Shree Ganesh Engineering Classes

Torsion:-

In solid mechanics, torsion is the twisting of an object due to an applied torque, therefore is expressed in N·m or ft·lbf. In sections perpendicular to the torque axis, the resultant shear stress in this section is perpendicular to the radius.


For more like Mechanical Engineers Rocks.

Principles of Refrigeration -

Liquids absorb heat when changed from liquid to gas.

Gases give off heat when changed from gas to liquid.
The refrigerant comes into the compressor as a low-pressure gas, it is compressed and then moves out of the compressor as a high-pressure gas.
The gas then flows to the condenser. Here the gas condenses to a liquid, and gives off its heat to the outside air.
The liquid then moves to the expansion valve under high pressure. This valve restricts the flow of the fluid, and lowers its pressure as it leaves the expansion valve.
The low-pressure liquid then moves to the evaporator, where heat from the inside air is absorbed and changes it from a liquid to a gas.
As a hot low-pressure gas, the refrigerant moves to the compressor where the entire cycle is repeated.

Detail drawing of cotter joint and knuckle joint. .

Four types of loads and their induced stresses

Disc brakes

Disc brakes are an order of magnitude better at stopping vehicles than drum brakes, which is why you'll find disc brakes on the front of almost every car and motorbike built today. Sportier vehicles with higher speeds need better brakes to slow them down, so you'll likely see disc brakes on the rear of those too.

Disc brakes are again a two-part system. Instead of the drum, you have a disc or rotor, and instead of the brake shoes, you now have brake caliper assemblies. The caliper assemblies contain one or more hydraulic pistons which push against the back of the brake pads, clamping them together around the spinning rotor. The harder they clamp together, the more friction is generated, which means more heat, which means more kinetic energy transfer, which slows you down. You get the idea by now.

Standard disc brakes have one or two cylinders in them - also know as one or two-pot calipers. Where more force is required, three, or more cylinders can be used. Sports bikes have 4- or 6-pot calipers arranged in pairs. The disadvantage of disc brakes is that they are extremely intolerant of faulty workmanship or bad machining. If you have a regular car disc rotor which is off by so much as 0.07mm (3/1000 inch) it will be Hell when you step on the brakes. That ever-so-slight warp or misalignment is going to spin through the clamped calipers at some ungodly speed and the resulting vibration will make you wonder if you're driving down stairs. To combat this problem, which is particularly critical on motorbikes, floating rotors were invented.

Iron Carbon phase Diagram

Different types of gears and their applications.

planning for picnic......
its Alibaug..!!!!!



get ready, to BOOOOOOOM....!!!!

Bernoulli's principle

Turbine: Difference Between Impulse and Reaction Turbine

In Hydro-Electric Power Plant mainly Impulse or Reaction Turbines are used to generate electric power. From the engineering point of view both have some differences in working or parts. Here I am trying to share the knowledge with you.

Main Differences of Impulse and Reaction Turbine
1) In impulse turbine the water flows through the nozzles and impinges on the buckets where as in reaction turbine the water is guided by the guide blades to flow over the moving vanes.
2) In impulse turbine the entire water energy is first converted in kinetic energy but there is no energy conversion in reaction turbine.
3) ) In impulse turbine the water impinges on the buckets with kinetic energy where as in reaction turbine the water glides over the moving vanes with pressure energy.
4) In impulse turbine the work is done only by the change in the kinetic energy of the jet but in reaction turbine the work is done partly by the change in the velocity head, but almost entirely by the change in pressure head.
5) In impulse turbine the pressure of flowing water remains unchanged and is equal to the atmospheric pressure but in reaction turbine the pressure of flowing water is reduced after gliding over the vanes.
6) In impulse turbine it is not essential that the wheel should run full. Moreover, there should be free access of air between the vanes and the wheel where as it is essential that the wheel should always run full and kept full of water in reaction turbine.
7) In impulse turbine the water may be admitted over a part of the circumference or over the whole circumference of the wheel but in reaction turbine the water must be admitted over the whole circumference of the wheel.
8) It is possible to regulate the flow of water without loss in impulse turbine but in reaction turbine it is not possible to regulate the flow without loss.
If you have more education on difference please put it by comments.