Maths & Science Study at Abhyudoy - MSSA

Fun with Science:
No.1: Make Objects Seemingly Disappear-
Basic Principle- Refraction is when light changes direction and speed as it passes from one object to another. Only visible objects reflect light. The velocity of light, C, in a vacuum is 2.99793 x (10 to the power 10) cm/sec. Light cannot travel faster than this, but if it travels through a substance, its velocity will decrease. Note that from the equation --
C = λf
The frequency of vibration,f, remains constant when the light passes through a substance. Thus, if the velocity, C, is reduced on passage through a substance, the wavelength, λ, must also decrease.
We here define refractive index, n, of a material or substance as the ratio of the speed of light in a vacuum, C, to the speed of light in a material through which it passes, Cm.

n = C/Cm
Note that the value of refractive index will always be greater than 1.0, since Cm can never be greater than C. In general, Cm depends on the density of the material, with Cm decreasing with increasing density. Thus, higher density materials will have higher refractive indices.

When two materials with similar reflective properties come into contact, light will pass through both the materials at the same speed, rendering the other material invisible.

Experiment:
Stuff you need: PYREX Or VEGETABLE OIL (Refractive Index- 1.147), BEAKERS (3 Nos.), TEST TUBES (4 Nos.), WATER (Refractive Index- 1.333).
Preparation: Each of the above Beakers pour Pyrex/ Vegetable Oil (Beaker No.1), Water (Beaker No.2), and half quantity Water & half quantity Pyrex/ Vegetable Oil (Beaker No.3).
For the above four Test Tubes do the following:
Test Tube No.1: Make both ends open.
Test Tube No.2: Fill water.
Test Tube No.3: Fill Pyrex/ Vegetable Oil.
Test Tube No.4: Fill-up half quantity water and half quantity Pyrex/ Vegetable Oil.
Tests: Immerge each of the Test Tube in turn inside the above Beakers.

Observations:
Test Tube No.1: For all the above three Beakers it is invisible.
Test Tube No.2: It is invisible inside the Beaker containing water (Beaker No2). Also, in the Beaker No.3 where half quantity water and half quantity Pyrex/ Vegetable Oil, it is visible in Pyrex/ Vegetable Oil, but not visible inside water. It is visible in Beaker No.1 containing Pyrex/ Vegetable Oil.
Test Tube No.3: It is invisible inside the Beaker containing Pyrex/ Vegetable Oil (Beaker No.1)l. Also, in the Beaker No.3 where half quantity water and half quantity Pyrex/ Vegetable Oil, it is visible in water, but not visible inside Pyrex/ Vegetable Oil. For Beaker No.2 where water is there it is visible.
Test Tube No.4: Gage what may happen.

Today's topic : GRAVITATIONAL WAVE : As we know the four fundamental forces are : Gravitational force, Electromagnetic force, Strong nuclear force, and Weak nuclear force.
While considering carrier particles with an associated field of force, it's unique property and that is their duality - the wave particle duality. The particle can behave as wave and at the same time as particle.
Light particles called photons are the carriers of electromagnetic force. Radioactivity consists of alpha, beta, and gamma rays when combined with electromagnetism, W and Z bosons are the carriers of the combined force, electromagnetism and weak interaction, and finally, simply put, masons are carriers of the strong force of the nucleus.
Wave behaviour of Gravity is very feeble though that was not that weak through out the history of universe. Up to about 10 to the power -42 Secs after the Big Bang gravity was so strong the classical laws fail, and we have to apply quantum mechanics.
The gravity wave has been discovered on February 11,2016. The LIGO is its result.
How is Gravitational wave generated? Two giant black holes, One being biggest we know so far, were about to merge on February 11. The Gravitational wave generated were detected on earth.
LIGO- Laser Interferometer Gravitational Observatory - is neither an optical telescope nor it is a radio telescope, it is an interferometer. An optical telescope depends entirely on the light emanating from the object and radio telescope depends of the radio waves emanating from the object. But LIGO depends on a Ray of light interfering with another. One Gravitational wave when it interacts with another Gravitational wave it leads to LIGO.
Gravity, discovered by Newton 1687.

Let us play with maths. First one to remember multiplication with 8:
1 × 8 + 1 = 9
12 × 8 + 2 = 98
123 × 8 + 3 = 987
1234 × 8 + 4 = 9876
12345 × 8 + 5 = 98765
123456 × 8 + 6 = 987654
1234567 × 8 + 7 = 9876543
12345678 × 8 + 8 = 98765432
123456789 × 8 + 9 = 987654321

For getting up with new ideas

Let us learn, enjoy and groom up.