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International Plastic Bag Free Day is celebrated on July 3 every year. The initiative was started by the Bag Free World campaign, a global movement aiming to reduce the use of single-use plastic bags that inspired other parts of the world to participate in Plastic Bag Free Day. In 2008, Zero Waste Europe launched a campaign against single-use plastic bags on which was on 3 July. In 2015, the European Union also passed certain directives to reduce the usage of single-use plastic bags.

The movement gained momentum over the years, with many countries implementing bans on plastic bags. Today, this day is a global event observed by a large number of countries across the world.

According to the draft prepared by the UGC, artists and artisans will be appointed as professors in higher education institutes. They will take classes in colleges but will not be regular. They will take lectures, workshops, practicals and training.

UGC: कुम्हार, कारपेंटर, बुनकर, गायक बनेंगे प्रोफेसर, उम्र की कोई सीमा नहीं, गाइडलाइंस जारी विश्वविद्यालय अनुदान आयोग (यूजीसी) द्वारा तैयार ड्राफ्ट के अनुसार, हायर एजुकेशन इंस्टीट्यूट्स में कलाकारों और का...

JRF Award Letter & e-Certificate for Assistant Professorship are available for download for UGC-NET Dec21&Jun22 session (results were declared on Nov2022)

e-certificate, National testing agency Ecertificate system implemented and maintained by KITINFINET

TI Aayog is inviting applications for internships for the year 2023. Here is everything that you need to know about the NITI Aayog Internship!

Eligibility Criteria
Bonafide students of any recognized University/ Institution within India or abroad, fulfilling the following conditions are eligible to apply for the internship:

UG students, having completed/appeared in the term-end exams of second year/4th semester of the bachelor degree course and secured not less than 85% or equivalent marks in 12th class.
Graduate students having completed/ appeared in the term-end exams of first-year/2nd semester of their post-graduate program or pursuing research/Ph.D. and secured not less than 70% or equivalent marks in Graduation.

The students who have appeared in the final exam or just completed Graduation/PG and waiting for admission to higher studies may also be considered for internship provided that.

Drop your mail ID to get the direct link.
Apply here:

Pay for Internship - NITI Aayog, UBER, S&P by Skilled Aspirants All these companies are hiring freshers.. . All the links will be directly shared once the payment is made, You will be redirected to the company page where you can apply and share your resume.. You will get an interview call once your resume gets shortlisted. . After payment wait for 5 seconds to r...

UGC NET JUNE 2023

UGC NET June 2023

Mukherjee Fellowship

Attention all aspiring changemakers and policy enthusiasts! The prestigious Mukherjee Fellowship is now accepting applications for a 12-month fellowship program that aims to groom future leaders in public policy and governance.
The fellowship program is spread over two modules, each designed to provide a comprehensive learning experience. The first module is the Theoretical Learning Module, a 1.5 month-long in-person training program that will be conducted in Delhi. This module is focused on introducing diverse perspectives to the Fellows, through a combination of lectures, workshops, and interactive sessions. The Fellows will have the opportunity to engage with leading experts and practitioners in the field of public policy, and gain a deeper understanding of the key challenges and opportunities in this domain.
The second module is the Experiential Learning Module, a 10.5 month-long experience, involving deputation to the office of MPs post the completion of the learning module. During this module, the Fellows will be assigned to the office of a Member of Parliament, where they will work on a specific policy issue or project. This will provide the Fellows with an immersive and hands-on experience, where they will be able to apply the knowledge and skills acquired during the Theoretical Learning Module.
The Mukherjee Fellowship is a unique opportunity for young professionals who are passionate about driving positive change in society. It is open to individuals with a demonstrated track record of leadership and commitment to public service, and who have completed a bachelor's degree in any field. Fellows will receive a stipend for the duration of the fellowship, to cover their living expenses.
If you are ready to take the next step in your journey towards becoming a policy leader, we encourage you to apply for the Mukherjee Fellowship. This is an opportunity to gain invaluable experience, expand your network, and contribute to meaningful policy change. Don't miss out on this chance to make a difference in your community and beyond.

Website - https://mukherjee.ppgf.in/
For years 2023-24,
Fellowship will start on 01 July 2023.
The application window for the Fellowship is open and will close on 10th June 2023.
age limit - DOB should be after 01/07/1997.
Apply today!

Mukherjee Fellowship Policy, Politics and Governance Foundation (PPGF) has been set up with the express purpose of creating opportunities for students and young professionals interested in the intersection of policy, politics and governance.

✿ स्वतंत्रता आंदोलन से संबंधित आंदोलन एवं वर्ष ✿

♜ बंग-भंग आंदोलन(स्वदेशी आंदोलन)
➜ 1905 ई.

♜ मुस्लिम लीग की स्थापना
➜ 1906 ई.

♜ कांग्रेस का बंटवारा
➜ 1907 ई.

♜ होमरूल आंदोलन
➜ 1916 ई.

♜ लखनऊ पैक्ट
➜ दिसंबर 1916 ई.

♜ मांटेग्यू घोषणा
➜ 20 अगस्त 1917 ई.

♜ रौलेट एक्ट
➜ 19 मार्च 1919 ई.

♜ जालियांवाला बाग हत्याकांड
➜ 13 अप्रैल 1919 ई.

♜ खिलाफत आंदोलन
➜ 1919 ई.

♜ हंटर कमिटी की रिपोर्ट प्रकाशित
➜ 18 मई 1920 ई.

♜ कांग्रेस का नागपुर अधिवेशन
➜ दिसंबर 1920 ई.

♜ असहयोग आंदोलन की शुरुआत
➜ 1 अगस्त 1920 ई.

♜ चौरी-चौरा कांड
➜ 5 फरवरी 1922 ई.

♜ स्वराज्य पार्टी की स्थापना
➜ 1 जनवरी 1923 ई.

♜ हिंदुस्तान रिपब्लिकन एसोसिएशन
➜ अक्टूबर 1924 ई.

♜ साइमन कमीशन की नियुक्ति
➜ 8 नवंबर 1927 ई.

♜ साइमन कमीशन का भारत आगमन
➜ 3 फरवरी 1928 ई.

♜ नेहरू रिपोर्ट
➜ अगस्त 1928 ई.

♜ बारदौली सत्याग्रह
➜ अक्टूबर 1928 ई.

♜ लाहौर पड्यंत्र केस
➜ 8 अप्रैल 1929 ई.

♜ कांग्रेस का लाहौर अधिवेशन
➜ दिसंबर 1929 ई.

♜ स्वाधीनता दिवस की घोषणा
➜ 2 जनवरी 1930 ई.

♜ नमक सत्याग्रह
➜ 12 मार्च 1930 ई. से 5 अप्रैल 1930 ई. तक

♜ सविनय अवज्ञा आंदोलन
➜ 6 अप्रैल 1930 ई.

♜ प्रथम गोलमेज आंदोलन
➜ 12 नवंबर 1930 ई.

♜ गांधी-इरविन समझौता
➜ 8 मार्च 1931 ई.

♜ द्वितीय गोलमेज सम्मेलन
➜ 7 सितंबर 1931 ई.

♜ कम्युनल अवार्ड (साम्प्रदायिक पंचाट)
➜ 16 अगस्त 1932 ई.

♜ पूना पैक्ट
➜ सितंबर 1932 ई.

♜ तृतीय गोलमेज सम्मेलन
➜ 17 नवंबर 1932 ई.

♜ कांग्रेस सोशलिस्ट पार्टी का गठन
➜ मई 1934 ई.

♜ फॉरवर्ड ब्लाक का गठन
➜ 1 मई 1939 ई.

♜ मुक्ति दिवस
➜ 22 दिसंबर 1939 ई.

♜ पाकिस्तान की मांग
➜ 24 मार्च 1940 ई.

♜ अगस्त प्रस्ताव
➜ 8 अगस्त 1940 ई.

♜ क्रिप्स मिशन का प्रस्ताव
➜ मार्च 1942 ई.

♜ भारत छोड़ो प्रस्ताव
➜ 8 अगस्त 1942 ई.

♜ शिमला सम्मेलन
➜ 25 जून 1945 ई.

♜ नौसेना का विद्रोह
➜ 19 फरवरी 1946 ई.

♜ प्रधानमंत्री एटली की घोषणा
➜ 15 मार्च 1946 ई.

♜ कैबिनेट मिशन का आगमन
➜ 24 मार्च 1946 ई.

♜ प्रत्यक्ष कार्यवाही दिवस
➜ 16 अगस्त 1946 ई.

♜ अंतरिम सरकार की स्थापना
➜ 2 सितंबर 1946 ई.

♜ माउंटबेटन योजना
➜ 3 जून 1947 ई.

♜ स्वतंत्रता मिली
➜ 15 अगस्त 1947 ई.

✿ स्वतंत्रता आंदोलन से संबंधित आंदोलन एवं वर्ष ✿

♜ बंग-भंग आंदोलन(स्वदेशी आंदोलन)
➜ 1905 ई.

♜ मुस्लिम लीग की स्थापना
➜ 1906 ई.

♜ कांग्रेस का बंटवारा
➜ 1907 ई.

♜ होमरूल आंदोलन
➜ 1916 ई.

♜ लखनऊ पैक्ट
➜ दिसंबर 1916 ई.

♜ मांटेग्यू घोषणा
➜ 20 अगस्त 1917 ई.

♜ रौलेट एक्ट
➜ 19 मार्च 1919 ई.

♜ जालियांवाला बाग हत्याकांड
➜ 13 अप्रैल 1919 ई.

♜ खिलाफत आंदोलन
➜ 1919 ई.

♜ हंटर कमिटी की रिपोर्ट प्रकाशित
➜ 18 मई 1920 ई.

♜ कांग्रेस का नागपुर अधिवेशन
➜ दिसंबर 1920 ई.

♜ असहयोग आंदोलन की शुरुआत
➜ 1 अगस्त 1920 ई.

♜ चौरी-चौरा कांड
➜ 5 फरवरी 1922 ई.

♜ स्वराज्य पार्टी की स्थापना
➜ 1 जनवरी 1923 ई.

♜ हिंदुस्तान रिपब्लिकन एसोसिएशन
➜ अक्टूबर 1924 ई.

♜ साइमन कमीशन की नियुक्ति
➜ 8 नवंबर 1927 ई.

♜ साइमन कमीशन का भारत आगमन
➜ 3 फरवरी 1928 ई.

♜ नेहरू रिपोर्ट
➜ अगस्त 1928 ई.

♜ बारदौली सत्याग्रह
➜ अक्टूबर 1928 ई.

♜ लाहौर पड्यंत्र केस
➜ 8 अप्रैल 1929 ई.

♜ कांग्रेस का लाहौर अधिवेशन
➜ दिसंबर 1929 ई.

♜ स्वाधीनता दिवस की घोषणा
➜ 2 जनवरी 1930 ई.

♜ नमक सत्याग्रह
➜ 12 मार्च 1930 ई. से 5 अप्रैल 1930 ई. तक

♜ सविनय अवज्ञा आंदोलन
➜ 6 अप्रैल 1930 ई.

♜ प्रथम गोलमेज आंदोलन
➜ 12 नवंबर 1930 ई.

♜ गांधी-इरविन समझौता
➜ 8 मार्च 1931 ई.

♜ द्वितीय गोलमेज सम्मेलन
➜ 7 सितंबर 1931 ई.

♜ कम्युनल अवार्ड (साम्प्रदायिक पंचाट)
➜ 16 अगस्त 1932 ई.

♜ पूना पैक्ट
➜ सितंबर 1932 ई.

♜ तृतीय गोलमेज सम्मेलन
➜ 17 नवंबर 1932 ई.

♜ कांग्रेस सोशलिस्ट पार्टी का गठन
➜ मई 1934 ई.

♜ फॉरवर्ड ब्लाक का गठन
➜ 1 मई 1939 ई.

♜ मुक्ति दिवस
➜ 22 दिसंबर 1939 ई.

♜ पाकिस्तान की मांग
➜ 24 मार्च 1940 ई.

♜ अगस्त प्रस्ताव
➜ 8 अगस्त 1940 ई.

♜ क्रिप्स मिशन का प्रस्ताव
➜ मार्च 1942 ई.

♜ भारत छोड़ो प्रस्ताव
➜ 8 अगस्त 1942 ई.

♜ शिमला सम्मेलन
➜ 25 जून 1945 ई.

♜ नौसेना का विद्रोह
➜ 19 फरवरी 1946 ई.

♜ प्रधानमंत्री एटली की घोषणा
➜ 15 मार्च 1946 ई.

♜ कैबिनेट मिशन का आगमन
➜ 24 मार्च 1946 ई.

♜ प्रत्यक्ष कार्यवाही दिवस
➜ 16 अगस्त 1946 ई.

♜ अंतरिम सरकार की स्थापना
➜ 2 सितंबर 1946 ई.

♜ माउंटबेटन योजना
➜ 3 जून 1947 ई.

♜ स्वतंत्रता मिली
➜ 15 अगस्त 1947 ई.

🔆 Important Notes - Ancient Indian History 🔆
==============================

➨ Harsha was a great supporter of the arts and learning. It is believed that he wrote three dramas- Priyadarshika and Ratnavali which are both romantic comedies, and Nagananda which is based on Bodhisattva Jimutavahana.

➨ The Rashtrakutas as a kingdom rose in power from 753 CE. Dantidurga was a very accomplished ruler and defeated many kingdoms like that of Gurjaras of Malwa and also the rulers of Kalinga, Kosala, and Srisailam.

➨ Mihir Bhoja who ruled from 836 C.E. to 885 C.E. had his capital at Kannauj. It was also called Mahodaya. In one of the earliest inscriptions of Mihir Bhoja, the Barah copper plate inscription, there is mention of a military camp at Mahodaya.

➨ Vigrahapala was succeeded by Narayanapala. Narayanpala served for a long term and ruled for more than half a century. Narayanapala was succeeded by Rajyapala who was succeeded by Gopala II and Vigrahapala II.

➨ Avantivarman who ruled from 855 AD. to 883 AD was famous for his patronage of literature. He also launched some beneficent schemes of drainage and irrigation which was carried out by his minister of public works, Surya.

➨ The Gangas are also referred to as western Gangas or the Gangas of Mysore to demarcate them from eastern Gangas. The eastern Gangas ruled in Kalinga in the 5th century.

➨ The founder of the Hoyasala dynasty was Sala who is also known as Nripakama. Vinayaditya who was the son and successor of Sala was a feudatory of the Chalukya, Vikramaditya VI. Vinayaditya was succeeded by his son Ereyanga who in turn was succeeded by Ballala I.

➨ There are many Siva temples at Khajuraho. The Kandariya Mahadeva Temple is the largest and most ornate Hindu temple which was constructed in the 10th century AD. It is considered as one of the best examples of temples from the medieval period in India.

➨ According to Dasavatara-charitam written by Kshemendra, the ten avatars on lord Vishnu are Matsya (fish), Kurmra (tortoise), Varhba (Boar), Nrisimha (man-lion), Vamana (Dwarf), Parasurama, Rama, Krishna, Buddha, and Kalki. Krishna is considered to be the most popular. The worship of Krishna was popularised by the Bhagavata Purana.

➨ India had a flourishing trade with South-East Asia during the medieval period. The articles imported from that quarter were silk, porcelain ware, camphor, bees’ wax, cloves, lump camphor, sandalwood, and cardamom. Spices were imported from Java and Sumatra. India imported pearls, dry ginger, and tin from Ceylon.