Study Info-Tech

GIR NATIONAL PARK:
The forest near talala gir in Gujarat also known as sasan gir.It was established in 1965 with total area of 1412km² which is fully protected as national park and 1153km² as wildlife sanctuary.
It is part of the khathiar gir dry deciduous forest ecoregion and sub types are thus derived dry deciduous scrub forest and dry savannah forest.
It is famous for Asiatic lion.Gir is affectionately known as the “royal kingdom of Asiatic lions.” The lions are the primary appeal of the national park.
The park does close between Jun 16th and October 15th. The months of April and May provide the best animal viewing as wildlife focuses on water sources because of the heat.
The lion population increased from 411 individuals in 2010 to 523 in 2015, and all of them live in or around Gir National Park.
Lion like dry scrub land and deciduous forest.
The carnivores group mainly comprises the Asiatic lion, Indian leopard, jungle cat, striped hyena, golden jackal, Bengal fox, Indian gray mongoose and ruddy mongoose, and honey badger. Asiatic wildcat and rusty-spotted cat occur, but are rarely seen.

The main herbivores of Gir are chital, nilgai, sambar, four-horned antelope, chinkara and wild boar. Blackbucks from the surrounding area are sometimes seen in the sanctuary.Among the smaller mammals, porcupine and hare are common, but the pangolin is rare.

The reptiles are represented by the mugger crocodile,Indian cobra, tortoise and monitor lizard which inhabit the sanctuary's bodies of water. Snakes are found in the bush and forest. Pythons are sighted at times along the stream bank.

The scavenger group of birds has 6 recorded species of vultures. Some of the typical species of Gir include crested serpent eagle, endangered Bonelli's eagle, changeable hawk-eagle, brown fish owl, Indian eagle-owl, rock bush-quail, Indian peafowl, brown-capped pygmy woodpecker, black-headed oriole, crested treeswift and Indian pitta.

Planning:
Planning is the first of essential managerial functions that is the process by which managers establish goals and define the methods by which these goals are to be attained. Planning involves selecting missions and objectives and the actions to achieve them; it requires decision making, which is choosing from among alternative future courses of action. It deciding in advance what is to be done.
plans have two basic components: goals and action statements.
goals: the targets and results that managers hope to achieve.
Action statements represent the means by which an organization goes ahead to attain its goals. Planning is a deliberate and conscious act by means of which managers determine a course of action for pursuing a specific goal.
The nature of planning can be understood by examining its four major aspects. They are;
1. It is a contribution to objectives,
2. It is primacy among the manager’s tasks.
3. It is pervasiveness, and
4. The efficiency of resulting plans.
The contribution of Planning to the Attainment of Objectives:
Primacy of Planning
Pervasiveness of Planning
The Efficiency of Plans
Meeting the Challenge of Resource Scarcity
Facing Environmental Uncertainty
Planning and Performance
There are main 4 types of plan:
1. Hierarchical Plans:The plans for these three levels are;
o Strategic plan.
o Administrative or Intermediate plan.
o Operational plans can also be categorized according to frequency or repetitiveness of use.
2. Standing Plans:
five types of standing plans are used;
o Mission or purpose
o Strategy
o Policies
o Rules
o Procedures
3. Single-use Plans: four types of single-use plans are used. These are;
o Objectives or Goals
o Programs
o Projects
o Budgets
4. Contingency Plans:Contingency plans are made to deal with situations that might crop up if these assumptions
5. turn out to be wrong. Thus contingency planning is the development of alternative courses of action to be taken if events disrupt a planned course of action.

Why Planning is Important?

1. Increases efficiency
2. Reduces business-related risks
3. Facilitates proper coordination
4. Aids in Organizing
5. Gives right direction
6. Keeps good control
7. Helps to achieve objectives
8. Motivates personnel
9. Encourages creativity and innovation
10. Helps in decision-making

Nutrition:
Nutrition is about eating a healthy and balanced diet. Food and drink provide the energy and nutrients you need to be healthy. Understanding these nutrition terms may make it easier for you to make better food choices.
Daily reference intakes for adults are
• Energy: 8,400kJ/2,000kcal
• Total fat: less than 70g
• Saturates: less than 20g
• Carbohydrate: 260g
• Total sugars: 90g
• Protein: 50g
• Salt: less than 6g

Malnutrition :
physical condition resulting either from a faulty or inadequate diet (i.e., a diet that does not supply normal quantities of all nutrients) or from a physical inability to absorb or metabolize nutrients.

Leptospirosis:
It is an infection cause by corkscrew shaped bacteria called leptospira.
Sign and symptoms can range from none to mild such as headaches,muscles pain and fevers. If the infection caused the person to turn yellow have kidney failure and bleeding. It is known as WEIL's disease.
If it cause lots of bleeding from the lungs it is known as SEVERE PULMONARY HEMORRHAGE SYNDROM.

Phytoremediation :
It is a bioremediation process that basically used of plant and associated soil microbes along with proper soil amendments and agronomic techniques to remove or render the concentration of toxic effects in environmental contaminats.It takes advantages of ability of plants to detoxify various toxic compound.A plant capable of growing in soil or water with high concentration of metals.The plant absorbing extremely concentrating high levels of metals through their root.Heavy metals like CADMIUM, LEAD, ALUMINIUM, ARSENIC, and ANTIMONY all are removing phytoremediation technology that has been increasingly investigated very successfully.
As Examples of hyperaccumulated plants :
1.Indian mustard( Brassica juncea)
2.Poplar Tree.
3.Indian grass( sorghastrum nutans)
4.Sunflower( Helianthus Annuus)
5.Water Hyacinth ( Eichhornia Crassipes)
THE LIMITATIONS OF PHYTOREMEDIATION:
1.In most casesed the depth of the treatment zone is shallow soil.
2.High concentration of hazardous materials can be toxic ot plant.
3.It may be seasonal depending on location.
4.It can transfer contamination across media(e.g from soil to air)
5.The toxicity and bioavailability of biodegradation product is not always known.
6. Product may be mobilized in the ground water or bioaccumulatate in animals.

Knowledge Is the Ultimate Wealth In Life That You Never lose.