Centre for Communication Governance at National Law University, Delhi

As policymakers worldwide grapple with regulating sexualised deepfakes and AI-generated Non-Consensual Intimate Imagery (NCII), questions of consent, platform accountability, and victim protection have become central to contemporary governance debates.

Recent incidents underscore the urgency of these concerns. In late 2025, users on X reportedly leveraged Grok AI to generate sexualised images of women and children, illustrating how generative technologies can be misused at scale and raising renewed questions about platform responsibility.

Tech policy can be a tough nut to crack but we at CCG strive to make it more accessible. Join our discourse in the comments below.



[Tech policy, NCII, privacy, consent, sexual deepfakes, women's safety, women's safety online, Grok AI, CCG Explains, terms used in tech policy ]

In 2025, the fundamental right to life and personal liberty under Article 21 of the Constitution was expanded to include digital access. In the ‘Amar Jain v. Union of India’ case, the SC ruled on the imperative that inability to make all public digital platforms accessible leads to exclusion and discrimination – especially when essential services like banking, healthcare, education and welfare schemes move online.

Similarly, the EU views digital access as essential for participation in modern society. Its 2022 Declaration on Digital Rights and Principles commits member states to promote affordable connectivity, digital skills, and accessible digital services so that no one is left behind in the digital transition.

Tech policy can be a tough nut to crack, but we at CCG strive to make it more accessible. Join our discourse in the comments below.



[Tech policy, tech governance, Digital Access, Limited Digital Access, Digital Divide, CCG Explains, terms used in tech policy]

From chatbots to search engines, Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly shaping how we interact with information online.

Significant questions arise with the advent of LLMs -- ChatGPT, Perplexity, DeepSeek, Claude -- right from their training stage to their deployment. From the use of copyrighted material in training datasets to outputs that may reproduce bias, hallucinations, plagiarism, or lack contextual understanding. Concerns have also been raised around transparency, environmental impact, and emotional dependency on AI systems.



[Tech policy, tech governance, Artificial Intelligence, AI, LLMs, Large Language Models, ChatGPT, Perplexity, DeepSeek, Claude, internet governance, CCG Explains, terms used in tech policy ]

What is the doctrine of ultra vires? And is it connected to the proposed amendments to the IT Intermediary Guidelines Rules, 2021?
Let's take a look!

To know more in depth, read our comments: https://ccgdelhi.org/research-policy-input/ccg-nluds-written-submission-proposed-amendments-2026-to-the-it-intermediary-guidelines-rules-2021

Are you a skilled at bringing to life theoretical ideas? Then this is your chance!

We are looking for a design consultant for a short engagement to help bring our work to a new realsm.

Last date: 25 June 2026
For more: https://ccgdelhi.org/get-involved/employment-opportunities/call-for-applications-for-design-consultant

India’s Unified Payments Interface (UPI) — often cited as a prominent example of Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI) — has been a building block for private players like Paytm and Google Pay to build upon. DPI infrastructures built on open-source technologies can allow adoptability and adaptability of one country’s DPI to other geographies.

Like any public infrastructure, DPI systems aim to be a 'common' good that could lead towards welfare and even moving towards achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). These systems are supposed to be designed with emphasis on key principles of security, privacy and consent. Notwithstanding, questions around data sharing, the role of foreign technology companies, and concerns related to state surveillance continue to shape discussions on DPI.

Tech policy can be a tough nut to crack but we at CCG strive to make it more accessible. Join our discourse in the comments below.



[Tech policy, tech governance, DPI, Digital Public Infrastructure, Digital Public Goods, internet governance, CCG Explains, terms used in tech policy ]

Built on distributed ledger technology, it allows real-time access, validation, and recording of information across multiple entities and locations. While Bitcoin and Ethereum remain its most well known implementations, blockchain's applications extend well beyond cryptocurrency into areas like land records, digital identity, healthcare, supply chains, and food security.

By 2022, the blockchain ecosystem in India and Australia was still emerging, with most activity concentrated in small and medium sized industry players and limited participation from government, academia, and civil society. Fewer than 20% of mapped stakeholders demonstrated any meaningful commitment to diversity and inclusion. To know more read our report on 'Mapping the Blockchain Ecosystem in India and Australia':https://ccgdelhi.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/uploads/ccg-phase-i-blockchain-report-2022-1-756.pdf



[ Tech policy, blockchain, internet governance, CCG Explains, terms used in tech policy, blockchain in India]

Data portability gives individuals greater control over their personal data by allowing them to move, copy, or transfer it across different digital platforms and services.

Recognised under Article 20 of the GDPR, this right promotes transparency, enhances user convenience, and reduces vendor lock-in.

Tech policy can be a tough nut to crack, but we at CCG strive to make it more accessible. Join our discourse in the comments below.



[ Tech policy, tech governance, Data Portability, Social Media, internet governance, CCG Explains, terms used in tech policy]

Due to historical under-representation and invisibilisation of many communities, especially from the Global Majority, AI systems embed and perpetuate biases while extracting data from these regions without an equitable distribution of benefits.

As stakeholders continue to engage with the , here are a few priorities for global AI governance that the MAP AI community has emphasised from the perspective of the Global Majority.


[Internet Governance, United Nations, UNGD, AI, impact of AI, multistakeholderism]