12/05/2025
*TENSES
âĸ *Tense* shows the timeand state of an action.
âĸ *There are 3 main tenses* â Present, Past, Future.
âĸ *Each tense has 4 forms* â Simple, Continuous, Perfect, Perfect Continuous.
âĸ *Simple Present* â Habitual actions (e.g., He plays cricket).
âĸ *Present Continuous* â Ongoing actions (e.g., He is playing).
âĸ *Present Perfect* â Action just completed (e.g., He has played).
âĸ *Present Perfect Continuous* â Action continuing from past (e.g., He has been playing).
âĸ *Simple Past* â Completed action (e.g., He played).
âĸ *Past Continuous* â Ongoing past action (e.g., He was playing).
âĸ *Past Perfect* â Action completed before another past action (e.g., He had played).
âĸ *Past Perfect Continuous* â Past action continuing over time (e.g., He had been playing).
âĸ *Simple Future* â Future action (e.g., He will play).
âĸ *Future Continuous* â Ongoing future action (e.g., He will be playing).
âĸ *Future Perfect* â Action completed before a time in future (e.g., He will have played).
âĸ *Future Perfect Continuous* â Future action continuing till a time (e.g., He will have been playing).
âĸ Helping verbs:
âĸ *Present:* is/am/are, has/have
âĸ *Past:* was/were, had
âĸ *Future:* will/shall
âĸ Use*V1*in simple present;*V2*in simple past; has/have + V3 in present perfect.
âĸ *Since* (point of time) andFor* (period of time) are used in perfect continuous tenses.
âĸ *Never use two past tenses* together in a conditional sentence.
âĸ Time indicators:
âĸ *Always, usually* = Present
âĸ *Yesterday, ago* = Past
âĸ *Tomorrow, next* = Future