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EmbedGyan Private Limited We are a Technology company from India and work in the field of Embedded systems and automation with ability to facilitate/ enable customers to design, manufacture and produce products based on controllers.
we have a hybid team that specialises in develop

https://embedgyan.wordpress.com/2016/09/14/more-ways-to-iot/

More ways to — IOT There exists an almost bewildering choice of connectivity options for electronics engineers and application developers working on products and systems for the Internet of Things (IoT). Many communi…

https://embedgyan.wordpress.com/2016/09/14/communicating-data-in-the-iot/

Communicating data in the IoT Words by Paul Dawson… The Internet of Things is evolving to provide greater intelligence at the node, converting raw data into smart information. With less data to communicate, it becomes mor…

Hey guys how are u all.
we are back for second round of technology.

Here you can post your queries about electronics and embedded systems based projects which you are working upon. or will work in future and just looking for guidance. or places too buy stuff from.

post here

you want to create something with RFID
follow below:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-6Xa6-Cy1zY

Rfid module interfacing with proteus. This is a basic interfacing of rfid card with proteus with help of 8051. This project can be converted to attendance systems,moniteration system or security ...

Good Day friends Embed Gyan first Quiz post, try these questions for more good projects with report :

Quick Quiz: Capacitor and Capacitance:
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1. A capacitor stores 0.24 coulombs at 10 volts. Its capacitance is

a) 0.024 F.

b) 0.12 F.

c) 0.60 F.

d) 0.80 F

2. If the sheet of a backelite is inserted between the plates of an air capacitor, the capacitance will

a) decrease.

b) increase.

c) becomes zero.

d) remains unchanged.

3. The capacitance of a capacitor is not affected by

a) distance between plates.

b) area of plates.

c) thickness of plate.

d) all of them.

4. In a capacitor the electric charge is stored in

a) metal plates.

b) dielectric.

c) both of (A) and (B).

d) none of above.

5. Three capacitors each of capacity C are given. The resultant capacity (2/3) C can obtained by using them

a) all in series.

b) all in parallel.

c) two in parallel and third in series with this combination.

d) two in series and third in parallel across this combination.



6. The sparking between two electrical contacts can be reduced by inserting a

a) capacitor in parallel with contacts.

b) capacitor in series with each contacts.

c) resistance in line.

d) none of above.

7. In a capacitive circuit

a) a steady value of applied voltage causes discharge.

b) an increase in applied voltage make a capacitor charge.

c) decrease in applied voltage makes a capacitor charge.

d) none of above.

8. The inverse of capacitance is called

a) reluctance.

b) conductance.

c) susceptance.

d) elastance.

9. In a capacitor, the electrcal energy is stored in

a) magnetic field.

b) electric field.

c) both of (A) and (A).

d) none of above

10. Internal heating of a capacitor is usually attributed to

a) electron movement.

b) leakage reisitance.

c) dielectric charge.

d) plate vibration.

Note: Answer will be announced with in 2 days, so give ur answer in msg or in comment.

Good day friends today's project of the day

LASER TORCH-BASED VOICE TRANSMITTER AND RECEIVER :

Using this circuit you can communicate with your neighbours wirelessly. Instead of RF signals, light from a laser torch is used as the carrier in the circuit. The laser torch can transmit light up to a distance of about 500 metres. The phototransistor of the receiver must be accurately oriented towards the laser beam from the torch. If there is any obstruction in the path of the laser beam, no sound will be heard from the receiver.
To avoid 50Hz hum noise in the speaker, keep the phototransistor away from AC light sources such as bulbs. The reflected sunlight, however, does not cause any problem. But the sensor should not directly face the sun.

Good day friends today's project of the day

Anti-Sleep Alarm :

Most of the accidents on highways during night occur due to drivers’ poor vision caused by the continuous exposure of their eyes to the bright light from the headlamps of approaching vehicles. The poor vision is due to exhaustion of the visual pigment in the eyes, which induces sleep to restore the pigment.

This circuit keeps you vigilant by sounding intermittent beeps and emitting flashing light so as to remind you that you are not on the bed but driving a vehicle. It works only at night due to the control of a light-dependent resistor (LDR) based switch.

The circuit can be constructed on a perforated board and powered from the vehicle’s battery. The assembled unit should be placed in front of the driver seat preferably on the dashboard. Keep LDR1 away from LEDs to allow it to hibernate at night. The power to the circuit should be tapped from the ignition switch so that the circuit functions only when the vehicle is on the road.

Good day friends today's project of the day "Different One"

Daylight Harvesting With Automatic Lighting :

"Imagine the availability of 60,000 units of light energy through an automatic system that monitors energy consumption to maximise efficiency. So this is the idea of automated and integrated daylight harvesting system"

In this system you do not convert day light into any other form of energy like heat or electricity. This helps increase the product’s life, the product becomes more affordable which, in turn, increases the return on investment.

What it is :
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It is a concept where both natural day light and electrical lighting are integrated into a single and simple platform. Depending on the availability of day light, the electrical lighting system switches on or off to complement light in the area.

Although the Day360 IDS was deduced from the idea of Lightpipe (a solar daylight system), it is a completely new solution with daylight system being just a part of it. The IDS makes use of electrical lighting, day lighting, light sensors and a lighting controller for an all-in-one system that even has smart meter functionality.

How it works :
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The daylight system part of IDS has a light collector, a reflective system and light diffusers. The light collector collects sun light and the reflective system transports this light just like an optical fibre. The light diffusers take the light out of the tube and diffuse it into the building.

Lighting controllers :
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The lighting controllers take care of the entire working of the IDS and also help in switching between day light and electrical lighting. The lighting controller has three parts—daylight sensing, control system and a central control panel.

“The light sensing element used by IDS is a special light sensor built by us. This is an open loop light sensor. Normally the light sensor used in building works in a closed loop. The light sensor that we build gives a continuous feedback to the lighting controller. In an open loop sensor the light is measured from the ambient sky and never measured in the task plane. Whereas in closed loop sensor light is continuously measured at the task pane (a task pane could be either floor level or any other plane) and is given as a feedback to the controller.”

The light sensor continuously measures the ambient sun light. If the ambient sun light is less than the desired light intensity required in the room, the lighting controller turns on the electrical lighting. The electrical lighting is divided into three groups, each representing a step for switching on or off. Depending upon the light intensity, the controller turns on required number of steps in electric lighting. Nori adds, “The lighting controls and the central control panels are also built in-house. All lighting systems can be controlled through central control panels.”

Monitor and control energy :
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The control system monitors the energy consumed and the savings on the lighting system like a smart meter. It also allows the manual override of the system, monitors failures and the data inputs.

The main technology behind IDS is the response of electrical lighting to the available day light. He adds, “In this system we have built a couple of other features too, like the smart metering of energy consumption. The energy consumption of the electric lighting system is continuously measured, metered and displayed in a control panel. So the utility managers or the facility managers can actually monitor the power consumption of the lighting systems and track the energy savings they are able to make, and then they can also convert it to carbon credits.”

Benefits :
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Day lighting is extremely good in terms of the psychological and physiological benefits it delivers. Lots of research and studies conducted for lighting prove that it is a great psychological uplift when the building is day-lit. It improves the mood of the people and enhances productivity.

The use of a day lighting system adds to the energy savings of the building by using sun light as a renewable energy source. It also increases energy efficiency of a building and a reduction in its carbon footprint

Good day friends today's project of the day

VISUAL AC MAINS VOLTAGE INDICATOR :

You should not be surprised if someone tells you that the mains voltage fluctuation could be anywhere from 160 volts to 270 volts. Although majority of our electrical and electronics appliances have some kind of voltage stabilisation internally built-in, more than 90 per cent of the faults in these appliances occur due to these power fluctuations.

This simple test gadget gives visual indication of AC mains voltage from 160 volts to 270 volts in steps of 10 volts. There are twelve LEDs numbered LED1 to LED12 to indicate the voltage level. For input AC mains voltage of less than 160 volts, all the LEDs remain off. LED1 glows when the voltage reaches 160 volts, LED2 glows when the voltage reaches 170 volts and so on. The number of LEDs that glow keeps increasing with every additional 10 volts. When the input voltage reaches 270 volts, all the LEDs glow.

The circuit basically comprises three LM339 comparators (IC1, IC2 and IC3) and a 12V regulator (IC4). It is powered by regulated 12V DC. For power supply, mains 230V AC is stepped down to 15V AC by step-down transformer X1, rectified by a bridge rectifier comprising diodes D1 through D4, filtered by capacitor C4 and regulated by IC4. The input voltage of the regulator is also fed to the inverting inputs of gates N1 through N12 for controlling the level of the AC.

The LED-based display circuit is built around quad op-amp comparators IC1 through IC3. The inverting input of all the comparators is fed with the unregulated DC voltage, which is proportional to mains input, whereas the non-inverting inputs are derived from regulated output of IC4 through a series network of precision resistors to serve as reference DC voltages.

Resistors R13 to R25 are chosen such that the reference voltage at points 1 to 12 is 0.93V, 1.87V, 2.80V, 3.73V, 4.67V, 5.60V, 6.53V, 7.46V, 8.40V, 9.33V, 10.27V and 11.20V, respectively. When the input voltage varies from 160V AC to 270V AC, the DC voltage at the anode of ZD1 also varies accordingly. With input voltage varying from 160V to 270V, the output across filter capacitors C1 and C2 varies from 14.3V to 24.1V approximately. Zener ZD1 is used to drop fixed 12V and apply proportional voltages to all comparator stages (inverting pins). Whenever the voltage at the non-inverting input of the comparators goes high, the LED connected at the output glows.

Assemble the circuit on a general-purpose PCB such that all the LEDs make a bargraph. In the bargraph, mark LED1 for minimum level of 160V, then LED2 for 170V and so on. Finally, mark LED12 for maximum level of 270V.

Now your test gadget is ready to use. For measuring the AC voltage, simply plug the gadget into the mains AC measuring point, press switch S1 and observe the bargraph built around LEDs. Let’s assume that LED1 through LED6 glow. The measured voltage in this case is 220V. Similarly, if all the LEDs glow, it means that the voltage is more than 270V.

Good day friends today's project of the day

WIRELESS SWITCH :

Normally, home appliances are controlled by means of switches, sensors, etc. However, physical contact with switches may be dangerous if there is any shorting.

The circuit described here requires no physical contact for operating the appliance. You just need to move your hand between the infrared LED (IR LED1) and the phototransistor (T1). The infrared rays transmitted by IR LED1 is detected by the phototransistor to activate the hidden lock, flush system, hand dryer or else.

This circuit is very stable and sensitive compared to other AC appliance control circuits. It is simple, compact and cheap. Current consumption is low in milliamperes.

The circuit is built around an IC CA3140, IRLED1, phototransistor and other discrete components. When regulated 5V is connected to the circuit, IR LED1 emits infrared rays, which are received by phototransistor T1 if it is properly aligned. The collector of T1 is connected to non-inverting pin 3 of IC1. Inverting pin 2 of IC1 is connected to voltage-divider preset VR1. Using preset VR1 you can vary the reference voltage at pin 2, which also affects sensitivity of the phototransistor.

Op-amp IC1 amplifies the signal received from the phototransistor. Resistor R3 controls the base current of transistor BC548 (T2). The high output of IC1 at pin 6 drives transistor T2 to energise relay RL1 and switch on the appliance, say, hand dryer, through the relay contacts.The working of the circuit is simple. In order to switch on the appliance, you simply interrupt the infrared rays falling on the phototransistor through your hand. During the interruption, the appliance remains on through the relay. When you remove your hand from the infrared beam, the appliance turns off through the relay.

Assemble the circuit on any general-purpose PCB. Identify the resistors through colour coding or using the multimeter. Check the polarity and pin configuration of the IC and mount it using base. After soldering the circuit, connect +5V supply to the circuit.