoor has been conferred with prestigious Dada Saheb Phalke Award 2014
i. The award was bestowed upon him by Union Information and Broadcasting Minister Arun Jaitley at a special function held in Prithvi Theatre in Mumbai, Maharashtra.
ii. He is the 46th film personality to receive this honour and third member of his illustrious family after father Prithviraj Kapoor (1972- Posthumously) and elder brother Raj Kapoor (1987).



About Shashi Kapoor

Born as Balbir Raj Prithviraj Kapoor on March 18, 1938 in Kolkata, West Bengal. Started acting in films as a child in late 1940s. Since then he has appeared in 160 movies altogether, 12 being in English and the rest in Hindi.
His Bollywood debut as a lead actor was in the film Dharmputra (1961). His best known performances as child artist were in Aag (1948), Awaara (1951) and Sangram (1950). He is also best-known for his performances in Hindi films like ‘Jab Jab Phool Khile’, ‘Deewar’ and ‘Kabhi Kabhie’. American and British films: The Householder (1963), Shakespeare Wallah (1965), Bombay Talkie (1970), Heat and Dust (1982), The Deceivers (1988), Side Streets (1998) etc.
Apart from acting in movies, he also had worked as a film director, assistant director and film producer.

WHO declares Liberia Ebola-free
i. WHO has hailed Liberia’s Ebola eradication efforts as an enormous development in the long crisis and monumental achievement as the virus has killed more than 4,716 people in the country alone.
ii. Now, Liberia’s neighbous Guinea and Sierra Leone are only two countries fighting to stop Ebola outbreak since it began in December 2013.

Criteria for declaring a nation Ebola-free
WHO can declare a country Ebola free, if no new cases are reported over two incubation periods of virus i.e. 21 days.
In case of Liberia, no new cases of Ebola were reported in past 42 days i.e. twice the number of days the virus requires to incubate. The last confirmed death in Liberia was reported on 27 March 2015.

Haryana Government has decided to include Deaflympics in its Sports Policy
i. Haryana Government has decided to include Deaflympics in its Sports Policy in order to boost the morale of differently-abled sportspersons in the state. Decision in this regard was taken during a state cabinet meet chaired by Chief Minister Manohar Lal Khattar.
ii. With this inclusion, Deaflympian medalists now will be able to get cash rewards, jobs and other benefits from the state government.

About Deaflympics

Deaflympics is an International Olympic Committee (IOC) sanctioned event, at which deaf athletes compete at an elite level.
The first event of was held in Paris in 1924. It is the first international sporting event for athletes with a disability.
Previously, it was known as World Games for the Deaf and International Games for the Deaf.
Organised by the International Committee of Sports for the Deaf, (French- Committee International des Sports des Sourds) since first event.
Deaflympics are held every 4 years and often considered as the longest multi-sports event, excluding the Olympic.
To qualify for the Deaflympics, athletes must have a hearing loss of at least 55 decibel (dB). In order to maintain equality and same level in participation among athletes, hearing aids, cochlear implants are not allowed during the games.

Navneet Rajan Wasan appointed as DG of Police Research & Development Bureau
i. The post of Director General (DG) of Bureau of Police Research and Development had been lying vacant since March 2015 following the retirement of Rajan Gupta.
ii. Presently, Wasan is working as Special Director General in the National Investigation Agency (NIA). He is a 1980-batch IPS officer of the Andhra Pradesh cadre.

Other Appointment- Indian Postal Service (IPoS) officer Sheuli Burman was appointed as the Chief Vigilance Officer (CVO) in the Indian Telephone Industries (ITI), Bangalore.

Book titled Unbelievable – Delhi to Islamabad written by Prof Bhim Singh released
i. Book titled Unbelievable – Delhi to Islamabad authored by senior Advocate Prof. Bhim Singh was released on 8 May 2015 by Vice President M Hamid Ansari in New Delhi.
ii. The book, a travelogue is an effort initiated by the lawyers of India and Pakistan to work jointly to ensure that Pakistani prisoners languishing in Indian jails are treated in accordance with the spirit of the Constitution of India. Similarly, the same treatment should be mended for the Indian prisoners on Pakistan and they should be given fair trials.

SBI PO 2015: The future of the Internet?
Hello Readers,

On account of upcoming SBI PO 2015 Exam for the post of Probationary Officer, here we are presenting to you all an essay on "The future of the Internet?" Hope you like the post!!!

"Two- thirds of world's Internet users are from developing world. Globally, there are 4 billion people not yet using the Internet and more than 90 % of them are from the developing world", says the 2014 ICT facts and figures of International Telecommunications Union. Though plausibly contradicting, the figures with Indian position are only positively astonishing. With a population of 5,000,000 users in the year 2000, India has crossed over 195,248,950 internet users by the end of 2013. Now, India is world's third largest internet user after the U.S and China. Today, internet is an equitable necessary facility to all of its users available on reasonable rates and ratios. Thus the future of Internet in India, though secured or not, is but only showing tempting corroboration.

"Access" is the keyword of Internet usage, which is what with its users have found utility for. Internet in India has opened easy access routes to vital service platforms including education, commerce and information technology. However, to induce development of the nation, the transactions via internet has to be suitably regulated with law. The rates of fraud, offences and crime within internet activities are also alarming in India. Cyber law awareness as well is a concern of lesser interest for internet users in India. Unlike in the conventional modes of data communication & transaction, potential threats are more probable through internet. Most of the existing safeguards under the current legal framework lack professional touch of expertise.

Electronic Commerce, Social networking and Data communication are three current hotspots of internet utility in India. Electronic Commerce has brought speedy and cheaper services for a consumer. The Information Technology Act, 2000 is the first and foremost Cyber law of India. But the implications of Indian cyber laws over online transactions are lesser known to Indian consumers. They are unaware as to how their rights are protected through these cyber laws. Like the Consumer Protection Act, 1986, the law governing online transactions are also a must education for a 'consumer' of online services. With such state of affairs, the status and legal prospects for E-Commerce transactions in India is now swaying into uncertainty.

Social networking is a parallel plot for internet utility to E-Commerce in India. A report on social media in India by the internet and Mobile Association of India (IAMAI) and Indian Market Research Bureau (IMRB) indicates that the number of social media users in urban India reached 62 million by December 2012. This rising internet corroboration is now easily possible with the affordability of smart phones. True, technological advancement is the foremost factor which sustains a developed nation. However, the channelization of internet utility is not utterly productive in India due to technological enslavement. This requires change in attitude of the users.

The legal regulation of Internet activities in India should be a concern of priority for the Government. The I.T Act, 2000 is known for its lack of foundation as a beneficial piece of legislation. Though it defines many concepts in one spine, modeled from the UNCTITRAL Model Law on Electronic Commerce Transactions, it only pays little effort to encourage an environment to make laws regulating E-Commerce or internet activities to be transparent and effective. The Indian Contract Act, 1872, Indian Penal Code, 1860, The Consumer Protection Act, 1986, Law on Intellectual property and taxation etc has to be read alone for a comprehensive regulation of internet activities which makes the regulatory aspects scattered over pieces of legislation. In its current form, the IT Act is almost inadequate to perform as a comprehensive Cyber law of India. It is in the better interest of India that there be efforts to fashion the IT Act into a substantive Cyber law and thereby leveling itself to its global counterparts.

The difficulty to trace evidences and proving the genuineness of the same in courts has been a hindrance to lower the cyber crime rates in India. The expertise in operating hardware and software systems is also lacking in regulatory sectors. To overcome the hindrances, the need of the hour would be a collective action from all of the stake holders so as to cut out an effective techno-legal framework governing the productive internet activities.